掺杂及碳包覆型二氧化钛纳米材料光催化及锂电性能研究

【作者】 李建江；

【导师】 宋国君；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 材料学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 层状钛酸纳米管具有大的比表面积、独特的管状和层状结构以及较强的离子交换能力,是材料科学研究领域中最活跃的研究方向之一。该类纳米管受热脱水可以生成纳米二氧化钛,其光催化活性高,充放电电压高,无毒,稳定性和安全性好,因此有望在光催化、锂离子电池电极材料、电化学电容器、太阳能电池等方面有广泛应用前景。本论文以锐钛矿型二氧化钛为起始物在碱液中进行水热反应,将所制备的产物经稀盐酸质子交换过程后得到质子型层状钛酸盐纳米管,研究了钛酸纳米管的物相组成、形貌及其在不同温度下进行热处理时的相变过程,研究结果表明,所得钛酸纳米管外径10-15nm,长度达数微米。以质子型钛酸纳米管为原料,以聚甲基氢硅氧烷(PMHS)为捆绑剂制备了高耐热稳定性二氧化钛纳米管,研究了PMHS的添加量、退火温度等因素对钛酸纳米管耐热性的影响；以高耐热稳定性二氧化钛纳米管为原料,采用化学气相沉积法制备了碳包覆的二氧化钛纳米复合材料,分别研究了不同温度下硅掺杂二氧化钛纳米管、硅掺杂及碳包覆后二氧化钛纳米管样品作为锂电池负极材料的电化学性能；研究了锡掺杂二氧化钛纳米管材料的电化学性能。以质子型钛酸纳米管为原料,采用离子交换法,分别利用锆、铌元素与钛酸纳米管进行离子交换,成功制备了锆掺杂、铌掺杂二氧化钛纳米光催化剂,分别研究了其物相结构、形貌、紫外可见吸收等性质；研究了其作为光催化剂可见光条件下降解二氯苯酚、罗丹明B、苯酚等的光催化效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Layered titanate nanotubes which has large specific surface area, unique tubular structure and layered structure and strong ability of ion exchange, is one of the most active research direction. The titanate nanoutes can transform into titanium dioxide nanomaterials after annealing, which has high photocatalytic ability, high charge and discharge voltage, non-toxic, good stability and safety, is often used in many apolicaitons ranging from photocatalysts, anode materials in lithium-ion battery, electrochemical capacity and solar cells.In this paper, layered protonated titanate nanotubes after ion exchange with dilute HC1were prepared by the alkaline hydrothermal method using anatase TiO2as the raw material. We have studied the phase structure, morphorogy and phase transform process at different annealing tempreture. The results show that the titanate naotube which can transform into anatase TiO2after annealing at600℃has the outer diameter of10-15nm, several micrometers length, and its morphorgy changed from nanoparticle into tubular structure.The titanium dioxide nanotubes with high thermal stability were prepared by toluene reflux using PMHS as the binding agent. We have studied the influence factors including the amout of PMHS and annealing temperature. Si-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes accompanying with carbon-coated through a CVD process were prepared. Electrochemical performance and thermal-gravematric property were examined. Electrochemical performance of Sn-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes were also evaluated.The titanium dioxide photocatysts doped by Zirconium and Niobium element respectively were successfully prepared by ion-exchange method. The morphorgy, phase structure, uv-vis property and the photocatalitic effect on dichlorophenol, rhodamine B, phenol in visible light were studied.更多还原