【作者】 刘春；

【导师】 冯开文；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业经济史， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 上世纪90年代以来,我国开始迈入老龄化社会,养老问题成为关系整个社会稳定和可持续发展的重要课题。社会养老保障是完善社会主义市场经济制度的基本内容,是现代化进程中必须解决好的基本经济和社会问题,其发展水平也是实现全面小康社会的重要指标,是推动科学发展、构建和谐社会的有力保证。因此,有必要对我国农村老年保障制度发展历程进行历史回顾,研究农村养老保障的历史沿革及其发展规律,构建和完善切实可行的农村养老保障制度和政策体系,实现社会保障公平、普惠、共享目标的客观要求,保障农村老人老有所养。本文紧紧把握我国农村养老保障制度变革规律的特点,综合历史和文化因素对内蒙古农村养老保障制度变迁进行研究,总结内蒙古农村养老保障制度变革的特征与历史启示,并在此基础上提出完善内蒙古农村养老保障制度的对策建议。论文由三部分组成,第一部分(第一章)提出问题和分析框架；第二部分(第二、三、四章)主要回顾了我国农村养老保障变革历程,评述了变革特点,研究了建国以来内蒙古的农村养老保障制度变革特点以及农村养老保障水平变迁；第三部分(第五章、第六章)论证了内蒙古农村养老保障制度变迁的总体特征和历史启示,提出了完善内蒙古农村牧区养老保障制度的对策建议。本文综合运用了历史学、经济学等学科的理论和分析方法,站在新中国成立以来整个国家的养老保障事业产生、发展、变革、再发展的历史视角下,在把握我国经济社会发展历程及其规律对全社会养老保障影响的基础上,总结我国养老保障变革规律及其对社会文明进步的作用,着重对建国以来内蒙古农村养老保障制度变革进行研究,勾勒边疆少数民族自治区农村养老保障事业发展图景,探索区域发展水平与养老保障变革的相关性,从而找出内蒙古经济、社会、民族、传统等因素对养老制度的多重影响作用及其相互关系,并得出以下结论：内蒙古传统养老保障观念深厚,始终发挥着重要作用。其养老保障受自然条件和经济发展的制约,发展不足是其主要矛盾,现行新型农村和城镇居民社会养老保险制度保障水平偏低,难以发挥养老作用,对农村牧区养老体系建设支撑能力不足。同时,内蒙古地域辽阔,农村牧区居住分散,养老保险制度运行成本高。党的十六大以来,党和国家越来越重视农村养老保障问题。出台了一系列重大决策部署推动农村养老保障发展,建立和完善农村养老保障制度已成为当前农村工作的重要内容。内蒙古应在落实中央政策的基础上,从地区经济发展能力出发,充分发挥政府的主导作用,进一步完善内蒙古农村牧区养老保障制度,突破二元结构制约,建立起一个多元化的农村牧区养老保障体系,以保持农村社会的长期稳定、快速发展和进步。多元化的农村牧区养老保障体系,主要包括多元化的保障主体、多元化的保障资金筹集渠道和多元化的保障制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 China has entered the aging society since the1990s. The support for the aged has become an important issue related with the social stability and sustainable development. Social security for the old aged is basic for improving the socialist market economic system. Also it is the prime economic and social problems which must be solved in the process of modernization. Its level is an important index for the all-round well-off society and the strong guarantee to promote the scientific development and to build the harmonious society. Therefore, it is necessary to retrospect the history of the rural old-age security system in our country and to study the evolution and the developing law of rural old-age security. And then we construct and improve the feasible rural old-age security system and policy system so as to achieve the goal of fairness, generalized preferential treatment and sharing of the social security and thus to ensure that the rural elderly can be looked after properly.The change of the old-age security system in Inner Mongolia involving the historical and cultural factors is studied referring to the characteristics of the rural old-age security system change in China. The characteristics and historical enlightenment of the old-age security system reform in rural Inner Mongolia are summarized. And then the policy recommendations to improve the old-age security system in rural Inner Mongolia are put forward. There are three parts in the paper. First the question and analysis framework are proposed. Second, the change of China’s rural old-age security is reviewed, the characteristics of the change are analyzed and the characteristics of the rural old-age security system reform and the change of the old-age security level in Inner Mongolia since1949are explored. Third the main features and historical enlightenment of old-age security system change in rural Inner Mongolia are demonstrated.The theory and analysis methods of history, economics etc. are adopted in the paper. The law of the old-age security reform and its function on the progress of society and civilization are summarized on the historical perspective of the production, development, change and redevelopment of the old-age security of China since its founding and on the basis of economic and social development and its effect on the old-age security. The emphasis is put on the old-age security system reform in rural Inner Mongolia. The development prospect of rural old-age security in ethnic autonomous region is outlined. The relationship between the level of regional development and old-age security reform is inspected. And then the multi effects of the economic, social, ethnic and traditional factors on the old-age security system are found in Inner Mongolia. And the following conclusions are reached.The traditional idea of old-age security in Inner Mongolia is deep which has always played an important role. The old-age security is restricted by natural conditions and economic development. The deficiency in development is the main contradiction. The level of security of the current rural and urban resident pension insurance system is so low that it is difficult to work well for the elderly and hard to support the construction of the pension system in rural and pastoral areas. At the same time, the cost of the pension insurance system is high as Inner Mongolia has a vast territory and the rural and pastoral residents live scattered.Since16th national party congress, the party and the country have paid more attention to the problem of rural old-age security. A series of polices are issued to promote the development of the rural old-age security. The establishment and improvement of the rural old-age security system have become an important rural work. The government should play the dominant role in improving the rural old-age security system in Inner Mongolia based on the implementation of the policy of the country and the regional economic development in Inner Mongolia. The restriction of the dual structure should be broken. And a pluralistic rural old-age security system should be established so as to maintain the long-term stability, rapid development and progress of the rural society. The pluralistic rural old-age security system includes pluralistic agents of security, pluralistic financing channels and pluralistic security institutions.更多还原