【作者】 彭曼丽；

【导师】 彭福扬；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 马克思主义理论， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 人与自然的关系是生态研究的基本关系,生态问题的解决不仅是一个社会发展的现实问题,也是一个重要的理论问题。作为实践指导的马克思主义一直高度关注,马克思生态思想的理论研究也日益深入。遵循历史发展的逻辑,研究马克思经典文本,挖掘马克思各时期的生态思想,探寻马克思生态思想形成的内在规律,是马克思主义生态理论研究不可缺乏的重要环节。通览马克思各时期的文献,可以发现,马克思关于生态问题的论述虽然零散,思想却不乏深邃,而且伴随唯物史观的发展而发展,呈现出从生态哲学思想不断向经济、政治、社会历史领域拓展的发展轨迹。马克思生态思想发展轨迹是马克思对历史发展从抽象上升到具体的思维方法与认识过程的反映,也是不断从哲学思辨走向现实,理论视域不断扩大的过程。这条发展轨迹,展示了包括生态哲学思想、生态经济思想、生态政治思想与生态社会学思想在内的丰富内涵。从中可以看出马克思在不同时期研究的不同领域以及由此形成的生态思想在整个生态思想发展的历史过程中的作用也不相同。生态哲学思想是生态思想历史发展的内核,它决定着生态思想发展轨迹的走向；生态经济思想是生态哲学思想在经济领域的具体应用；生态政治思想是马克思整个理论体系的批判性特质在生态思想上的集中表现；生态社会学思想实现了生态哲学思想在社会历史领域的拓展。马克思生态思想视域广阔,内涵丰富,从历史发展的角度全方位解读马克思生态思想,探寻并展示马克思生态思想的发展轨迹,既是对唯物史观的丰富和发展,也是对“马克思思想存在生态空场或生态断裂”、“唯物史观是当今生态危机的理论来源”、“马克思本质上是反生态的”等论调的有力批驳。马克思生态思想是现代生态史观重要的理论来源,确立马克思主义生态史观对于生态史学的发展和生态文明建设都具有重要的指导意义。透过马克思生态思想发展轨迹,我们可以领悟到马克思生态思想为生态与经济社会协同发展所确立的生态哲学、生态经济学、生态政治学、生态社会学发展原则,这些原则对于我们今天转变经济社会发展方式,实现生态、经济、政治、文化与社会“五位一体”协同发展具有重要的实践价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relationship between human and nature is a basic relationship in ecological study. The solving of ecological problems is not only a problem in practice, but also a problem in theory. Marxism as a kind of theory in guidance is always concern to it. In this context, the theory study on Marx’s ecological thoughts has also been increasingly deepening. Abide by the sequence of time, reading Marx’s works again to dig up the ecological connotation in each period, pursuing the inner discipline in Marx’s ecological thoughts development, is an important step in ecological theory study.Taking an overview of Marx’s works in each period of time, we can see that Marx discussed the ecological problems scattered in his works, but his ecological thoughts is very deep and the ecological thoughts have been developing with the development of historical materialism. The development of his ecological thoughts showed a trace which is from the thoughts of ecological philosophy to ecological economics and ecological politics then to the ecological sociology. This trace reflects Marx’s thinking way and process from abstract to concrete. It is also a process that Marx’s ecological thoughts increasingly from philosophical speculation to practice, during this process, its theoretical perspective increasingly expanding. This trace shows Marx’s ecological thoughts which include the thoughts of ecological philosophy, ecological economics, ecological politics and ecological sociology. From this trace, we can see Marx’s ecological thoughts in his different research fields in different period of time. These different ecological thoughts have different roles in the development trace. The ecological philosophy is the theoretical essence of all the ecological thoughts system, it decides the ecological thoughts’development direction; ecological economics is the specific embodiment of ecological philosophy in the field of economy; ecological politics concentrates Marx’s all theories’characteristics of criticism; ecological sociology makes Marx’s ecological thoughts expand to the field of social history development.Marx’s ecological thoughts have a broad horizon and rich contents. According to the sequence of history development, explaining Marx’s ecological thoughts from multi----perspectives to recover the development trace of Marx’s ecological thoughts is enrichment and development of Marx’s historical materialism. It is also a forceful refutation to the ideas such as "Marx’thoughts exists ecological vacancy or ecological break","historical materialism is the theory source of modern ecological crisis","Marx is anti----ecology in essence" and so on.Marx’s ecological thoughts is a kind of important theory resource of modern ecological historical view. To build up Marxism ecological history view is helpful the development modern ecological history, it is also helpful to socialism ecological civilization construction. From Marx’s ecological thoughts development trace, we can also see a series of ecological philosophics, ecological economics, ecological politics, ecological politics and ecological sociology principles. All these principles can help us reverse the development mode and guide us to develop collaboratively in the layout of "five in one " which includes the environment, economy, politics, culture and social life in socialism construction.更多还原