【作者】 屈学书；

【导师】 冯子标；

【作者基本信息】 山西财经大学 ， 政治经济学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 工业化是生产力不断提高、不断进步的过程，是一国从传统走向现代的必经之路。经过多年发展，我国已进入工业化中期的后半阶段，但必须认识到我国的工业化还不是高水平的工业化，因为工业化的发展还未带动农业的同步发展。当前条件下，我国很多地区农业生产方式还相对落后，还是自给自足的小农生产经营方式，农业科技、大型农业机械等现代农业生产方式在很多地区运用较少，农业现代化进程缓慢。党的十八大提出工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化“四化”同步发展的新型工业化和农业现代化道路。我国实行的家庭联产承包经营责任制对农业的发展曾发挥了巨大作用，但在当前生产力发展的条件下也暴露出土地规模小，细碎化严重，小农意识强，农业收入增长缓慢等弊端。新型工业化道路要求必须适当改进现行农业生产关系，以适应生产力的发展。市场经济的发展也客观要求农地经营制度必须实现规模化生产、商品化经营。我国陆续出台的相关法律和文件逐步为农地的适度规模经营提供了政策支持，促使家庭农场等新型规模经营主体适应生产力发展的需要应运而生。我国家庭农场发展刚开始起步，相关的系统研究还不成熟。本文紧紧围绕什么是家庭农场？为什么要发展家庭农场？如何发展家庭农场这一逻辑，运用马克思主义政治经济学、西方经济学、农业经济学、发展经济学、制度经济学等相关理论，通过理论分析、实证分析、案例分析、比较分析等研究方法，重点对家庭农场的概念、内涵、性质，家庭农场的优势，家庭农场发展的必要性，家庭农场对策建议等问题进行了研究。论文分析了我国家庭农场的产生与发展现状，分析了家庭农场经营与农业生产、土地流转的关系，并通过与农业集体经营制度、家庭联产承包经营责任制、专业大户、农民专业合作社、农业企业的比较，区分了家庭农场与这几种农业制度和农业经营组织形式的边界。家庭农场既是家庭经营主体，又是规模化生产商品化经营主体，既是“注册登记”的市场经营主体，又是组织结构严密的“法人化”组织。本文还着重从生产力发展要求、农业生产的二重性特点、制度变迁、技术进步、农业适度规模经营、农民转型等六个方面研究了家庭农场发展的必要性。在此基础上也从农村土地流转、农民转型、市场决定性作用、政府支持等方面提出了家庭农场发展的对策建议，并分析了家庭农场构建中应注意的问题。文章还通过对美国、法国、日本等国家家庭农场发展经验的研究，提出对我国的借鉴。同时也通过分析我国政府主导下的上海松江家庭农场模式、市场主导下的浙江宁波家庭农场模式、市场引领政府扶持下的安徽郎溪家庭农场模式三个典型案例，用例证说明了家庭农场是促进我国农业现代化实现的重要农业组织形式。本文可能的创新之处主要有三点：一、从家庭经营和新型农业经营组织的角度提出了家庭农场的概念，并分析了其内涵和性质。二、从生产力发展、农业生产特点、制度变迁、技术进步、适度规模、农民转型等多角度研究了我国家庭农场的必要性。三、对比分析了家庭农场与农业集体经营制度、家庭联产承包经营责任制、专业大户、农民专业合作社、农业企业的优势，并区分了家庭农场与这几种农业制度和农业经营组织的边界。从机会成本的角度划分了家庭农场适度规模经营的边界。由于家庭农场发展在我国还是新鲜事物，详细的统计数据还比较缺乏，论文研究还是突出了定性分析，定量分析运用较少，在一定程度上还不够严谨。今后随着统计数据的完善，还将进一步深化相关的定量研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrialization is the process of increasing productivity and progress, is the onlyway to make a country from traditional to modern. After many years development,China has entered the latter stage of the mid-industrialization, but it must be recognizedthat the industrialization of our country is not a high level of industrialization,for thedevelopment of the industrialization is not driving the synchronous development ofagriculture. Under current conditions, the agricultural production in many regions ofour country is still relatively backward, or the self-sufficiency of smallholder productionand management, agricultural technology, agricultural machinery and other large-scalemodern agricultural production methods use less in many areas, agriculturalmodernization is still slow.The18th national congress of the CPC put forward the new road toindustrialization and modernization of agriculture that industrialization, informatization,urbanization, agricultural modernization simultaneous development. The currenthousehold contract management responsibility system has played a huge role for thedevelopment of agriculture, but it also exposed some agricultural disadvantages andother defects in the current development of productive forces such as small land size,fragmentation seriously, farmerist strong, slow growth in farm income etc.A new road toindustrialization requirements must be appropriate to improve the current agriculturalproduction relations, so as to adapt to the development of productivity. Thedevelopment of market economy is the objective requirement of farmland managementsystem must realize large-scale production and commercialization. Relevant laws anddocuments in our country have been gradually to provide policy support for themoderate scale management of agricultural land, the family farm and other new mainscale operation to meet the need of the development of the productive forces emerge asthe times require.The development of family farms in China has just started,the relevant systemresearch is still not mature. This paper study on the logic what is the family farm, whyshould the development of family farms, how to develop the family farm. Using thetheory of Marx’s political economics, western economics, agriculturaleconomics,development economics, institutional economics,through theoretical analysis, empirical analysis, case analysis,comparative analysis and other research methods,focus on the concept of the family farm,connotation, nature,the advantages of familyfarm, the necessity of the development of family farms,family farms countermeasuresare studied. Based on the analysis of the emergence and development of family farms inChina,the paper analyzes the relationship between the family farm management andagricultural production, land transfer, and by comparison with the agricultural collectivebusiness system,the household contract responsibility system, professional skills,professional farmers cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, to distinguish the familyfarm and the agricultural system and agricultural management forms the boundary. Thefamily farm is not only the family management as the main body, but also thelarge-scale production of commercial management main body,is not onlythe"registration" market management main body, but also the organizational structure oftight " legal person " organization.This paper also focuses on the necessity of the development of family farms fromthe development of productive forces, the dual characteristics of the agriculturalproduction, institutional change, technological progress, the scale management ofagriculture, farmers’ transformation six aspects. On this basis, the paper puts forwardsome countermeasures and suggestions on the development of family farms from theaspects of the circulation of rural land, farmers’ transformation, market effect,government support, this article also analyzes the family farm should pay attention tothe problem of constructing. The article also studies the development experiences ofAmerican, French, Japanese family farms,puts forward some references for our country.analysis two typical cases of the Shanghai Songjiang family farm model under theleadership of the government and Zhejiang Ningbo family farm model under marketeconomy. illustrates the family farm is an important form of agricultural organization torealize agricultural modernization in our country.There are three major innovations in this paper: First, the article explains theconcept of the family farm from family management and new agricultural managementorganization perspective, and analysis of its content and nature. Second, the articlestudies the necessity of the development of family farms from multi-angles such as thedevelopment of productive forces, the dual characteristics of the agricultural production,institutional change, technological progress, the moderate scale management offarmland, farmers’ transformation,and so on.Third, the article analyzes the advantagesof family farms compared with the operating system of agricultural collective, the household contract responsibility system, professional skills, professional farmerscooperatives, agricultural enterprises,agricultural enterprises. It distinguishes theboundaries of family farms, agricultural systems and the agricultural operationorganizations.it calculates the appropriate scale of operation of the boundary of familyfarm from the perspective of opportunity cost.Due to the family farm development in China relatively late, detailed statisticaldata are lacking, the research highlights the qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis israletively small, to some extent, the article is not rigorous enough. With theimprovement of statistics, the article will further deepen relevant quantitativeresearch in the future.更多还原