【作者】 李倩；

【导师】 姜春云； 李小云；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农村发展与管理， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 失地农民是我国快速城市化背景下产生的一个特殊而庞大的群体,在城市化进程中,村落在物理形态上悄然消失,作为一个延续了几千年的社会群体,农民是否会在城市化的大潮下走向终结?这个问题学界一直存在不同看法。本研究采用实地研究的方式,运用参与观察、无结构访谈等具体方法对北京拆迁上楼十年以上的失地农民进行了调查,试图呈现失地农民目前的市民化状态,并分析影响这一群体市民化进程的因素,从而探讨农民是否会走向终结这个问题。本文从结构与文化两个方面对失地农民市民化问题进行了呈现,就目前的状况而言,外部客观的结构性因素,具体表现在社会因素、经济因素和制度因素无一不在对失地农民群体造成挤压,使其分别在社会交往、经济收入、社会空间、生活空间和制度保障上与市民产生区隔；内部的文化性因素,具体表现在基于乡土文化和人际联系方式的社会交往、基于文化差异的身份认同、农民特有的社会记忆以及乡土生活习惯的延续,又在文化层面上客观地区分着失地农民和市民,并且强化着失地农民的农民身份认同和行为。综上,外在结构和内部文化两大因素相互形塑,并共同构建了失地农民目前的状态,不断生产和强化着失地农民与市民之间的区隔和分化,从而造成都市中村民的存在,与之伴随的,城市空间中存在着具有相对明确界限的、有凝聚力的村落场域,即城市中的“亚文化圈”。所以,城市中农民的存在并不依托于物理形态上村落的存在,也不是户籍意义上的存在,而是文化意义上的存在。但由于失地农民群体内部分化的产生以及结构与文化内化程度的个体差异,失地农民群体的市民化也会产生个体差异性结果。但从本研究来看,仍然作为都市中乡民的失地农民占有绝对数量,所以,笔者认为,城市化进程中,虽然村落消失了,但农民将在很长时间内从文化意义上仍然存在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land-lost peasants are special and large groups, which are arising under the background of China’s rapid urbanization. During the process of urbanization, villages quietly disappeared in actual, but as the groups of thousands of years, will the groups of farmers be ended in the trend of urbanization? This issue has been discussing in a long time. This study is in method of field research of land-lost farmers, which have been forced to move in the city for more than a decade. Through participant observation, unstructured interviews, we try to show the current state of their citizenship, analyze the factors that influencing the process of their urbanization, and discuss whether farmers will come to an end.In this paper, the extent of the citizenship were presented and discussed in two aspects:social structure and the culture characteristic of land-lost farmers. On the current situation, the external objective structural factors, such as social factors, economic factors and institutional factors, caused extrusion of land-lost farmers, estrangement with urban residents in aspect of social interaction, income, living space and institutional arrangements. The internal cultural factors, such as social interaction based on local culture and interpersonal contact, identity based on different cultural, special social memory of farmers, continuation of local lifestyles. These objectives distinguish the land-lost farmers from urban population on the cultural level, and enhanced with the identity and behavior of land-lost farmers.In summary, the interaction between the external structure and internal culture builds the current state of land-lost farmers, continually to strengthen the estrangement and differentiation between land-lost farmers from urban population. It results the relatively village fields with clear boundaries in urban space. That means the existence of urban farmers. This issue depends neither on the physical form of the village, nor on their "Hukou"(registered permanent residence), but the existence of cultural level.更多还原