【作者】 李冬冬；

【导师】 许正良；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 伴随工业化的快速发展和全球范围内城市化进程的加速，我国的城市化进程已进入了一个全面发展的阶段。城市化一方面对城市经济系统概念框架中涵盖的社会、经济、交通、生产、科技以及文化的发展起到了重要的推动作用；另一方面，由于城市人口的持续增长和高度集中，消耗需求水平的不断增加，城市自身具有的代谢功能正在对自然界的生态平衡产生重大的影响和冲击，同时，也对人类的居住环境和生活质量产生各种不利影响。城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力作为人与自然发展复合系统中的两个重要子系统，它们相互作用、相互影响，共同促进城市的健康、快速及和谐发展。城市生态建设进程中，城市的人居环境优化应与城市经济竞争力的提升相互促进、和谐统一。然而，在传统能源消耗型的生产模式中，城市建设忽略了环境承载能力，以牺牲有限的资源与人类赖以生存的自然环境来推动城市的经济与社会发展。在全球温室效应、环境污染日益严重的警示下，城市应积极推进生态建设，关注环境污染治理问题，不断优化环境处理能力，努力实现城市物质、能量、信息的良性循环。只有通过城市生态建设，改善并优化人居环境，才能吸引更多的优势资源服务于城市经济水平提升，从而增强城市的综合竞争力。经济全球化对城市竞争力提出了新的要求，城市的竞争力尤其是经济竞争力已成为衡量城市在经济发展中表现优劣的度量标尺。因此，提升城市经济竞争力已成为城市发展的重要战略目标。通过城市经济竞争力的提升，可为城市生态建设提供多元融资渠道、提高环境污染治理效率及优化时空资源配置。因此，城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力相互作用、相互促进、共同发展。本论文从城市生态建设和城市经济竞争力两个子系统的相互作用关系入手，对其之间的协同作用关系进行了深入系统分析，从而试图探寻两者共同发展的协同机制。本论文的研究可为城市生态建设和城市经济竞争力的提升提供可借鉴的发展路径与思路，对城市经济社会的发展具有重要的现实意义。另外，文中侧重于研究城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力之间的内部作用机理与和谐共生关系，通过对两者协调性的研究可以为城市管理者提供可借鉴和可操作的策略方针与方法，因此，本论文的研究具有显著的现实指导意义。与此同时，本论文的研究从协同学的视角对城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力进行分析，丰富了社会协同学的理论体系，同时也扩展了城市生态建设、城市竞争力研究的理论系统框架，具有一定的理论研究价值。本文的研究的基本框架包括：（1）梳理相关研究文献的基础上，介绍了本文研究中应用的基本理论，其中包括：城市生态学理论、可持续发展理论、城市竞争力理论、系统工程理论和协同学理论，这些理论均是本文开展研究的基础。（2）文章通过对城市生态建设的相关概念“城市生态承载力”、“城市生态平衡与失衡”“城市生态建设”进行阐述，清晰界定了城市生态建设的系统框架，并通过6项内部驱动力和4项外对推动力对系统作用机理进行分析，最终确定了三个方面的核心要素：制度保障、环境污染治理及科技贡献率，并分别对三方面要素所涵盖的内容进行分析。尤其针对于环境污染治理与科技贡献率要素的分析中，采用了定量分析进行了测算。针对环境污染治理情况，从投入-产出的视角采用平行链式DEA模型对全国30个地区的城市环境污染效率进行了测算，并根据废水、废气和固体废弃物的污染治理效率进行了区域分布分析。另一方面，鉴于科技在城市生态建设中的重要作用，利用串联链式DEA模型对30个地区城市生态建设的科技贡献率进行了测算与分析，从而针对性的对各区域的科技贡献状况进行了分析。（3）参考了国内外城市竞争力研究的理论框架，如国外典型城市竞争力分析研究框架：彼得教授的多变量分解模型、丹尼斯教授大都市国际竞争力模型、Douglas Webster模型、Reiia Linnamaa的“城市经营”模型、Iain Begg的“迷宫”模型和波特教授的“产业竞争力”理论模型；国内城市竞争力的主要研究聚焦于北京国际城市发展研究院（IUD）的城市价值链理论模型、城市竞争力“弓弦”模型和GN中国城市综合竞争力模型框架。在对以上模型指标进行对比分析的基础上，提出城市经济竞争力四方面构成要素，即经济总量要素、产业结构要素、经济发展支撑要素和城市开放程度要素。并且针对每个要素的构成，对其涵盖的指标之间的关系与细化进行了进一步的分析。（4）提出城市复合系统中，经济发展、生态环境及人类社会的协同关系。在对城市协同系统进行结构分析与作用机理研究的基础上，就经济增长与生态环境之间的关系进行了阐述。在对城市协同系统进行分析的基础上，提出了城市协同系统理论框架下涵盖的生态、经济和社会的宏观系统模型，进行了作用关系研究。在对系统结构分析的基础上，针对1000多种不同的模型参数进行了仿真和详细的数值分析。分析的结果验证了本文提出的6项假设。并获得了3项有关各个子系统之间关系的结论：①在城市社会发展当中，生态环境即使不再是社会发展的主导因素，但是作为城市协同系统中唯一的自我正反馈系统，具有非常的功效；②在加强城市社会发展的同时，必须注重城市生态环境建设；③如果忽略环境因素，社会发展初期可能会有较大幅度的社会发展和经济增长，但是长期来看，当对环境的破坏程度超过了生态环境的自我修复和承载力时，最终会导致生态环境的逐步恶化，最终将给经济系统和人类社会带来很大的负面影响。文章将城市生态建设和城市经济竞争力放在一个分析框架中探寻其相互作用关系，为两者协同性的研究构建了研究基础。本文在协同仿真的基础上，提出了城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力协同机制，其中包括协同形成机制、协同运行机制及协同保障机制。（5）为进一步了解“我国城市生态建设的状况”及“城市生态建设与城市经济竞争力的协同程度”，本部分选择了100个我国重要的城市，并将城市经济竞争力和城市生态建设从投入-产出的角度进行了CCR效率测算，并根据协调分析方法测算了100个城市对应的城市经济竞争力与城市生态建设的协调状况，并根据协调度的差异性，将100个城市按照协调程度的不同划分为4个类别，即“高协同发展”、“良协同发展”、“中协同发展”和“差协同发展”四个类别，并针对性的进行了分析。（6）本部分根据前文分析的结果，针对性的提出了城市生态建设促进城市经济竞争力及城市经济竞争力促进生态建设的措施与对策。通过本章提出的政策与措施，可以协调城市综合系统中经济发展、社会进步和环境保护之间的协同关系，促进城市生存空间向更有序、更稳定的方向发展，实现人和自然的和谐共生。（7）最后以长春市作为实证分析的对象，提出长春市生态建设与经济竞争力协同管理的针对措施。首先对长春市的经济与生态建设状况进行了基本状况分析。通过长春市发展的基础数据和城市生态建设与经济竞争力协同评价结果分析，确定长春市处于二者“中协同程度”的水平。继而，从长春市生态建设和经济竞争力协同发展的视角，通过政府、企业和民众三个方面分析了他们对长春市的协同管理所采取的行动和问题的认知（对政府和企业的基本认知与行动的分析来源于专家访谈及企业调研的数据资料；民众认知和参与状况的分析采用的是长春市736份调研问卷统计数据），最终根据目前长春市生态建设和经济竞争力协同管理中存在的不足，提出了长春市生态建设与城市经济竞争力协同发展的管理的机制与措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of industrialization and accelerated urbanizationaround the world, China’s urbanization process has entered an unprecedented stageof comprehensive development. On one hand, urbanization, social, economic,transportation, manufacturing, technology and cultural development of citiescovered in the conceptual framework of the economic system has played animportant role; on the other hand, due to the continued growth of the urbanpopulation and the highly concentrated levels of consumption demand continues toincrease, the city itself has metabolic functions are the ecological balance of naturehave a significant influence and impact, while also produce a variety of adverseeffects on the environment and quality of life of human habitation. Urbanecological construction and urban economic competitiveness as a complex systemof man and the natural development of two important subsystems, they interact andinfluence each other, and jointly promote the healthy and rapid and harmoniousdevelopment of the city.Urban ecological construction process, the urban living environment tooptimize and upgrade the city should promote mutual economic competitiveness,harmony and unity. However, in the traditional energy-consuming mode ofproduction, the urban construction ignores the capacity of the environment at theexpense of limited resources and the natural environment for mankind’s survival topromote economic and social development of the city. Under global warming,environmental pollution, increasingly serious warning, the city should activelypromote eco-construction, attention to environmental pollution problems,constantly optimize the processing power of the environment, and strive to achievea virtuous cycle of urban material, energy and information. Only through urbanecological construction, improvement and optimization of the living environmentin order to attract more advantageous resources to improve the level of services inthe urban economy, thereby increasing the overall competitiveness of the city.Economic globalization on urban competitiveness put forward new demands,especially the competitiveness of the city’s economic competitiveness has become a measure of the merits of the city’s economic development performance metricruler. Therefore, to enhance the economic competitiveness of the city has becomean important strategic goal for urban development. By enhancing the economiccompetitiveness of the city, the city can provide diverse ecological constructionfinancing channels, to improve the efficiency and optimization of environmentalpollution control and space resources. Therefore, urban ecological constructionand urban economic competitiveness interaction, mutual promotion and commondevelopment. The paper will start with the interaction between urban ecologicalconstruction and urban economic competitiveness of two subsystems, the synergybetween its relations conducted in-depth system analysis, which attempts toexplore the common development of both collaborative mechanisms. Research ofthis paper can provide reference path and ideas for the development of theconstruction and upgrading of urban eco-city economic competitiveness, hasimportant practical implications for economic and social development of the city.In addition, the paper focuses on the study of the internal mechanism of thesymbiotic relationship between urban ecological construction and economiccompetitiveness between cities and harmony, can learn and can provide actionablestrategies and methods for urban development policy makers both throughcoordination of research Therefore, the research of this thesis has significantpractical significance. Meanwhile, research from the perspective of this paperwill be on Synergetics urban ecological construction and urban economiccompetitiveness analysis, enriching the social collaborative learning theoreticalsystem, but also expanded the urban ecological construction, the theoreticalframework of urban competitiveness study, has some theoretical research value.Through the study of the basic framework of this paper include:(1) combing the relevant research literature, this paper introduces the basicconcepts and theories of text study applications. The basic concepts are the basicconcepts of competitive cities and urban ecological construction defines whereurban ecological construction related concepts include: basic concepts ofecological carrying capacity of cities, urban ecological balance and imbalance,urban complex ecosystem, urban ecological construction and content; basicconcepts of urban competitiveness include: Meaning competitive urbancompetitiveness, the basic concept and connotation of urban economiccompetitiveness. At the same time, this chapter also apply to research in the theory (including: urban ecology theory, the theory of sustainable development,and competitive advantage theory, system engineering theory, collaborativelearning theory) elaborated accordingly.(2) to get the gap between China evolution trend of urban ecologicalconstruction and a model of the city at home and abroad. Through the concept ofthe origin and development of the city conducted a retrospective ecologicalconstruction, and the process of China’s eco-city construction tracked through theevolution of the urban ecosystem analysis, the internal driving force to promote itsdevelopment and external to the driving force. From the central government’smeasures to promote urban ecological processes, indicating2005-2012, China’surban ecological construction in a steady upward trend, the construction of thescope and scale of the radiating broader, more substantial construction, legal,regulatory and supervisory more perfect. Eco-city construction in accordancewith the light green, medium-green and dark green type of evolutionarydevelopment process, will experience a discrete form→Development→centerand continue to improve gradually advance towards the heart of the system→Network mode.In Berkeley, Curitiba, Brazil, Waitakere in New Zealand, Australia Whyalla,Copenhagen, Denmark, Erlangen, Germany, Kawasaki, Japan, Australia andHalifax, Austria Sun City United States as a model of urban ecological constructionabroad will its internal drive mode is divided into: promoting recycling economymode,"zero carbon" mode, bus guided, public participatory, community-driven,project-driven, government-oriented model, Technology Pilot mode. In a modelof urban ecological construction in our country, there have been several importantpatterns, such as: landscape garden patterns, forest-type pattern, coastal-type model,sunlight-type model, water-saving mode and tourist-type model. A typicalexample of combing and contrast according to domestic and international urbanecological construction and the corresponding modes of analysis carried out inorder to obtain a common urban ecological construction and the gap betweenChina and foreign eco-city construction exists for eco-city construction in Chinaproposed an improved direction.(3) the economic competitiveness of member cities in the framework offour-dimensional calculations. In urban competitiveness at home and abroad forthe theoretical framework and research paradigm combing technology, mainly targeted analysis of foreign typical urban competitiveness analysis framework:Professor Peter multivariate decomposition model, Professor Dennis metropolisinternational competitiveness model, Douglas Webster model, Reiia Linnamaa"city management" model, Iain Begg’s "Labyrinth" and Professor Porter’s model of"industrial competitiveness" theoretical model. The main domestic focus onurban competitiveness Beijing International Institute for Urban Development (IUD)theoretical model city of the value chain, comprehensive competitiveness modelframework City Competitiveness "bowstring" model and GN Chinese cities. In atypical study of urban competitiveness in domestic and international economiccompetitiveness, and by comparative analysis identified four forces supported byelements of the city’s economic competitiveness and related dimensions, namelythe total urban economy, urban economic development support force, the city’seconomic structure and extent of urban economic openness.(4) proposed urban complex systems, collaborative relationship betweeneconomic development, the natural environment and human society. In urbancooperative mechanism of the system were analyzed on the basis of the structureand role, on the relationship between economic growth and environmental qualitywere described. Based on the analysis of urban cooperative system, the proposedmacro-system model for the theoretical framework of the cooperative system underthe city covered by natural, economic and social momentum learn and use thesystem method of the model were studied in detail. On the basis of analysis of thestructure of the system for more than1000kinds of different model parameters anddetailed numerical simulation analysis. Verify the results of the analysispresented in this paper six assumptions. And get a conclusion about therelationship between the various subsystems3: In the urban social developmentamong the natural environment, even if no longer the dominant factor in socialdevelopment, but as the only urban cooperative system of self positive feedbacksystem, with very effectiveness; strengthening urban social development, we mustfocus on urban ecological environment construction environment; If you ignoreenvironmental factors, early social development may have greater socialdevelopment and economic growth, but in the long run, when the extent of damageto the environment than the self-healing capacity of the natural environment and,the final step will lead to further deterioration in the ecological environment, willbring great negative impact on the economy and human society. (5) access to urban ecological construction and comprehensive evaluation ofthe efficiency and economic competitiveness of the results of our collaborativelevel. To further understand the "Cities of ecological construction" and"coordination between urban ecological construction and urban economiccompetitiveness", from three aspects a comprehensive evaluation and calculationanalysis. First, for an important part of urban ecological construction-environmental pollution control from input-output using a parallel chainperspective DEA model of urban environmental efficiency of the country’s30regions were estimated according to the wastewater, waste gas and solid theefficiency of waste pollution were regional distribution analysis; Given theimportant role of science and technology in urban ecological construction, the useof science and technology series chain DEA model contribution rate30areas ofurban ecological construction was calculated and analyzed to targeted thecontribution of science and technology in the regions analyzed. Finally, choosethe100important cities in our country and the economic competitiveness of citiesand urban ecological construction from input-output angle of the CCR efficiencymeasure, and measure the coordination analysis method based on100citiescorrespond to the economic competitiveness of cities and coordinating theconstruction of urban ecological conditions, and in accordance with thecoordination of the differences, the100cities divided according to the differentdegrees of coordination for the four categories and targeted analyzes.(6) access to urban ecological construction and economic competitivenesspromoted by cooperative management mechanism and countermeasures. Urbanecological construction and urban economic competitiveness with complementary,mutually reinforcing effect, this paper analyzes the results of collaborative andcomprehensive evaluation of targeted urban ecological construction is proposed topromote economic competitiveness and promote economic competitiveness of thecity’s ecological construction measures and countermeasures. And synergiesfrom the eco-city construction and management of urban economiccompetitiveness perspective, the formation mechanisms were proposed cooperative,collaborative and cooperative security mechanism operating mechanism.Through policies and measures presented in this chapter, to coordinatecollaborative relationship between economic development, social progress and environmental protection between the city’s comprehensive system to promoteurban living space to a more orderly and stable direction, to achieve harmonybetween man and nature.(7) to obtain measures against Changchun ecological construction andeconomic competitiveness collaborative management. Changchun as an object ofempirical analysis, the first condition for economic and ecological construction inChangchun were the basic situation analysis, basic data illustrate the developmentof Changchun City Changchun Economic Development bottlenecks and ecologicalconstruction carried out in Changchun City basic activities and achievements.From the perspective of collaborative development and ecological construction inChangchun economic competitiveness, from government, business and the publicof its three aspects of cognition and action collaborative management ofChangchun City, where the government and the basic source of corporateawareness and action expert interviews were analyzed in the survey data andcorporate information, awareness and public participation are analyzed usingstatistical data736copies of the questionnaire survey carried out in ChangchunCity, and collaborative management according to the current Changchun ecologicalconstruction and economic competitiveness in the presence of deficiencies anddefects, collaborative management mechanism proposed in Changchun City ofecological construction and economic competitiveness.更多还原