【作者】 黄元国；

【导师】 张传燧；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 大学本科的教学质量直接决定一所大学的质量和声誉,无论世界一流大学,还是普通本科院校,莫不如此。然而,当今中国大学普遍缺乏对卓越的精神追求是一个不争的事实,平庸的大学校园文化使大学丧失了追求卓越的活力与动力。大学本科教学如何走出德性教育偏弱,教与学方法单一,课堂沉闷,学生思维能力和创新能力培养乏力,教学文化环境亟待改善等困境,是当今大学教学实践需要回应的现实问题。论文共分六章,第一章导论,在分析当今大学教学存在问题的基础上,对有关大学卓越教学的各种论述进行了综述,对大学、大学教学、大学卓越教学等相关概念进行了厘定。论文认为,大学卓越教学是指在民主平等自由开放的文化氛围中,大学教师与大学生共同结为学习共同体,经由一定的教学媒介,促进学生养成高尚品性,批判性思维能力与创新精神,突出的实践能力和开阔的学术视野的高级智力活动。第二章从大学卓越教学的理念、内涵及特性三个方面展开论述。从理念角度分析,人本教学、建构教学、创造教学、生命教学是支撑大学卓越教学的理念。从内涵方面分析,论文认为,大学独承传播知识、启迪智慧与弘扬德性之使命,大学卓越教学应是提升人性的创造性教学,是生成德性的教学,是教化生命的教学。这是大学卓越教学的本质之所在。大学教学具有崇高性、自由性、超越性、学术性等特性。朝向卓越的大学教学应树立起面向学生生命及其健康成长的教学理念,树立立足学生自我生命的生长进而关爱生命、发展生命、充实和完善生命的伦理卫价值观念,要求大学特别是大学教师在不断追求崇高的境界中引领学生走向卓越的心智生活,引导学生体认创造性存在的内在价值,在理解生命、领悟生命的同时促进理智德性和伦理德性的合一。论文第三章主要从历史学视角对大学卓越教学进行了考察。论文从中西两条线索展开。首先对西方中世纪的讲座式教学,哈佛大学课程改革,牛津导师制教学,密歇根大学教师教学发展中心等经验进行了梳理。接着对中国古代太学的教学,书院教学,西南联大的教学等经验进行了分析。在此基础上,论文分析认为,大学教学应有高远的追求,提升大学教师的教学能力是实施大学卓越教学的基础,大学课程是实施卓越教学的关键因素,改革教学方法是提高大学教学质量的重要环节,构建提升大学教学品质的教学文化是重要保障。在对中外大学卓越教学的历史经验分析基础上,论文第四章对大学卓越教学中的大学目标、大学教师、大学生、大学课程和大学文化等五个核心要素进行深入分析。集讲授者、学者和研究者于一身的大学教师应在促成学生生命走向丰盛的过程中履行自己的价值担当,教学担当和学术担当；大学生则应在大学教学过程中做好学习之道与学问之道的结合。大学课程教学注重意义生成,应注重学生批判性思维的培养。大学卓越教学的实施还需高品位的大学文化环境的支撑。论文第五章主要从大学卓越教学实施的视角,对华中科技大学"Dian团队”的双导师制项目驱动教学模式,杜维明教授在浙江大学课堂开展的对话教学,哈佛大学精细化教学模式等三个方面探讨了大学卓越教学实施形态,对如何创新大学生学习方式,改进教师教学方法和课堂教学技能等进行了深入探讨。论文第六章则从回归人性的理念引领,构建富有活力的教师教学发展机制,促进学生养成追求卓越的自主学习策略,围绕学生质疑精神和批判性思维培养进行课程设计,重建智慧型课堂,构建基于入的发展为目的的大学教学评价等方面对推进大学卓越教学的策略进行了深入探讨。本文认为,大学卓越教学应关注生命成长的过程与方式,关注生命成长的质量,这是大学卓越教学的追求。文章最后对大学卓越教学的标准问题进行了简要讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The quality of undergraduate teaching directly determines the quality of university and reputation, regardless of the world first-class university, or the ordinary colleges and universities. However, it is an indisputable fact that the University in China generally lack the spirit of the pursuit of excellence, mediocre university campus culture make it lost vitality and dynamism of the pursuit of excellence. How to walk out of lack of value education for undergraduate teaching, single teaching method and learning method, boring classroom, the plight of cultivating the students’ thinking ability and innovation ability, is the realistic problem to respond in today’s university teaching practice.The thesis consists of six chapters. The first chapter, on the basis of the analysis of existing problems of today’s university teaching, analyzes various viewpoints among history of teaching excellence in university. It probe the the university, university teaching, teaching excellence in university and other related concepts. Teaching excellence in university, refers to activities in which among the democratic, equal, free and open cultural atmosphere o, university teachers and students together for the learning community, promote students to develop noble character, critical thinking ability, outstanding practical ability and creative spirit, broad academic vision.The second chapter mainly discusses from concept, the connotation, and characteristics of teaching excellence in university. Analysis from the idea, idea of the construction of teaching, human-based creativity teaching, life teaching uphold teaching excellence in university.From the connotation analysis, the university, hold the mission of the dissemination of knowledge, lightening of wisdom and promotion of the virtue. Teaching excellence in university should be based on the people, enhance people. It’s creative teaching to enhance human, the generation of moral teaching, life teaching. This is the essence of teaching excellence in university. Lofty, freedom, transcendence, academic are characteristics of teaching excellence in university.Towards excellence in university teaching should be set up for teaching idea of the healthy growth of students’life, set up ethical values of life based on the growth of the students, and life of development, enrichment and perfect. It also proposed that university teachers should lead students to excellent mental life, to guide the student to realize intrinsic value of the existence of creativity, to understand life, as well as promote the rational unity of virtue and morality in the pursuit of lofty realm.Papers probes the theoretical basis of university teaching excellence from two dimensions of humanism and constructivism.The third chapter mainly investigate from the perspective of history of teaching excellence in university both in western and In China. Firstly, it probe the lecture on the Mid Ages, curriculum reform of Harvard University, tutor teaching in Oxford University, experience from Center for Rearch on Learning and Teaching of Michigan;then the Chinese ancient imperial college of education, teaching of the Ancient Academy, teaching experience from Southwest Associated University are analyzed. It maintains that university teaching should have lofty pursuit. Promoting university teacher’s teaching ability, design university curriculum, reform teaching method are key factors in implementation of excellent teaching and very important to improve the quality of university teaching. Constracting the university teaching culture of premoting teaching quality is an important guarantee for teaching excellence in university.Under the basis from the history of experiences of Sino-Foreign University, the fourth chapter probe deeply five core elements of teaching excellence in university including the aims of teaching,university teachers, undergraduates, university curriculum and university culture University teachers,as well as scholars and researchers should lead students to a life in the process of fulfilling their value, bear the responsibilities for value, teaching and academy; undergraduate should do good job on combination of the way for learning and studying. University teaching should focus on the meaning generation and cultivation of students’critical thinking. The implementation of teaching excellence in university also need high quality environmental culture to support.The fifth chapter mainly discuss about the implementation form of teaching excellence from the perspective of process, including Teaching Mode of Double Tutorial System Project-based Driving in CentralSouth University of Science and Technology, Dialogue Teaching in classroom of Zhejiang University lectured by Professor Du Weiming, The Refined Teaching Mode in Harved University,as well as on how to innovate college students mode, improving teaching methods and teaching skills.The sixth chapter discuss deeply about the recurrence of the humanistic idea, construction of vital teaching development mechanism, autonomous learning strategies promoting students’pursuit of excellence, curriculum design focusing on student questioning spirit and critical thinking training, intelligent classroom reconstruction, university teaching evaluation for the purpose of human development.In the end, teaching excellence in university should focus on the process and way of life, pay attention to the quality of life. Standard of teaching excellence in university is briefly discussed to further study.更多还原