【作者】 霍传林；

【导师】 关道明；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 环境科学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 二氧化碳减排已成为当今国际社会的共识和一致努力的行动目标,二氧化碳海底封存则是实现二氧化碳减排的重要途径之一。鉴于二氧化碳海底地质封存将会对海洋领域节能减排工作的巨大潜在贡献,以及海底封存的诸多优点,并考虑到我国二氧化碳封存研究起步较晚,海底封存更是空白的现实情况,我们有必要紧跟国际步伐,做好相关技术研发和管理的前期储备工作。中国近海二氧化碳海底封存潜力评估和封存区域研究为我国逐步推进二氧化碳海底封存提供战略性规划目标,为国家实施二氧化碳海底地质封存提供战略决策依据和基础技术储备。本文首先简要介绍了二氧化碳捕集与封存(CCS)技术的基础理论,系统总结了CCS的国内外研究现状和主要封存实践,探讨了我国CCS的发展前景,主要分析了中国开展二氧化碳海底封存的必要性和可行性,并进行了利弊分析。通过借鉴国外成熟的方法,建立了适合中国国情的近海二氧化碳地质封存潜力评价方法,估算中国近海主要盆地的有效封存容量。建立了二氧化碳封存区域的生态环境敏感性／脆弱性评估方法,评估泄漏对二氧化碳海底封存的潜在生态环境影响。通过开展中国近海盆地封存适宜性、盆地封存容量、二氧化碳泄漏可能对海洋生态产生的风险、距大型排放源的距离等方面的研究,筛选出对封存区规划影响力较大的因子,建立二氧化碳海底封存区域规划指标体系与评估方法,开展中国近海二氧化碳海底封存区域研究。本论文研究发现,我国近岸分布有11个大型沉积盆地,封存总容量约为25,000亿吨,其中珠江口盆地、东海陆架盆地具有良好的封存适宜性,珠江口盆地综合评分最高,就封存容量和经济性而言,我国具有开展二氧化碳海底地质封存的良好条件。最后开展实例研究,总结在中国开展二氧化碳海底封存存在的应用瓶颈并提出相应的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reducing the carbon dioxide emissions has become the consensus and goals of the international community and the seabed sequestration of carbon dioxide is one important way to achieve the carbon dioxide emission reduction. The seabed sequestration of carbon dioxide has attracted extensive attention from the developed countries and the developing countries for its advantages and huge potential contributions to economize energy resources. The study on the potential evaluation and the storage areas of the carbon dioxide seabed storage in offshore China will provide strategic decision basis and technical reserves for the national seabed geological storage of carbon dioxide.In this paper, the based theory of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is presented and the research status at home and abroad and the main storage practices of CCS are summarized. The necessity and feasibility, the advantages and disadvantages of carbon dioxide storage in China are also analysised. By summarizing the method of foreign, the method of the potential evaluation of the carbon dioxide seabed storage in offshore China is established and the effective storage capacity of the offshore sedimentary basins is estimated. The methods of the ecological environment sensitivity and vulnerability assessment are established to assess the potential ecological environmental effect on the leakage of the carbon dioxide seabed storage. Moreover, the method of the regional research of the carbon dioxide seabed storage is established through the reseach of the storage suitability and the storage capacity of the the China offshore basins, the potential ecological environmental effect on the leakage of the carbon dioxide seabed storage and the distance to the emission sources.The results show that the total storage capacity of the eleven offshore basins is about25000×108tons. In these offshore basins the Pearl River Mouth basin and the East China Sea Basin have the best storage suitability. So China has a good condition for carrying out geological storage carbon dioxide. Finally, the main bottlenecks of the seabed storage of carbon dioxide are discussed and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are displayed.更多还原