【作者】 蔡臣；

【导师】 黄涛；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 市政工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 城市隧道工程,主要包括解决城市交通拥挤问题的地下铁道、公路隧道,或穿越障碍物的各种地下通道以及各种市政地下工程和地下人防设施等。随着我国城市建设的快速发展,城市规模不断扩大,城市人口密度持续增长,许多大城市存在人口膨胀、建筑空间狭小、城市绿化减少、交通拥挤、环境污染等一系列问题,其中交通阻塞已成为我国许多城市的突出问题。一方面经济与社会的发展促使城市集约化程度越来越高,另一方面城市建设迅速发展的结果使得城市市区可供利用的地面面积越来越少。要解决城市建设与土地资源不足的矛盾,以促进城市的可持续发展和环境保护,合理地开发利用地下空间是一条非常有效的解决这些问题的途径。因此修建城市隧道日益受到世界各国的重视。然而,隧道是修筑在具有一定应力履历和构造迹象的各种围岩介质中的一种洞室结构体系,地质环境为隧道工程的自然载体,其地质构造、岩土介质、地应力和水文地质等因素不仅控制着工程地质灾害的规模、频率与发育特征,而且直接影响隧址区的地面稳定性、深部稳定性、山体稳定性和围岩稳定性。正确地理解和掌握围岩基本特征,对围岩稳定性做出评价,不仅关系到隧道的设计和施工方案,而且还决定着整个隧道工程的造价,因此,为了确保隧道工程的稳定,保障工程安全施工,必须就隧道的水文地质条件及围岩稳定性等问题开展系统而深入的研究。论文以在建桃树坪、胡麻岭隧道工程为依托,针对复杂含水弱胶结砂岩围岩的特性,采用现场工程地质调查、现场监测和地质探测、室内试验、理论分析和数值计算等方法,全面、系统地研究了桃树坪、胡麻岭隧道的水文地质和工程地质特征,通过地质分析建立了数值计算模型,模拟计算了不同工况条件下岩体失稳与时间的定量关系,并针对隧道所在区域的特殊水文地质条件采用不同的数学方法对隧道围岩的稳定性做出了评价。论文的主要研究成果如下：1、通过对隧道所在区域的工程地质调查和地质探测所获得大量数据进行分析表明,桃树坪、胡麻岭隧道位于祁连褶皱系的秦祁中间隆起带东南端,区内主要受前震旦纪、阿森特—加里东、燕山和喜马拉雅四个构造旋迥的影响,隧道区地貌上属黄土台塬区,地表水不发育,主要为各种沟内季节性流水,补给来源主要为大气降水,水量较小,洞身经过区域多为复杂含水弱胶结砂岩,成岩作用差,对隧道的施工有较大影响。2、采用有限元法建立计算模型对隧道施工过程中的地层位移和围岩应力分布情况进行模拟计算,模拟结果显示隧道的开挖对其周围的岩体稳定性影响较大,并且随着暴露时间的延长围岩失稳的现象越来越明显。隧道洞身在穿越第三系沙岩所在区域时围岩失稳的现象最为明显。3、运用物元理论进行隧道围岩分级。首先确定评价指标(本文选用了岩石强度Rc、RQD值、岩体完整性Kv值、地下水状态),对指标参数值进行无量纲化处理,然后构造相应的经典域物元和节域物元,再确定各个指标的权重,最后通过关联函数得出相应的围岩级别。4、将神经网络评判法、模糊综合评判法的评价过程与物元理论评价过程进行对比分析,其结果表明运用物元模型对含水弱胶结砂岩隧道围岩稳定性进行评判分析,其方法是可行的,结论是可靠的。更多还原

【Abstract】 City Tunnel project, including various underground tunnels of the underground railway, highway tunnels, or through the obstacles to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion, as well as various municipal underground engineering and underground civil air defense facilities. With the rapid development of urban construction in China, the size of the cities continue to expand, and the continued growth of the urban population density, many large cities population expansion exists, narrow building space, urban greening to reduce traffic congestion, environmental pollution and a series of problems, including traffic congestion has become a outstanding problems in many of our cities. The tunnel is built in the surrounding rock medium with a certain stress resume and construct signs a cavern structure systems, to stress and hydro-geo-logical factors not only controls the magnitude, frequency, and developmental characteristics of the engineering geological disasters, but also directly affect the ground stability of the tunnel site, the stability of the deep, stability and the stability of surrounding rock of the mountain. Correctly understand and master the basic characteristics of surrounding rock stability of surrounding rock to make the evaluation, not only related to the tunnel design and construction program, but also determines the cost of the entire tunnel project, therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the tunnel project to ensure project construction safety, must be carried out on the tunnel hydro-geo-logical conditions and the surrounding rock stability of the system and in-depth research.Thesis in Cymbidium TAOshupin and HUmaling tunnel project as the basis of the geological survey of the field engineering, field monitoring and geological exploration, laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation methods, a comprehensive and systematic study of the peach Ping HU ma Ling tunnel hydro-geo-logical and engineering geological features, geological analysis to establish the numerical model, the simulated rock stability with time, the quantitative relationship under different water and different hydro-geo-logical conditions for the region of the tunnel mathematical methods to make the evaluation of the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock. The main research results are as follows:1.Large amounts of data on the region of the tunnel engineering geological survey and geological exploration analysis showed that the Taoshupin tinnel and HUmaling tunnel in the Qin QI middle, Qilian fold system uplift belt in the southeastern end of the region is mainly affected by the pre-SINIAN, ASSEN special-Caledonian, Yan Shan and Himalayan four tectonic cycle, the landscapes of the tunnel area of the loess Plateau of surface water development within each gully seasonal water supply the main source of atmospheric precipitation, compared with water small hole body through regional multi-Tertiary mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate, genesis poor have a greater impact on the construction of the tunnel.2.Using the finite element method computational model for simulation of the ground displacement in the tunnel construction process and the stress distribution, the simulation results show that the excavation of the tunnel influence the stability of the slope, and with the exposure time surrounding rock instability of the phenomenon become increasingly evident.3.Using matter-element theory of tunnel surrounding rock classification. First indicators of access to (the selection of rock strength RC, the RQD value, rock integrity KV value, groundwater status), dimensionless indicator parameter values, and then construct the corresponding classical field objects and sections of domain objects and then determine the weight of each index, and finally obtained through the correlation function corresponding level of the surrounding rock4.Through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of the evaluation process with the matter-element theory of the evaluation process compared the results show that the matter element model for analysis of tunnel surrounding rock stability, the method is feasible, the conclusion is reliable from the calculation process look, the law has a clear concept, a simple calculation to evaluate the results of high resolution and.更多还原