【作者】 扈静；

【导师】 刘明周；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 工业工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 汽车离合器是汽车的重要操纵装置之一，其操纵舒适与否，直接影响汽车的操纵性能。关系到操纵者的工作效率、安全、舒适与健康，而目前着眼于汽车离合器操纵舒适性的度量及优化的研究较少。基于此，本文在分析操纵舒适性产生机理的基础上，提取汽车离合器操纵舒适性关键影响因子，构建舒适性指数以实现对汽车离合器操纵舒适性的有效度量，并以此为基础研究汽车离合器操纵舒适性优化方法，为汽车离合器操纵舒适性优化设计提供理论依据和技术支持。在离合器操纵过程中，操纵力力学特征和人体生理心理特征相互关联，本文在分析汽车离合器操纵舒适性产生机理的基础上，构建操纵力力学特征和人体生理心理特征之间的映射关系，分析揭示了汽车离合器的关键力学特征参数对操纵舒适性的影响机理。并通过分析人体生理心理特征参数，确定以局部肌肉疲劳、体压分布、关节受力等作为人体关键生物力学特征，据此探讨了其对操纵舒适性的影响机理。通过上述研究和分析，为后续操纵舒适性度量指标的定量描述提供理论依据。以汽车离合器的操纵舒适性度量为研究目标，分别基于汽车离合器力学特征和人体生物力学特征构建汽车离合器操纵舒适性指数。在分析汽车离合器踏板力和踏板行程对操纵舒适性影响规律的基础上，采用主成分分析法和价值函数理论构建汽车离合器操纵舒适性指数。该指数以操纵过程中操纵力的大小和行程为参数定量描述操纵舒适性，可用于度量离合踩踏过程中的操纵舒适性。根据操纵力力学特征和人体生理心理特征之间的映射关系，利用离合踩踏过程操纵力和行程等力学特征参数，反演研究分析其对人体作业姿势与关节受力产生的影响，进而依据人体关键生物力学特征构建操纵舒适性指数。由以上两种舒适性指数构成操纵舒适性无量纲度量指标体系，可以实现对汽车离合器操纵舒适性的量化描述。为获取构建汽车离合器操纵舒适性指标体系所需的各种离合器力学特征参数和人体生物力学特征参数，本文通过搭建汽车离合器操纵舒适性综合试验平台，成功实现汽车离合器操纵舒适性所需相关数据的采集、分析与处理，进而实现对汽车离合器操纵舒适性的综合度量与反馈优化设计，从而验证了本文所提方法的有效性和正确性。以某车型离合器为试验对象，利用本课题组自主研制的汽车操纵舒适性综合试验平台，结合前文所述的汽车离合器操纵舒适性度量方法，试验获得该离合器的操纵过程舒适性指数，分析离合器操纵过程中导致操纵者不舒适的环节及其影响因素，从而对离合器操纵机构进行反馈设计，最终给出基于操纵舒适性指数的优化设计方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automobile clutch is one of the important operating equipments in a car, and the manipulation comfort has a direct influence on the automotive manipulation performance, the work efficiency, the safety, the comfort and the health of the operator. But the measurement and optimization of the vehicle clutch from the point of the manipulation comfort are quite few. Based on this, in this dissertation, the production mechanism of the clutch manipulation comfort is studied, then the influence factors of the vehicle clutch manipulation comfort in the operating process are extracted. Further, the comfort index of the manipulation comfort is built to achieve the valid measurement of the vehicle clutch manipulation comfort performance. The optimization method of the vehicle clutch manipulation comfort is researched to provide theoretic reference and tech support for the optimal design of the vehicle clutch.In the process of using a clutch, mechanical characteristics of operating force and human physiological and psychological characteristics are interrelated. Based on the analysis of the production mechanism of the clutch manipulation comfort, mapping between mechanical characteristics of operating force and human physiological and psychological characteristics is established. The analysis reveals the clutch mechanical characteristics critical parameters’ impacts on manipulation comfort. By analyzing the parameters of human physiological and psychological characteristics, determine local muscle fatigue, body pressure distribution, joint force as the key biomechanical characteristics of human, accordingly discuss the effect on manipulating comfort. Through the above research and analysis, a theoretical basis for subsequent quantitative description of manipulation comfort metrics is provided.Regarding to the clutch manipulation comfort measure as our study target, the manipulation comfort indexes of the vehicle clutch are established based on mechanical characteristics of the vehicle clutch and biomechanical characteristics of human body respectively. On the basis of the analysis of the influences which automobile clutch pedal force and pedal stroke make on manipulation comfort, using principal component analysis and theory of value function to build automobile clutch manipulation comfort index. This index can be used to measure the operating comfort in the pressing process of the clutch, which means that the operating force and travel are served as parameters to describe the manipulation comfort performance. According to the mapping between mechanical characteristics of operating force and human physiological and psychological characteristics, using mechanical characteristic parameters such as the clutch operating force and travel in the clutch stampede process, inversely analyzing their influences on human’s operating gesture and force situation of the joints, and then build manipulation comfort index according to the key feature of human biomechanics. Dimensionless metric system of the operating comfort is established by the two proposed indexes above, this system can be used to realize the valid measurement of the vehicle clutch operating comfort performance.For acquiring all kinds of clutch mechanics characteristic parameters and the biological mechanics characteristic parameters needed for building automobile clutch manipulation of the comfort index,, complete the related needed data collection, analysis and processing of automobile clutch operating comfort through building comprehensive experiment platform of automobile clutch manipulating comfort. Thus achieve the comprehensive metrics and feedback optimal design of automobile clutch operating comfort. Then verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper.Taking a vehicle clutch as the test object, using our self-developed integrated experimental platform of automobile operating comfort, combine with the measurement methods of automobile clutch manipulation comfort which is mentioned above. The clutch comfort index of clutch operating process through testing and analysis is obtained, and the parts which lead to the operator uncomfort and the influencing factors in the manipulating process is analyzed. Thus,conduct feedback design for clutch operating mechanism. Eventually the optimal design based on manipulation of the comfort index is given.更多还原