【作者】 姚传明；

【导师】 黄群英； 朱志强；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 ， 核能科学与工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 高温液态铅铋回路的建造和运行为第四代先进铅铋反应堆提供了相关实验数据和工程设计经验,具有重要的科研和工程价值。随着铅铋回路装置的复杂性不断增加,提高回路运行的安全性、最大程度地保证回路连续稳定运行成为铅铋回路运行技术的重要研究内容。本文以高温液态铅铋材料实验回路的控制系统和故障诊断系统为研究主题,分别对铅铋回路控制系统的数字化和虚拟化、控制系统冗余性和控制策略、控制系统的故障诊断进行了细致的研究,相关技术可以为铅铋回路的稳定运行提供有力的保障。主要研究内容包括：控制系统研究中,1)对高温液态铅铋回路换热、流量和加热控制进行了理论分析,为控制系统的设计和研究奠定了基础。2)在给出了回路运行特点和综合对比分析了PLC及数据采集卡控制系统的基础上,设计了以采用PLC与数据采集卡为主要硬件的回路数字化控制系统,该系统稳定可靠、自动化程度高且抗干扰能力强。基于虚拟化计算机技术,设计了虚拟化控制系统,实现了控制系统数据的网络化和应用桌面的无缝切换。进而在满足系统柔性的前提下,保证了控制系统的可靠性。3)在分析串并联冗余对系统可靠性、平均无故障时间影响的基础上,研究了以PLC CPU为研究对象的多冗余度对控制系统可靠性的影响。通过仿真分析,设计了采用双CPU的“先并后串”的系统冗余方案。4)在回路控制策略研究中,分析了PID的控制特点,并将变论域模糊自适应PID和积分分离式PID控制方法进行结合,设计了积分分离式变论域模糊PID控制方法。着重研究了该控制方法在电磁流量计加热系统中的应用,并通过理论仿真和实验两方面验证了该方法的可行性,且具有较强的稳定性和鲁棒性,为回路控制提供了一种新的策略。故障诊断研究中,1)分析了回路运行的故障机理,给出了回路安全等级和故障种类,并由此设计了回路现场层、系统层和网络层故障诊断系统。2)基于模糊逻辑推理理论,研究了回路电动阀门的故障诊断,获得了电动阀门的诊断策略。3)提出了基于数据趋势分析的故障诊断判据,通过理论分析和实验验证了判据的合理性,提高了诊断的可靠性。4)基于Web数据库和虚拟仪器技术,设计并实现了回路网络化故障诊断系统,结果表明,故障诊断系统可实时监控并诊断回路运行,无漏诊断和误诊断。更多还原

【Abstract】 Established and operation high temperature liquid lead-bismuth (LBE) loop for4th advanced lead-bisumuth reactor, it provides relation experimental data and experiences on engineering design. It has important value of engineering and scientific. As complexity of LBE facility is increasing, it is to ensuring loop operation reliability and operational integrity becomes an important research topic.The article takes control and fault diagnosis for high temperature liquid LBE loop as the research subject, with digital control, virtualization control, redundant control, fault diagonosis of sensors and actuators detailed study. And many important conclusions and innovative work has been obtained as well. Finally, it provides a strong guarantee for the LBE loop stable operation.To study control system of LBE loop, it consists of four parts.1) Theoretical analysis of LBE loop heat transfer, flow and heating control for high temperature liquid LBE loop, and it provides bases for the design and study of control system.2) Based on the running characteristic of loop and features of PLC and data acquisition card, implementation plan of the main hardware for the digital control system has been designed. The designed control system has the characteristics of control stable, automation level and strong anti-interference. Based on virtualization server, virtual control system for high temperature LBE material experimental loop has been presented, it achieves the network of the system data control, and monitored terminal of virtualized desktop seamlessly switch. And to meet the requirements of flexible control system of LBE loop, the reliability of monitoring system is improved.3) Based on the analysis the reliability of the control system for LBE material experimental loop, the influence of hardware and software redundancy for the system reliability and the mean-time-between-failures is discussed. This article focuses on the PLC CPU and simulates the plan of multi-redudancy system reliability. The redundancy scheme based on a two-CPU with series-parallel is presented.4) On the base of significantly study the control strategy, the characteristics of PID control is analyzed. Integral separate PID control and fuzzy PID control has been combined. And integral separate-fuzzy adaptive PID control is designed. It focuses on the use of PID control for LBE loop heating systems. The feasibility of combination the fuzzy adaptive PID and integral separate PID control scheme through the MATLAB simulation and experiment. The new control scheme of loop operation is provided.On the study of fault diagnosis, it consists of four parts components.1) The fault mechanism of loop operation is analyzed. In the meanwhile, the type and grade of the fault is presented, and three layers of the fault diagnosis system have been presented.2) The methods of fault diagnosis of actuators and sensors have been discussed, and fuzzy rules have been built through statistics data. The fault diagnosis system of electric valves and temperature sensors of experimental section has been simulated by fuzzy logic inference. The simulation results and the practical use results show that the reasonability and accuracy of the fault diagnosis scheme has been validated.3) The fault prognosis method of trend analysis is presented to estimate fault and reduce the faulure of the loop operation.4) Based on web database and virtual instruments technology, the network of fault diagnosis system has been realized. The practical use results show that the status of loop operation is monitored through fault diagnosis system, and the misdiagnosing of the system do not appear.更多还原