【作者】 达婷；

【导师】 孟兆祯；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 中国传统城镇“景与城融”的风景格局具有独特的魅力和自成体系的总体特征。然而,目前关于中国传统城镇风景研究的成果多集中在思想方法和具体个案的探讨上,尚未形成一套系统的风景组织方法以用于指导当代城市风景兴造。因此,探索出一套既能够延续中国传统城镇风景格局又能够适应当代城市发展的风景规划与组织方法具有现实意义。本论文尝试以湖广地区的传统城镇风景空间为研究对象,对湖广地区具有深厚文化底蕴和风景兴造历史的传统城镇风景空间的组织规律加以系统的总结和分析,为解决中国当代城镇风景空间重塑的问题提供合理思路。传统城镇风景空间环境协同研究是一个交叉学科的研究领域。本研究将城市形态学方法应用于城镇风景组织研究,通过将研究视角主要锁定在城镇自然山水在社会发展中的促进作用,从中观尺度上对城镇风景系统中要素的广泛关联性为研究重点,研究城镇风景空间的生成和演化途径,从而提炼出传统城镇风景组织的合理内核。本论文采用系统论、结构主义方法分析了湖广地区传统城镇风景空间结构,认为传统城镇风景空间在总体上具有单元性空间特征。传统城镇风景空间可以分为以山、水要素为核心的风景基本空间、以各类风景建筑为主体的风景社会空间以及人们在欣赏和体验风景社会空间的“象”时所产生的以风景意义为基础的风景延展空间。传统城镇风景空间拥有内核清晰而边界模糊的总体结构特征。“城景相融”综合环境美感的形成是风景基本空间、风景社会空间以及风景延展空间协同发展的结果。本论文认为,传统城镇风景空间的生成是一个历时性问题。从空间上看,是风景社会空间占据以自然山水为核心的环境优势区位的过程；从意识层面上看,是古人对自然山水环境美感特征认知强化的过程；从组织方式上看,是风景通过在相对匀质的城镇空间中以尺度的偏离实现风景形态突出的过程。建立自然山水尺度分级利用体系、增强城镇主体功能的山水环境参与性和建立绿色空间意象等策略是传统城镇风景系统组织的主要策略。本论文进一步提出,“景与城融”的城镇风景景象在传统社会和现代社会之间存在本质不同。在传统城镇的现代发展中,不仅要强调风景系统与非风景系统在物质和社会形态上的协同发展,还要通过增强与城镇传统文脉的关联实现风景环境意义的重塑。本论文提出了建立城镇风景空间单元的理论设想,以适应传统城镇风景空间现代转型的需要,重新建构起城镇风景空间的单元式组织结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional Chinese Town has a unique charm and self-contained feature in its landscape pattern."Integration of landscape and city "is the high-level summary of its overall characteristics. However, researches on traditional Chinese Town’s landscape were mainly focused on the results of the methods and specific cities cases. A systematic approach to guide the contemporary city landscape construction has not been made in landscape organization of traditional Chinese cities. Therefore, there has practical significance to explore a set of landscape planning and organization approaches to adapt to contemporary city development which is also suitable for its traditional landscape pattern in China. In this dissertation, traditional Chinese cities in ancient Hunan and Hubei region are chosen to be the research objects, which have deep cultural and landscape construction history. Summarizing and analyzing the rules of landscape spatial organization of cities in ancient Hunan and Hubei region are to provide reasonable ideas of remodeling the Chinese contemporary city landscape space problems.Scenery synergy of city landscape space of traditional cities is a collaborative research. In this dissertation, by focusing the research perspective on the major role of city and nature landscape in social development, the research is focused on city landscape elements and their extensive relevance in middle-scale level. The generation and evolution approaches of city landscape of traditional Chinese cities are discussed in order to refine the rational core from traditional Chinese city landscape organization.In this dissertation, system theory and methods of structuralism are used to analyze the city landscape space structure of traditional cities in ancient Hunan and Hubei region. It is proposed that the traditional city landscape space had a spatial unit feature in general. The elements of traditional city landscape space can be divided into landscape basic space which includes hills and rivers, landscape social space including all types of landscape architectures and landscape scenery extended space involving images generated by people’ appreciating the landscape social space. The traditional city landscape space has the overall structure of a clear core and fuzzy boundaries. Comprehensive beauty scenery is formed based on the synergetic development of landscape basic space, landscape social space and landscape scenery extended space.It is said that the generation of traditional city landscape space is a diachronic problem, which means the process of landscape social space occupied the advantageous location in natural environment. And it is also the cognitive enhanced process of aesthetic features for natural environment in consciousness level. Furthermore, it is a generation process of landscape morphology herniation in relatively homogeneous city pattern by scale deviation. The main strategy of traditional city landscape system organization is proposed in this dissertation, which is the establishment of natural landscape scale grading utilization system, the enhancement of the city environment participatory of nature landscape, and the establishment of green space image.There are essentially differences between traditional and modern city landscape scenery. In the modern development of traditional cities, there emphasized on not only the cooperative development between landscape system and non-landscape system in material and social forms, but also the context associated with traditional culture in remodeling the environmental significance of landscape in traditional cities.A theoretical assumption of city landscape space unit is proposed in this dissertation, to meet the needs of modern transformation of traditional cities and to reconstruct the modular structure in those cities.更多还原