【作者】 晏雄；

【导师】 马翀炜；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 民族文化产业， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 产业集群从一开始就被经济学家们定位为一种区域经济现象,但其本质上仍然是一种社会现象。随着社会的发展变化不断演变出的文化产业集群、民族文化产业集群等形式,都是经济社会发展的结果,同时也是文化资本化的必然结果。从世界范围看,文化产业集群已成为国家竞争优势的重要源泉。从国内看,以云南丽江为代表的民族文化产业的集群化发展模式,为中西部地区,尤其是少数民族地区文化产业的发展提供了一条有别于国外和我国东部地区以发展都市文化产业为主的新路子。因此,本文在国内外学者对城市或发达地区文化产业集群相关研究的基础上,选取丽江为研究对象,提出并界定了民族文化产业集群的概念、特征,认为民族文化产业集群是文化产业集群的进一步细分,它既具有传统产业集群和一般文化产业集群的共性特征,又具有其特殊性。进而界定了民族文化产业集群的内涵及特征,并认为西部少数民族地区要形成民族文化产业集群,既要具备要素条件,即民族文化资源要素、文化环境要素、社会资本要素、文化市场要素、民族文化产业人才要素,也要具备空间条件,即地理空间、经济空间和社会文化空间。本文在对贝斯特模型进行改进的基础上,结合丽江民族文化产业集群发展的实际,构建了丽江民族文化产业集群演化的动态模型,认为丽江民族文化产业集群的演化经历了萌芽、起始、成长、拓展、成熟五个阶段,而由于不同类型产业集群发展特点的差异,有的阶段性特征在不同集群的发展过程中会呈现出不同的表现形式,但总体上都遵循着集群演化的内在机理。并进一步研究了丽江东巴文化、商业文化、古城文化对民族文化产业集群形成的作用机理,认为民族文化产业集群只有根植于当地社会文化中才能得以发展。同时,民族文化产业集群的发展也会反作用于当地社会文化,从积极和消极两个层面影响着当地社会文化的变迁。民族文化产业集群的形成和发展是一个动态过程,集群本身也存在生命周期,为了避免集群进入衰退期,需要及时进行治理。明确了丽江民族文化产业集群治理的重点,并从地方企业家治理、地方政府治理、地方社会关系网络治理三个层面提出了治理的具体措施。本文还尝试性地构建了区域创新网络形成及其相互作用模型、民族文化产业集群品牌形成机制、民族文化产业集群整体竞争力形成模型,认为丽江民族文化产业集群只有形成区域创新网络、塑造集群品牌、提升集群整体竞争力,才能形成区域整体竞争力,实现民族文化产业集群的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industry-cluster is essentially regarded as a regional phenomenon by economists from the outset, which is still also a social phenomenon. Evolved out of culture and changing with the development of this society, culture industry-cluster and even national culture industry-cluster are the results of the economic and social development, and they are also the inevitable results of the cultural capitalization.Around the world, culture industry-cluster has become the important sources of competitive advantages to every country. Domestically, the national culture industry-cluster of Lijiang in Yunnan province, as a representative development model, provides a different new way to western regions in China, especially to ethnic minority areas, while there is a developed way of urban culture industry in China’s eastern regions. Therefore, on the basis of the related researches about urban or the developed areas’culture industry-clusters from foreign scholars, this article selects culture industry-cluster in Lijiang as the object, and defines the concepts of national culture industry-cluster and its characteristics. This article arguments that national culture industry-cluster, what is subdivided to culture industry-cluster, not only has the common features of traditional industry-cluster and general industry-cluster, but also has its particularity. What’s more, this research defines the connotation and characterities of the national culture industry-cluster, and considers that there are element conditions and space conditions, which are the indispensable conditons to culture industry-cluster. The former are ethnic cultural resources, cultural environment elements, social capital elements, culture market elements and talents of national culture industry elements. The latter includes geographical space, economic space and social culture space.Based on the improved Best model, and combining practice of the development of national culture industry-cluster in Lijiang, this article builds a dynamic model of the evolution of culture industry-cluster in Lijiang, and believes the evolution has five stages, which includes germination, initiation, growth, development and maturity. Due to differences of development characteristics in different types of industry-cluster, some characteristics in the process of the development of different clusters will present different forms of expression, but in general, they will follow the internal mechanism of cluster evolution. This is a further study about how the Lijiang Dongba culture, business culture and ancient city culture influence national culture industry-cluster, and this study believes only rooted in the local social culture, that national culture industry-cluster can develop well. At the same time, the development of national culture industry-cluster reacts on two aspects:positive affect and negative affect, to cause the local social culture changes.The formation and development of national culture industry-cluster are dynamic processes, and the cluster itself also has a life cycle, which needs timely treatment in order to avoid recession. After clearing the focus of culture industry-cluster in Lijiang and providing specific measures of three aspects about local entrepreneurs governmance, local governmance and local society relation network management, this article attempts to construct a model about regional innovation network form and its interaction, a formation mechanism of industry-cluster’s brand and a competitiveness model of national culture industry-cluster. There is a conclude that only the national culture industry-cluster in Lijiang forms regional innovation network clusters, shapes the cluster brand and promotes the whole competitiveness of the cluster, can the national culture industry-cluster realize a sustainable development.更多还原