《玄應音義》詞彙研究

【作者】 姚紅衛；

【导师】 徐時儀；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中國古典文獻學， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 玄應撰寫的《眾经音義》又稱《一切经音義》,简稱《玄應音義》,是最早的一部佛经音羲,问世以来版本较多。關於《玄應音義》的研究,首先必须確立一個好的版本,才能開展《玄應音義》的文献、漢梵语言、文化、辭书编纂等關目的探索。其次,主要是利用《玄應音義》所引古书進行辑佚和校勘。再次,封於词目、音韻、文字等的语言学研究。本文《<玄應音義>词彙研究》屬於综合研究。在研究过程中主要運用以下方法：传统的文献学研究方法和先進的数字化技术相结合、歷時和共時研究相结合、内證與外證相结合、描寫分析和歸纳相结合。取得的主要成果：其一,《玄應音羲》是屬於訓释佛经疑難词语音義類的注释书。注疏语料,在祠彙史的研究中具有重要的价值。相封於版本等方面的研究来说,封於《玄應音義》的注释语言本體研究的输著還做得很不夠,成果也不多。但這也是一個重要研究方向,现在應该隨著版本研究的繼續開展的同时齊頭並進展开释语语言的研究。对此领域,本文有尃章研究,全部列出了《玄應音義》注释语言里的複音词,著重窮盡考释了叠音词、聯绵词。作为词表附錄於後,可供進一步深入研究。这是本论文最大的创新處。其二,《玄應音義》的注释语言研究。著重分析注释语言多音词的面貌、横成、结構、新词新義、佛语词等相關的词彙现象並著手相關词语单音词和複音词的考释等等工作,以便確立《玄應音義》注释语言在词彙史上的地位：传承前代上古中古词语、唐代出现的新词语、封现代漢语的影響等等。揭示其有利於词典编纂價值：補充词典某些词條的唐代用例、祠或词義義项书證提前、增设新词或新義项、封於词典缺乏书證的词條補充书證等等。其三,《玄應音義》麗藏本的用字调查。比较而言,《玄應音義》麗藏本用字不很规范,包括错别字、通假字、異體字、古今字等现象。其四,分析《玄應音義》的训詁實践(注音、正字、释義等方面的特點)。其五,词目“挑”的“挖”義探究,以“X然”尾词和“不X”结構等作为個案探讨《玄虑音義》词目的词彙学价值。其六,運用最新的訓詁学、词彙学理输,延伸考释了《玄應音義》一些疑词语(如“鉦”、“可意音”、“五旬”、“瞻蔔”、“鳩留”、“虎魄”、“蒲桃”等),提出了新见解,指出《漢语大词典》、《漢藉大字典》、《玄應音義》等工具害存在的失误。最後,《一切经音義三種校本合刊》,是现代意義上的校勘整理本,代表了当今国内外佛经音義研究的最新最高水準。只有佛学、小学造指高深的学者方能胜任如此煌煌巨著的校勘工作。但校勘工作如同掃落葉,捅完了又有落菜,掃的次数越多,點校質量也就越好。校注本在標點符號的使用方面有遗漏、误用、體例不一等现象,《修订版》比起校注本有很大改進但仍有一些瑕疵。本人反反复复阅讀《一切经音羲三種校本合刊·玄應音義》幾遍之後,不揣浅陋,從正文、補文、引文中摘出有疑问(文理不通、词條立目不清、误解外来语等等)的若干條,以古文標點實践成果为指导,考订《玄應音義》校注本、《修订版》句讀得失,就句读问题(當断不断、不當断而断、误用、體例不一等情形)提出商榷,以就教於方家。更多还原

【Abstract】 ZHongjing Yinyi written by Xuanying is also called Yiqiejing Yinyi, referred to as Xuanying Yinyi, is one of the earliest Sutra and, since the advent of complex version. About Xuanying Yinyi study, it must first establish a good version, in order to carry out the literature, Chinese-Sanskrit language, culture, lexicography to explore. Secondly, the use of Xuanying Yinyi will compile and collation of ancient books. Once again, the linguistic study of headwords, phonology, character etc.This paper research on Xuanying Yinyi vocabulary should belong to the comprehensive research. Use the following method in the process of research:the traditional literature research method and advanced technology, the combination of diachronic and synchronic study, internal and external evidence combination, descriptive analysis and induction combined.The main results obtained are:first, Xuanying Yinyi should belong to explain Buddhist difficult words fromYinyi annotation book. Annotation corpus, has important value in the study of the history of vocabulary. Compared with the research version etc, for Xuanying Yinyi the annotation language body and the works of study is not enough, not many results. But it is also an important research direction, should now with at the same time version of the study continue to do many things at once about annotation language. In this field, this paper has specific research, all lists Xuanying Yinyi annotation language double sound words in vocabulary and, as appendix, for further study. This is the biggest innovation of this thesis.Second, research Xuanying Yinyi annotation language. Focuses on annotation language lexical phenomenon of monosyllabic and polysyllabic words appearance, composition, structure, new words and new meanings, the Sanskrit words related to related words research and so on work, in order to establish Xuanying Yinyi annotation language vocabulary history:ancient, medieval heritage before, the emergence of new words in Tang Dynasty, influence in modern Chinese and so on, revealing its beneficial to dictionary compilation value:supplementary dictionary entries in Tang Dynasty, some words or word meaning case ahead, adding new words or new meanings, for the lack of documentary entries added to the dictionary.In addition, the study also carry out another points:1. Xuanying Yinyi Lizangben is not very normative, including typos, interchangeable characters, variant characters, ancient and modern characters.2. A analysis of Xuanying Yinyi exegesis practice (phonetic, orthography, interpretation of features, etc.).3. Headwords of tiao(挑)to wa(挖) meaning to new interpretation, X-ran(M) tail words and the structure of bu(不)-X as a case study of Xuanying Yinyi word value.4. Application of new scholium, lexicology, the paper extend to discuss some difficult words such as zheng(钲), keyiyin(可意音), zhanbo(瞻蔔) and jiuliu(久留) in Xuanying Yinyi, puts forward new ideas, points out that the Chinese Dictionary and Xuanying Yinyi etc errors. This part of content contained in the relevant chapters.At last,Yiqiejing Yinyi Sanzhong Jiaoben Hekan, is in the modern sense of collating, represents the new highest level of today’s domestic and foreign Buddhist dictionary research. Only high attainments Buddhism scholars can do so the magnum opus of collating work. But the collation work like leaves, swept and deciduous, the more the number of scan, proofreading quality is better. Jiaozhuben omission, misuse, style not a phenomenon is in the use of punctuation marks Xiudingban than Jiaozhuben is a great improvement, but there are still some defects. I repeatedly read Jiaozhuben and Xiudingban of Xuanying Yinyi several times, do not surmise shallow, from doubt enucleation text, complement, citation (illogical and ungrammatical, the entries not being clear, the misunderstanding of foreign language and so on) the number, to classical punctuation practice results as a guide, point out Jiaozhuben and Xiudingban gains and losses and the losses should be revised later, as those problems (misuse, style not being a situation) discussed in this paper, for advice.更多还原