【作者】 黄毅；

【导师】 文军；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 人类是空间性的存在者。空间可以约减为一种社会行为和意图的产物。对一座城市社会形态和关系属性进行理解的过程中,我们可以通过对城市生活内在的空间性、社会性与历史性维度,来探究社会事实及其逻辑和意义。因为人类的空间聚居形态与该社会的属性、运行机制及演变逻辑之间存在着密切的关联性。经典城市社会理论研究也揭示了,城市空间结构的生成过程表明了城市社会中各种行为主体的角色表征、行为规范以及其在此秩序下的关系状况等众多社会信息。在市场化与城市化的双重推力下,边疆民族地区城市社会必然也会出现一些非预期的因素,从而导致族际之间会产生一种紧张、矛盾甚至是冲突的关系性张力。这种关系性张力在城市空间上表现为居民群体不断地趋于同类聚集的居住过程与现象,从而导致群体间社会距离的增大以及群体间空间分异的固化等问题。对乌鲁木齐市而言,日常生活中的社会问题始终存在于城市的发展演变过程之中,并在城市空间上有着鲜明的呈现。所以本研究认为族际居住空间格局变化可以构成研究当前乌鲁木齐市族群关系变化及其所产生的社会问题的一个重要的场景和变量。因为它不仅反映着族际交往的形式、内涵与质量,而且还是影响城市族际关系重要的人文生态环境。由于受历史政治、宗教文化等因素的影响,“城市空间族群化”已成为乌鲁木齐城市空间分异最显著的特征和公共治理的主要制约性因素。而且在族群关系状况及特定事件的影响下,乌鲁木齐市社会问题属性特质表现为城市社会空间场域中的族际差异明显、族群意识有所强化、特定区域／社区亚文化群体的异质性增强以及族际间交往互动阻滞等特点。对乌鲁木齐市公共治理而言,这种社会问题属性特质非常不利于城市社会的整合。本研究认为可以尝试着通过复合治理、住区再造以及认同塑造等政府顶层设计和基层社会自发探索的实践过程,来解决／缓解由“族群关系与居住空间分异”所导致的诸种社会问题,最终使城市族际间的差异性因素维持在一种无害的均衡状态,从而达成城市社会的稳定、有序与友好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human beings are the existence of spatiality. Space can be approximately reduced to a product of social behaviors and intentions. We can explore the social facts and their logic and significance through the intrinsic space, sociality and historical dimensions of urban life in the process of understanding the social formation and relational properties of a city. It is the reason that the close correlation between the spatial colony morphology of human beings and the properties, operating mechanism and evolutionary logic of the society. The classic theoretical study of urban society also reveals that the generation process of urban spatial structures shows numerous social information, such as the role characterization, behavioral norms of various actors in urban society and their relationship status in this order. Under the twofold thrust of marketization and urbanization, some unexpected factors will also inevitably emerge in the urban society of bordering ethnic areas, which can result in producing a kind of relational tension of tension (intension, tensity), contradictions and even conflict among the inter-ethnic groups. The performance of this relational tension in urban space is the living processes and phenomena that residents tend to similar aggregation continually, leading to many issues such as the increase of social distance and the solidification of spatial differentiation among groups.For Urumqi, Social problems in daily life exist throughout the process of the evolution of urban development and have a distinctive presentation in urban space. Therefore, this research suggests that the pattern change of inter-ethnic residential space can be an important variable and scene for investigating the variations of the ethnic relationships in Urumqi and their resultant social problems, because it not only reflects the form, connotation and quality of inter-ethnic communication, but also influences the important humanity ecological environment of urban inter-ethnic relationships. Owing to the impact of the factors such as history, politics, religion and culture,"urban space ethnicized" has become the most significant features of spatial differentiation and the main restrictive factor of public governance in Urumqi. Moreover, under the influence of the status of ethnic relationships and specific events, the properties of social issues in Urumqi have the following characteristics:the difference of inter-ethnic in the field of urban social space will be significant, ethnic consciousness will be strengthened, the heterogeneity of specific areas/communities subcultures will be enhanced and the interaction of inter-ethnic communication will be blocked and so on. In terms of the public governance of Urumqi, the attribute characteristics of this social problem are extremely unfavorable for the integration of urban society.This study demonstrates that the government’s top-level design such as compound governance, the reconstruction of residential areas and identity shaping and the practical process of self-exploration in basic-level society can be utilized to address/alleviate various social problems caused by the "Ethnic relationships and residential space differentiation", which can make the discrepancy among urban inter-ethnic groups to maintain a harmless equilibrium, and thereby to achieve a stable, orderly and friendly urban society ultimately.更多还原