【作者】 王峰；

【导师】 明庆忠； 曾刚；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 交通与旅游空间结构演化及其形态格局关系十分密切,尤其是在西南边疆山区。本文针对交通与旅游空间结构研究较薄弱和公共服务首先要解决交通这一问题出发,从双向视角、以云南为个案重新审视交通与旅游空间结构演化及格局之间的关系,解决交通与旅游空间结构的演进与关联关系,同时本文得到了国家自然科学基金项目“边疆山区交通与旅游空间结构耦合及关联机制研究—以云南省为例”(编号：41361037)的资助,在前期资料收集和实地调研的基础上撰写的。尽管西南边疆山区的旅游发展非常迅速,旅游空间不断扩张延伸,旅游发展进程不断加快,旅游效率不断提高,但西南边疆山区旅游空间结构演化与交通网络关联问题缺少足够的关注。有鉴于此,重新反思西南边疆山区旅游空间演化发展模式,转变西南边疆山区旅游发展方式,关注交通网络与旅游空间结构演化之间的关系问题便显得尤为迫切和重要,。本研究通过观察云南省交通业与旅游空间结构的互动关系,总结边疆山区交通与旅游空间结构演化的相互作用过程及规律,对整个边疆民山区旅游业发展提供一般性借鉴的价值。一方面可通过交通对旅游空间结构演化作用规律和特征总结,进一步完善区域旅游空间结构研究理论,另一方面可以完善旅游地理学的研究领域,并进一步将边疆旅游地理纳入研究中,以促进边疆地理学的发展。随着旅游在向休闲度假转型、交通网络的完善,区域内旅游要素的集聚与扩散也在经历不断的重组与变迁,重大交通基础设施的建设和新的旅游开发轴线又必将影响旅游空间格局的演变。本文在空间技术的支持下,深入剖析交通网络对西南边疆山区旅游空间结构演化的影响机理；从动态、静态两个层面对云南省旅游空间结构演化与交通网络关联机制及其效应进行了系统而全面地研究；探索西南边疆山区交通与旅游空间演化过程及机理；进行旅游交通优势度评价的研究理论和方法创新,构建交通优势度与旅游经济空间耦合模型,并通过交通优势度与旅游空间格局的耦合特征对云南省进行旅游区域类型划分,更清晰地揭示两者的相互过程与机理,为区域旅游发展提供科学依据,同时为云南省和其他边疆山区旅游开发格局的调整、区域旅游生产力布局优化重组提供决策参考,同时为区域交通和旅游空间结构的纵深化和定量化研究提供有针对性的技术和方法,为西南边疆山区旅游的发展提供理论和实际的支撑与参考,对于内地省域旅游空间结构调控和转型发展也有较强的指导意义。本文的研究目标是：(1)从双向视角重新审视交通业与旅游空间结构演化之间的关系,厘清以云南为个案的西南边疆山区交通与旅游空间结构演化的相关性及关联机制；(2)从交通与旅游空间结构演化的互动机制、交通网络对旅游空间要素的作用机理等方面,探索以云南为个案的西南边疆山区交通与旅游空间演化过程及机理；(3)进行旅游交通优势度理论和方法的研究创新,构建以云南为个案的西南边疆山区交通优势度与旅游经济空间耦合模型,更清晰地揭示两者的相互关系,为区域旅游交通和旅游空间结构的纵深化和定量化研究提供有针对性的技术和方法：(4)总结提炼西南边疆山区交通与旅游空间结构演化的一般过程及机理,为西南边疆山区旅游的发展提供理论和实际的支撑与参考；同时为旅游地理学贡献新的学术视野和学术资源。文章紧密围绕理论分析和实证研究两条主线,运用文献综述、理论演绎、空间分析及计量定量化等研究方法,重点研究以下四个问题：(1)系统综述和分析了西南边疆山区旅游空间结构演化机理等基本理论,在此基础上,构建了交通网络导引下的旅游空间演化的理论模型,深入分析了交通网络的影响机理。(2)对云南16个地州市1996-2011年间旅游空间结构的演进和交通网络可达性的空间演进进行了系统动态性分析；(3)对2011年云南省旅游经济与交通优势度耦合类型及现状进行了研究；(4)运用广义可加模型,分析了云南省交通可达性演化的旅游空间效应。本文共7章,除第一章绪论外,第2、3章是对理论文献的整理和交通网络与旅游空间结构演化的关联机制及效应的理论基础分析,作为文章实证研究的基础和前提；第4、5和6章是结合理论分析的实证研究；第7章是对云南旅游空间演化趋势优化取向的建议。具体作为文章体的第2-7章内容：第2章,分析了西南边疆山区交通网络与旅游空间结构演化的理论基础及铁路网络、公路网络、航空网络与旅游相关性。第3章分析了西南边疆山区交通网络与旅游空间结构演化的相互作用机制和交通网络引导下的西南边疆山区旅游空间演化的理论模式,研究认为,西南边疆山区交通网络与旅游空间演化是一种互馈耦合关系,西南边疆山区旅游空间结构的演进过程可以划分为四个阶段：从西南边疆山区旅游空间结构形成、演进的全过程来看,点轴旅游空间是西南边疆山区旅游业初级阶段的空间结构形态模式,放射串珠状空间是西南边疆山区旅游业成长阶段的空间结构形态模式,轴幅式网络旅游空间是西南边疆山区旅游业发育成稳定阶段的空间结构形态模式,即西南边疆山区旅游空间结构的形成与发展,可以呈现节点状离散起步阶段、核心—边缘拓展阶段、放射串珠状发展阶段和轴辐网络状发展阶段的空间组合演化特征；4章,云南旅游空间演化实证分析。首先,通过分析其3A级及以上旅游资源的空间分布特征、空间分布差异、交通结构特征探讨云南旅游资源的空间结构,在研究方法上,以ArcGIS10.0空间技术分析平台为手段,通过地理集中指数和Voronoi多边形的面积变异系数分析和验证云南旅游资源的空间分布集聚特征,利用区位熵分析其空间分布差异,使用交通连接度指数分析其交通结构特征。其次,利用空间探索性数据分析方法,分析了云南省旅游空间结构演化特征；第5章,云南省交通网络的旅游效应研究。本文以云南为实例,以地州市为基本单元,利用GAM模型,并结合GIS空间分析技术,定量分析了1996年以来云南陆路交通可达性空间格局的演化及其与旅游变化的关系；第6章分析了云南省交通优势度与旅游经济空间耦合,主要构建了云南交通优势度的评价模型以及揭示了交通优势度与旅游经济的耦合特征。第7章根据相关研究提出了新时期云南旅游空间结构演变趋势与交通网络协同演化战略对策。本文创新之处体现在以下几方面：(1)将基于交通发展的区域旅游空间结构动态演化作为一种重要的旅游空间演化现象进行研究,并剖析其关联效应、旅游空间演化过程与机制,总结其一般规律；(2)探索交通—旅游经济发展关联模型、综合旅游交通优势度评价指标体系及应用方法；(3)研究以交通先行与关联带动效应明显的旅游产业融合发展作为着力点研究其旅游空间演化及优化途径。(4)在方法上,把ArcGIS的ESDA技术应用到旅游空间类型区划分中,来解释区域旅游空间结构的空间相关、空间集聚和空间异质,探索边疆山区区域交通网络及空间可达性等研究的新方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure evolution and the relationship between transportation and tourism spatial pattern is very close,especially in the southwest mountain area.This paper study on traffic and tourism spatial structure is weak and public service first to solve the problem of traffic,from the dual perspective,with Yunnan as the case to re-examine the relationship between structure evolution and patterns of traffic and tourism space,solve the traffic and tourism spatial structure evolution and relationship;although the southwest mountain tourism development the rapid expansion of tourism,the space outspread,accelerating the process of tourism development, tourism efficiency continues to improve,but the southwest border mountain tourism spatial structure evolution and traffic network related problems lack enough attention.In view of this,the development mode of evolution to reflect on the southwest mountain tourism space.change the southwest mountain tourism development by the way,the relationship between the traffic network and tourism spatial structure evolution of concern is particularly urgent and important.The goal of this paper is:(1)To examine the relationship between the evolution of transport industry and the tourism spatial structure from two perspective,taking Yunnan as an example,to solve the relationship and evolution mechanism of Frontier mountainous southwest transportation and tourism spatial structure;(2)The interaction mechanism, the evolution of transport and tourism spatial structure of traffic network tourism spatial elements of the mechanism, taking Yunnan as an example,to explore the traffic and tourism space frontier mountainous southwest evolution and mechanism;(3)Study on the innovation of tourism traffic advantage degree theory and method, taking Yunnan as an example,constructs the frontier mountainous southwest traffic dominance and Tourism economic spatial coupling model,the relationship is more soft clearly reveal both,for transportation and tourism spatial structure of regional tourism depth and quantitative research to provide the technology and method;(4)Summarizes the general process and evolution mechanism of tourism spatial structure of traffic and border areas in Southwest China, provide theoretical and practical support and reference for the development of the southwest border area tourism;At the same time as the tourism geography contributed a new academic field of vision and academic resources.This paper focuses on the theoretical analysis and empirical research on the two main line,the use of research methods of literature review.theoretical deduction,spatial analysis and measurement,focusing on the following four questions:(1) Systematic reviews and analyzes the basic theory of Southwest Frontier mountainous tourism spatial structure evolution mechanism. On this basis,constructs a theory model of traffic network under the guidance of tourism spatial evolution,in-depth analysis of the mechanism of the effect of traffic network.(2)In the dynamic aspect:the1996-2011years of tourism spatial structure in Yunnan16city dynamic evolution and transportation network accessibility of spatial evolution was analyzed;(3)In the static aspects: Based on the study of the2011Yunnan tourism economy and traffic advantages of coupling type static status;(4)Using generalized additive models,analysis of Yunnan province traffic accessibility evolution of the tourism spatial effect.This paper consists of7chapters, besides the first chapter of introduction, Second, the3chapter is the analysis of theoretical basis of association mechanism and effect on the evolution of the theory of literature and transportation network and tourism spatial structure, as the foundation and premise for the empirical research; Fourth, the5and the6Chapter is an empirical study on the theory analysis conclusion; Seventh chapter is a summary of the conclusions of the study and the Yunnan tourism spatial evolution trend of optimized orientation. As the main content of the article chapter3-6are:the third chapter, analyzes theoretical model the evolution of transport network and the tourism spatial structure of Frontier mountainous southwest the interaction mechanism and the transportation network under the guidance of the southwest frontier mountainous tourism spatial evolution, the study concluded that, transportation network and tourism space frontier mountainous southwest evolution is a mutual fed coupling relationship, evolution of southwest mountainous tourism spatial structure can be divided into four stages:The whole process of the formation, from the frontier tourism spatial structure evolution of viewpoint axis space tourism spatial structure is the mode of the primary stage of border tourism,radiation Beaded space is space structure form frontier tourism industry growth stage,hub and spoke network tourism space is the development frontier tourism into the pattern space structure stable stage,the formation and development of Southwest Frontier Tourism Space Mountain structure,can be divided into node like discrete initial stage,development stage, the core-edge radiation Beaded development stage and the hub and spoke network. Stages of development of the space combination and evolution characteristics.The fourth chapter, the empirical analysis of Yunnan tourism spatial evolution. First, the spatial distribution characteristics,analysis of the3A level and above, the spatial distribution of tourism resources, traffic on the structure characteristics of the spatial structure of tourism resources in Yunnan, in the research method,using ArcGIS10.0spatial analysis platform as a means, through geographic concentration area coefficient of variation and the number of Voronoi polygon analysis and verification of Yunnan tourism distribution resources spatial agglomeration characteristics, analysis of the spatial distribution of the location entropy, using traffic analysis of its traffic structure index.Secondly, using spatial exploratory data analysis methods, analysis of the characteristics of the evolution of tourism spatial structure in Yunnan province; the fifth chapter, study on the effect of traffic network in Yunnan province tourism. The paper takes Yunnan as an example, with the city as the basic unit, using GAM model, combined with GIS spatial analysis technology, the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the evolution of traffic accessibility of spatial pattern of Yunnan road and travel change since1996. The sixth chapter is the analysis of the degree and the tourism economic space coupling traffic advantage of Yunnan Province, this chapter constructs the coupling characteristics of Yunnan traffic advantage degree evaluation model and the transport superiority and tourism economy.In a word, this paper based on the existing research, in-depth analysis of the traffic network influence mechanism on the evolution of tourism spatial structure of the southwest border areas; the system is dynamic,static from the two aspects of the tourism spatial structure of Yunnan province and the evolution of traffic network connection mechanism and the effect and comprehensive research;explore the traffic and tourism space frontier mountainous southwest evolution process and mechanism;innovation theory and method of tourism transportation advantage degree evaluation,construct the transport superiority and tourism economic spatial coupling model, interactive process and machine more soft clearly reveals their science, regional transportation and tourism spatial structure depth and quantitative research to provide the technology and method,to provide theoretical and practical support and reference for the development of the southwest border area tourism. At the same time, the econometrics and spatial econometrics, and some methods of GIS applied to study.更多还原