【作者】 郭铁；

【导师】 张创新；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 行政管理， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 切斯特巴纳德（Chester I. Barnard,1886—1961）是西方现代管理理论中社会系统学派的创始人，行为科学时期的代表。巴纳德的管理思想在组织理论上的突破和创新，至今几乎没有人能超越。巴纳德的行政管理思丰富了管理学和行政管理学理论，想对整个管理理论的发展起到极大的推动作用，为当今世界各国政府管理转型和重构提供了理论依据。本文运用文献分析法、比较分析法、系统分析法等办法进行了研究分析，从七个方面论述了巴纳德的行政管理思想。第一章，绪论本章主要阐明了为什么选择以巴纳德行政管理思想评析为题进行研究，并从揭示组织的本质及其最一般规律、提出组织系统观、建立非正式组织理论、明晰权威与信息交流关系以及搭建古典管理思想和行为思想的桥梁五个方面阐释了本文研究具有的理论价值；从牢固以人为本的服务理念、促进政府改革良性发展以及厘清领导职务公务员的职责方向三个方面论述了本文研究具有的现实意义；对国内外关于巴纳德管理思想的研究进行了梳理与述评，明确研究本文的价值所在；最后说明了本文写作的研究方法、逻辑框架以及可能产生的创新之处。第二章，巴纳德行政管理思想的起点——协作系统理论本章主要阐释了巴纳德协作系统理论。作为巴纳德行政管理思想的起点。巴纳德协作系统理论主要从三个方面进行了阐释。首先，阐述了巴纳德之前管理思想家对协作的认识——古典管理理论、霍桑实验与人际关系理论对协作的认识；其次，提出了巴纳德思想对人际关系理论的影响，对协作的认知；最后，从协作系统内涵、必要性及内在逻辑诠释了巴纳德协作系统理论体系。第三章，巴纳德行政管理思想的核心——组织理论本章主要阐释了巴纳德的组织理论。作为巴纳德行政管理思想的核心，巴纳德的组织理论主要从三个方面进行了论述。首先，梳理了巴纳德之前管理思想家对组织理论的认识；其次，说明了巴纳德的组织基本内涵，诠释了组织平衡论是巴纳德社会系统理论的核心；最后，分析了巴纳德组织理论的特点，巴纳德的组织结构思想具有动态性、系统性、人本主义以及道德责任特征。第三章，巴纳德行政管理思想的主线——权威理论本章主要阐释了巴纳德的权威理论，作为巴纳德行政管理思想的主线，巴纳德的权威接受理论主要从三个方面进行分析。首先，论述了巴纳德之前管理思想家的权威理论——制度权威理论和形势权威理论；其次，提出了巴纳德权威理论的人本观、权威理论的特点；最后，阐述了巴纳德的责任论，提出了巴纳德的责任优先说以及责任的道德性。第五章，巴纳德行政管理思想的关键——管理人员职能理论本章主要阐释了巴纳德的管理人员职能理论。作为巴纳德行政管理思想的关键，巴纳德管理人员的职能理论涵盖以下三个方面。首先，梳理了巴纳德之前的管理思想家对管理人员职能的认识；其次，从建立和维持组织沟通体系、促成和获得成员个人努力以及提出和制定组织目标等方面论述了巴纳德对管理人员职能的认知；最后，从组织的有效性与组织能率界定了评估管理人员执行职能的标准。第六章，巴纳德行政管理思想在行政管理领域中的应用本章主要阐释了巴纳德行政管理思想在行政管理实践中的应用。首先，从服务型政府的行政理论、服务精神及目标指向分析了巴纳德协作系统理论在行政管理领域中的应用；其次，从组织的三要素、组织平衡论以及组织理论的特点分析了巴纳德组织理论在行政管理领域中的应用；再次，从政府权威产生条件、政府权威产生的基础、政府权威产生的必然、政府权威产生的根本以及政府权威产生的支撑分析了巴纳德权威理论在行政管理领域中的应用；最后，从政府组织沟通体系与行政权力关系、政府人员的领导力以及行政领导者的协作分工分析了巴纳德经理人员职能理论在行政管理领域中的应用。第七章，巴纳德行政管理思想的历史超越本章主要阐述了巴纳德行政管理思想在管理学中的超越。首先，从理论起点、理论逻辑与理论影响论述了巴纳德在协作系统理论上的超越；其次，从研究组织的起点、视角、行为及体系分析了巴纳德在组织理论上超越；再次，从权威接受理论的视角和提出了无关心区域，分析了巴纳德在权威接受理论上的超越；最后，从现代人力资本理论发展和组织人事制度规范发展分析了巴纳德在管理人员职能理论上的超越。本文第二章至第五章中，分别对巴纳德之前的管理思想家在协作系统理论、组织理论、权威理论、管理人员职能理论方面的重要思想进行了梳理和归纳，并与巴纳德的行政管理思想进行比较，系统阐述巴纳德行政管理思想的主要内涵，总结出巴纳德行政管理思想的基本特点、创新点和突破点。第六章至第七章分别从协作系统理论、组织理论、权威理论、管理人员职能理论四个方面对巴纳德行政管理思想的应用及历史超越这两个问题进行了论述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chester Barnard (1886-1961), is the founder of the social system school in westernmodern management theory and behalf of behavioral science period. With richmanagement thoughts, he has made important contributions to the developmentorganization theory, where nearly no one can transcend. Barnard’s administrativethought played a significant role in promoting the development of the entiremanagement, enriched the management and administrative management theories, andprovided a theoretical basis for the transformation and reconstruction of the governmentmanagement for all the countries in the worldThe article expounded Barnard’s administrative ideas from seven aspects inliterature analysis, comparative analysis, and system analysis.The first chapter, IntroductionThis chapter mainly expounds why choose "Barnard’s administration thought" asthe title to study; and explains the theoretical value of this paper from five aspects:theBarnard’s administration thought reveals the nature and the most general law oforganization, puts forward organizational system view, establishes the theory ofinformal organizations, clears authority and information exchange relations and builds abridge between classical management thinking and behavior thought;and clarifies thatthis paper has practical significance from three aspects:firm the people-oriented serviceconcept, promote the benign development of the reform of the government and clarifythe responsibilities direction of leadership positions in the civil service; and Card andreview the study about the management thought of Barnard at home andabroad;definite the research value of this paper; finally,explains the research method, logic framework and the possible innovation of this paper.The second chapter, the starting point of Barnard’s administration thoughts--cooperative system theoryThis chapter mainly explains the theoretical system of Barnard’s cooperativesystem, as the starting point of Barnard’s administration thought. Interpretation of thetheoretical system of Barnard cooperative system is mainly from three aspects. First ofall, state the management thinkers’ understanding of cooperation before Barnard--classical management theory, and the interpersonal relationship and Hawthorneexperiment’s understanding of cooperation; secondly, put forward the influence ofBarnard thought on interpersonal relationship theory, and his understanding ofcooperation; finally, interpret the theoretical system of Barnard collaboration systemfrom the cooperative system’s connotation, necessity and the internal logical.The third chapter, the core of Barnard’s administration thoughts--organizationtheoryThis chapter mainly explains the organization theory system of Barnard, as thecore of Barnard’s administration thought. Discuss organization theory of Barnardmainly from three aspects. Firstly, combing the management thinkers’ understanding ontheory of organization before Barnard; secondly, illustrates the basic connotation ofBarnard’s organization theory, interpret that the organizational equilibrium theory is thecore of Barnard’s theory of social systems; finally, analysis the characteristics of theBarnard organization theory, and Barnard’s organization structure thought has thecharacteristics of dynamic, systematic, humanism and morality responsibility.The fourth chapter, the main line of Barnard’s administration thought--theauthority theoryThis chapter mainly explains the Barnard’s authority theoretical system, as themain line of Barnard’s administration thoughts, Barnard’s acceptance theory ofauthority system mainly analyze from three aspects analysis. First of all, discusses the theory of authority of management thinkers before Barnard--institutional authoritytheory and the situation of the authority theory; secondly, put forward the concept ofhuman of the Barnard’s theory of authority and characteristics of theory of authority;finally, discusses Barnard’s theory of liability, put forward Barnard’s the responsibilityof priority and moral responsibility.The fifth chapter, the key to Barnard’s thought of administration--managementfunction theoryThis chapter mainly explains Barnard’s management function theory system, as thekey to Barnard’s thought of administration. Barnard’s management function theorysystem covers the following three aspects. Firstly, combing management thinkers’understanding of management functions before Barnard; secondly, discusses Barnard’scognition of management functions from these aspects, such as: establish and maintainthe organization communication system; to obtain individual effort and put forward andestablish the objectives of the organization and so on; finally, define the standards whichevaluate executive function of management personnel fromthe effectiveness and efficiency of organization.The sixth chapter, the application of Barnard’s administration thought in the fieldof administration.This chapter mainly explains the application of Barnard’s thought of administrationin administrative practice. First of all, analyze the application of Barnard’s collaborationsystem theory in the field of administration from the service oriented governmentadministration theory, spirit of service and target application; secondly, analyzes theapplication of Barnard’s organization theory in the field of administration from the threefactors of organization, the organization balance theory and the characters oforganization theory; thirdly, analyze the application of Barnard’s authority theory in thefield of administration from the conditions of the government authority, basis of thegovernment authority, necessity of the government authority, essentiality of the government authority and support of the government authority; finally, analyzes theapplication of Barnard’s management function theory in the field of administration fromthe government communication system and administrative leadership power, and thecollaboration of administrative leader.The seventh chapter, the historical transcendence of Barnard’s administrationthoughtThis chapter mainly elaborates Barnard’s transcendence of thought ofadministration in the management. First, discuss Barnard’s transcendence in thecooperative system theory from the theoretical starting point, theoretical logic andInfluence of theory; secondly, analyze Barnard’s transcendence in organization theoryfrom the point,view, system, behavior of organization study; thirdly, analyze Barnard’stranscendence in authority acceptance theory from the new view on thinking ofauthority and putting forward no region of interest; finally, analyze Barnard’stranscendence in management function theory from the development of modern humancapital theory and development of standards and system of the organization andpersonnelFrom the chapter two to the fifth, the article reviewed and summarized the formermanagement thinkers’ related knowledge and thoughts about these theories, andcompared on the basis of Barnard’s administration thoughts, systematically expoundedthe main connotation of Barnard’s administrative ideas, summarized the characteristics,innovation and breakthrough points as well as the distinguished contributions of hisideas. The sixth chapter is about the application of his ideas in the administrative field.The seventh chapter is the beyond Barnard’s ideas. These two chapters discussed thetwo issues from the four aspects.更多还原