【作者】 高文苗；

【导师】 万斌； 马建青；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 网络言论行为问题已经日益成为社会关注的热点问题,不仅关系到人的发展,又能影响着社会的安定和谐。自由是网络言论行为的活力源泉,又是解决网络言论行为问题的关键。以马克思自由观作为视阈来研究网络言论行为,不仅能够给网络言论行为诸多问题的解决提供理论依据与适用基础,而且也有助于深化网络言论行为的理论探索与实践探讨。基于此,本文在全面分析马克思自由观实质内涵的基础上,主要从五个部分对网络言论行为展开全方位的深入研究。第一部分旨在研究“网络言论行为是什么”,主要探究网络言论行为的内涵、性质、特点与作用等,立足于四个基本要素,对网络言论行为的主体、客体、介体和环体进行了深入细致的分析,并着重将网络言论行为与网络言语行为、网络出版行为、网络信息传播行为等关联行为予以异同分析。第二部分旨在研究“网络言论行为应当怎么样”,主要围绕着真、善、美等三种价值目标而展开,将网络言论行为的“真”归结为思想意识的真实表达、民情民意的真实反映和网络信息的真实可靠；将网络言论行为的“善”归结为合法性、责任性与公益性；将网络言论行为的“美”归结为促进网络社会环境的美化、网络社会人的发展以及人的价值实现。第三部分旨在研究“网络言论行为受什么影响以及有什么失范问题”,主要对人的思想与意识、人性与性格、人的动机与需要等内在影响因素予以探讨,对网络技术发展、现实社会关系、自然环境与社会发展等外在影响因素予以分析,并将网络言论行为失范的实质归结为自由与秩序的失衡,而将其失范的缘由归结为网络言论行为主体自律性不强和网络言论行为他律性不足。同时,将网络言论行为的失范形式归结为网络言语暴力、网络造谣传谣和网络人肉搜索等情况,将失范类型归结为侵犯个人权利类、危害国家安全类和破坏社会秩序类。第四部分旨在研究“网络言论行为应当如何规制”,重点围绕网络言论行为的规制目的、原因、原则、标准、技术、方法和措施等方面予以深入分析。其中,规制目的在于保障网络言论自由的有效行使以及促进网络言论自由的不断发展,并将规制措施归结为法律规定、道德规范、网络行业自律规范、网络实名措施。第五部分旨在以高校学生为例研究“网络言论行为的重要主体与教育引导”,依托于高校学生的网络生活,从提升高校学生的基本素养入手,将网络言论行为作为网络思想政治教育的基本对象和媒介素养教育的关联对象,充分发挥网络思想政治教育的外在引导作用以及媒介素养教育的内在调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of Internet speech behavior has increasingly become a hot issue of social concern, not only relates with human development, but also affects the social stability and harmony. Freedom is the fountainhead in Internet speech behavior, and also it’s the key to solve the problem of Internet speech behavior. From the perspective of Marx’s view of freedom to research Internet speech behavior, not only can provide a theoretical and applicable basis to solve the problem caused by Internet speech behavior, but also can benefit for theoretical and practical exploration of Internet speech behavior. Thus, based on a comprehensive analysis of Marx’s view of freedom, this paper mainly studied the Internet speech behavior from five parts. The first part is to study "what is the Internet speech behavior", mainly research its connotation, nature, characteristics, functions and so on. Based on the four basic elements, in-deep analysis was conducted looking into the main body, the object, the mediator and the ring body of Internet speech behavior, which focusing on the analysis of similarities and differences among Internet speech behavior, Internet verbal behavior, Internet publishing behavior, Internet information dissemination behavior, etc. The second part is to study "how the Internet speech behavior should be", mainly discussed around three value goals, which are the true, the good and the beautiful. The true of Internet speech behavior is attributed to the true expression of ideology, the real reflection of public opinion, and the reliability of network information. The good of Internet speech behavior is concluded as legality, responsibility and public benefit. The beautiful of Internet speech behavior is attributed to promote a glorified Internet social environment, human development and realization of human value. The third part is to research "Internet speech behavior influenced by what factors and what is the problem of anomie ", mainly to explore internal factors such as the human idea and consciousness, the human nature and personality, and the human motivation and demand, and to analyze external factors such as the development of network technology, real social relations, the natural environment and the social development. Thus, the substance of Internet speech behavior anomie is the imbalance between freedom and order, and the reason is attributed to the weak self-discipline of the subject of Internet speech behavior and the lack of heteronomy in Internet speech behavior. At the same time, the Internet speech behavior anomie is summarized into these main forms:network language violence, network rumor and Internet human flesh search. Also, the Internet speech behavior anomie has three types:violating individual rights, endangering national security and disrupting social order. The fourth part is to research "how Internet speech behavior should be regulated", mainly made in-deep analysis of regulation objective, reason, principle, standard, technique, method and measures of Internet speech behavior. Among them, the objective of regulation is not only to protect the Internet free speech is effectively performed, but also could promote the development of freedom of speech on the Internet. And the measures of regulation include legal regulations, norms of morality, network industry self-regulation norms, the real name network measures. The fifth part is to study "the important subject and education of Internet speech behavior" using the university students as example, relying on university students’ network life, starting from improving the basic literacy of university students, regarding Internet speech behavior as the basic object of Internet ideological and political education and the associated object of media literacy education, giving full play to the external guiding function of Internet ideological and political education and the internal regulating effect of media literacy education.更多还原