【作者】 谭丹；

【导师】 王忠伟；

【作者基本信息】 中南林业科技大学 ， 森林工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 我国农产品种类繁多,粮食、油料、糖料、水果、蔬菜、肉类、禽蛋、奶类、棉花、茶叶等农产品的产量都比较大,农产品物流需求旺盛。然而我国的农产品供应链发展水平仍处于初级水平。农产品供应链面临着以环保、安全、高效为目标进行整合升级的紧迫任务。在农产品流通的过程中采用绿色供应链的模式,从信息共享、风险管理、利益分配的角度研究集成化农产品绿色供应链的运行机制是减少农产品流通过程中对环境产生的负效应,保证农产品的质量安全,提高供应链效率,增加供应链利润的有效途径。本文主要进行了以下研究工作：①在分析我国农产品供应链运行现状与存在问题的基础上,分析了构建集成化农产品绿色供应链的动因和可行性,采用模型分析法构建了农产品供应链绿色集成过程模型。②对集成化农产品绿色供应链信息共享要件进行了分析,从业务模式、业务架构和业务流程的角度设计了集成化农产品绿色供应链信息共享运营模式,在构建集成化农产品绿色供应链信息共享模型的基础上进行了共享效应的讨论。③从知识溢出视角下、信息对称情形下、动态博弈前提下构建了集成化农产品绿色供应链的风险管理模型,在一定的假设基础上,对相关的市场参与者收益、成本收益、均衡策略、均衡结果进行了分析,并从农产品绿色供应链上下游厂商利益最大化的角度,分析了相应的风险管理机制。④从投入水平、农产品质量安全、环境效益贡献和经济效益贡献和努力程度等五个方面探讨利益分配的影响因素,构建相应的利益分配模型。在混合经营模式、专业化分工模式、专业化兼绩效对比模式等三种不同的模式下研究集成化农产品绿色供应链的利益分配机制,并对这三种模式下的利益分配机制进行了对比分析。通过原理和数理分析,本文得到以下主要研究结论：①集成化农产品绿色供应链系统平台的信息共享须有优于简单的供应链协同或方案集成等模式的运行特征。对于农产品绿色供应链而言,信息共享会带来供应商上下游厂商的收益增加。信任基础上的信息共享会导致改善流动资金的水平,并有益于改善破产的情况。在偏好信任、偏好价格、偏好随机这三种供应链伙伴选择机制中,偏好信任是最好的选择,可以最大程度上改善供应链网络中的流动资本。信息共享在几乎所有情形下都将明显改善整体供应链网络的流动资金,并且同时可以适度减轻供应链网络破产的可能性。②在知识溢出背景下,对于技术外溢效应和“干中学”效应越明显的农产品绿色生产项目,上游供应商更愿意合作,充分利用知识溢出效应,通过农产品绿色供应链的集成化,获得更大的收益。高风险的绿色农产品生产,会给供应链上游供应商带来较高的风险回报。当上游供应商的风险偏好给定,下游加工商的风险偏好越靠近规避型时,此时上游供应商的风险回报越高。低风险型绿色农产品的风险回报要低于高风险型绿色农产品时的风险回报,但整体趋势是相同的。信息对称情形下,农产品绿色供应链风险管理机制的制定,将需要评估上游供应商和下游加工商的风险偏好。在信息不对称情形下,成本系数越高时,上游供应商的激励分成和风险承担系数越大；绿色投入的产出方差越大,上游厂商的激励分成和风险承担系数越大；下游加工商的风险偏好越偏向于风险规避型,上游供应商的激励分成和风险承担系数越大；下游加工商的风险偏好越偏向于风险偏好型,上游供应商的激励分成和风险承担系数越小。③当存在多任务时,农产品绿色供应链的下游加工商应实行有区别的激励,使得上游供应商是否加入农产品绿色供应链这一任务时的激励和其他任务时的激励是不同的。与无绩效对比情形对比,通过过滤影响农产品绿色供应链上游供应商产出的共同冲击,引入绩效对比可以降低上游供应商面临的系统性风险,从而可以进行更强的激励。在专业化分工模式下,绩效对比情形下农产品绿色供应链的利益分配机制对下游加工商更有利。专业化分工模式相对于混合经营模式而言,对农产品绿色供应链下游加工商的利益分配总是占优的。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s agricultural products have a wide variety. The yield of grain, oil, sugar, fruit, vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, cotton, tea and other agricultural products is relatively high. The demand of agricultural products logistics is huge. However, the development of agri-supply chain products is still at the primary level. The agri-supply chain is facing the urgent task of integration upgrade, taking the environmental protection, safety, high efficiency as the goal. Adopting green supply chain model in the process of the circulation of agricultural products, studying on the operation mechanism of green supply chain of agri-products from the aspects of information sharing, risk management and benefit allocation, is an effective way to reduce the negative effect on environment in the course of agricultural products circulation, to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, to improve supply chain efficiency, and to increase the profit of the supply chain.This paper mainly carries out the following research work:①Based on the analysis of the supply chain operation situation and existing problems of China’s agricultural products, the motivation and feasibility of green supply chain of agri-products integration are analyzed, and the model of the integration process of green supply chain of agri-products is established by using model analysis method.②The information sharing elements of the integrated green supply chain of agri-products are analyzed, and the operation mode of information sharing of the integrated agri-green supply chain is constructed from the perspective of business model, business structure and business process. The effects of sharing based on the construction of information sharing model of integrated green supply chain of agri-products are also discussed.③The risk management models of integrated green supply chain of agri-products are constructed from the perspective of knowledge spillover, information symmetry and dynamic game. Based on some hypothesis, the benefits of the relative market participants, the cost benefits, the equilibrium strategy, the equilibrium results are analyzed, and the relevant risk management mechanism are analyzed from the point of view of maximizing the benefits of upstream and downstream enterprises of green supply chain of agri-products.④The impact factors on the benefits allocation from the five aspects of input level, the quality and safety of agricultural products, the contribution to environmental benefits, the contribution to economic benefits, and the level of efforts, are discussed, and the benefit allocation model is also established. The benefit allocation mechanism is studied from the perspective of the mixed operation mode, the specialization mode, and the professionalization and performance comparison mode. The comparative analysis is also carried out on the three kinds of mode of benefits distribution.Through theory and mathematical analysis, this paper obtains following conclusions:①The information sharing of integrated green supply chain of agri-products platform must have superior operating characteristics, compared to the simple supply chain coordination or integration models. For the green supply chain of agri-products, information sharing will increase the earnings of the upstream and downstream enterprises. The information sharing based on the trust can improve the level of capital flows, and is beneficial to the improvement of bankruptcy. In the three mechanisms of selecting supply chain partner from the aspects of preference of trust, preference of price, preference at random, preference of trust is the best choice. It can improve the flow capital of supply chain network at maximum extent. Information sharing can significantly improve the capital flow of overall supply chain network almost in all situation, and also can moderately reduce the possibility of bankruptcy of the supply chain network.②In the background of knowledge spillovers, the more obvious of technology spillover effects and the "learning by doing" effects of the project of green production of agricultural products, the more willingness of the cooperation do the upstream suppliers have. They make full use of the knowledge spillover effect, through the integrated green supply chain of agri-products, to obtain more benefits. In the case of information symmetric, the establishment of risk management mechanism of green supply chain of agri-products needs to assess the risk preference of upstream suppliers and downstream processors. The production of green agricultural products with high risk will bring the upstream suppliers of supply chain higher risk-return. When the risk preference of upstream suppliers is given and the risk preference of downstream processors is close to risk aversion, the upstream suppliers will get higher risk-return. The risk-return of green agricultural products with low risk is lower than the risk-return of green agricultural products with high risk, but the overall trend is the same. In the case of information asymmetry, the higher cost coefficient, the greater coefficient of the incentive sharing and risk bearing of upstream suppliers. The greater the variance of green input and output, the greater coefficient of the incentive sharing and risk bearing of the upstream enterprises. The more risk aversion of downstream processors, the greater coefficient of the incentive sharing and risk bearing of upstream suppliers. The more risk preference of downstream processors, the smaller coefficient of the incentive sharing and risk bearing of upstream suppliers.③When there are multiple tasks, the downstream processors of green supply chain of agri-products should implement differentiated incentive policy, making the decision of upstream suppliers whether to join the green supply chain of agri-products or taking other tasks become different. Compared with case of no performance comparison, filtering the effect of common shocks from the upstream supplier of green supply chain of agri-products, the introduction of performance contrast can reduce systemic risk faced upstream suppliers, so that a stronger incentive can be made. In the specialized division mode, the benefits allocation mechanism of green supply chain of agri-products is more favorable to downstream processors with performance comparison. Compared with mixed operation mode, the benefits allocation of the downstream processors of green supply chain of agri-products under the specialized division mode is always dominant.更多还原