【作者】 刘再斌；

【导师】 靳德武；

【作者基本信息】 煤炭科学研究总院 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 煤层底板突水是威胁煤矿安全的主要灾害之一，煤层底板突水机理一直是煤矿水害防治技术研究的热点和难点问题。突水是渗流-应力耦合作用的结果，以渗流-应力耦合作用研究为主线，揭示煤层底板突水机理，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。通过不同围压、水压条件下的细砂岩、中砂岩、粗砂岩及灰岩的三轴压缩试验及渗透性测试试验，获得岩石强度和变形特征，分析了岩石全应力应变过程渗透性变化规律，研究了围压和渗透压差对渗透性能的作用机制，建立了岩石渗透率动态演化模型和渗透率-体应变拟合方程，分析了岩石破坏过程声发射特性。基于岩石工程系统（ORES）方法，构建了煤层底板突水耦合作用网络，推导了考虑有效应力、岩体骨架变形运动的渗流-应力耦合控制方程组，为深化煤层底板突水机理研究提供了途径将煤层底板划分为完整底板、非贯通型底板和贯通型底板，结合4个典型突水实例分析了不同底板结构条件下的渗流-应力耦合作用模式；建立了煤层底板岩体结构灾后识别模型，通过相似模拟实验，验证了识别模型的正确性，获得突水水压与突水量的相关关系；基于COMSOL Multiphysics数值模拟软件分析了不同岩体结构底板应力及破坏特征，提出了底板结构灾前识别方法。底板结构的灾前识别方法和灾后识别方法组成防治水工作过程中的底板结构识别方法，对于分析突水征兆和突水特征有重要意义。通过试验研究、理论分析、相似模拟、模型试验、突水实例分析等研究手段，形成了煤层底板渗流-应力耦合突水机理，提出了煤层底板结构识别方法，为煤层底板水害的预防和突水发生后的治理提供技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal seam floor water inrush hazard is a significant hazard which is a threat to coalmine safety. Coal seam floor water inrush mechanism has always been a hot and difficultproblem in coal mine water hazard control technique study. Water inrush is the result offluid-stress coupling process. Coupled action of fluid and stress was studied as the principleline to reveal coal seam floor water inrush mechanism which has an important theoreticalsignificance and engineering application value.Triaxial tests and permeability tests of fine sandstone, medium sandstone, gritstoneand limestone under different confining pressure and different hydraulic pressure werecarried out. Rock strength and deformation characteristics were obtained. Permeabilitycharacteristics during full stress-strain process were analyzed. Mechnism of how confiningpressure and osmotic pressure difference control rock permeability was put forward.Permeambility dynamic evolution model and fitting fules were established. Characteristicsof acoustic emission during rock failure process were analyzed.Based on the optimized rock engineering system method, coal seam floor water inrshcoupling network was established to reveal coal seam floor water inrush mechanism.Control equations considering the effective stress and deformation of rock mass werederived.Coal seam floor structures were divided to three types which are complete floor,unconnected floor and connected floor. Four water inrush cases were analyzed to explaindifferent fluid-stress coupling model. Post-disaster floor type identification model wasestablished and applicated. The identification result was checked by ananalog simulationmodel. During the analog simulation process, relationship between water pressure andwater inflow was obtained. Coal seam floor pressue and failure characteristics were studiedby COMSOL Multiphysics. Floor structure identification method includes pre-disasteridentification and post-disaster identification is useful to analyze water inrush signs andwater inrush characteristics.Based on experimental study, theoretical analysis, analog simulation, numerialsimulation and cases analysis, the fluid-stress coupling water inrush mechanism wasformed. Coal seam floor structure identification method was established. The new waterinrush mechanism can supply technical support to prevent and control coal mine waterhazard.更多还原