【作者】 唐伟；

【导师】 孟繁华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2014， 博士

【副题名】湘楚文化视野下的1978-2013湖南小说研究

【摘要】 上世纪七十年代末的社会主义政治危机，以及由此带来的经济、社会危机，让劫后余生的中国改革势在必行。莫应丰与古华两位湖南作家分别以《将军吟》、《芙蓉镇》两部长篇小说传递了“改革”中国的早期先声：前者在社会主义政治危机层面回应了政治改革的迫切，政治危机在《将军吟》中主要表征为“由谁指挥枪”。而综合创作时间和发表时间来看，《将军吟》也是第一部揭露否定文革的长篇小说；后者则从社会主义社会危机角度直面中国改革的必要性和紧迫性，社会危机在《芙蓉镇》中主要表征为传统风俗的溃败，因此，我们看到小说后来有一节的标题就叫“新风恶俗”。八十年代中期，在面向世界开放的全球化竞争语境中，“春江水暖鸭先知”的当代文学首当其冲遭遇了“走向世界”的身份危机与文学话语危机，在此背景下，敢为人先的韩少功以后撤的步调寻根当代文学的中国文化身份，而残雪则以激进的姿态步西方现代主义文学后尘。两位湖南作家各自以其独具特色的小说创作，试图建立起中国当代文学与世界文学的精神关联。90年代中后期，伴随社会主义市场经济快速发展的同时，中国当代文学与当代社会则陷入了深刻的双重“断裂”危机之中，王跃文与阎真两位湖南作家再次当仁不让，率先发难。第三章首先要分析的中国特殊的市场经济，即对中国的社会主义市场经济做一个概念的把握。90年代以来的市场经济既然有别于历史的民国时期的市场经济，也有别与当下的资本主义市场经济。因为社会主义的政治规定性是中国市场经济的前提。即从政治角度或许才是我们讨论中国市场经济的一个可行路径。从某种意义上说，正是当代中国每次大的社会或文学的“危机”时刻，为湘楚文化精神的凸显提供了恰逢其时的发生机制，秉持经世致用与理想浪漫的湘楚文化精神的湖南作家，每次都是在“危机”时刻挺身而出，践履当代文人的责任担当，积极参与中国当代社会与文学的重建。论文最后一章在共时的层面，围绕乡土中国和市井中国来阐释湖南小说的乡土叙事与市井叙事。在乡土中国的湖南景观中，本文以“碾坊”和“集镇”为讨论对象，剥离出乡土中国的湖南地方特色。在市井中国一节中，主要以何顿与何立伟两位长沙作家为例，首先以麻将为考察中心，试图阐明90年代以来中国这样一个市井文化空间的存在，继而以长沙市民的主要日常生活为考察对象，勾勒出市井中国的长沙风情。在本文中，小说湖南与当代中国的逻辑关联表述为，在当代中国的整体问题视域下，湘楚文化的危机感应意识，有效地缝合贯穿国家/社会现代性与美学现代性间的遥相呼应，而与此同时，本文又是以文学/美学言说为支点来完成（小说湖南）对“改革开放”、“社会主义市场经济”意识形态（当代中国）的反思重构。换言之，区域文学的审美叙事，在当代中国的认知框架中，转化为文化政治意义的“地方性知识”，而“当代中国”的政治经济学叙述，则在区域文学文化视角的讨论下，逐渐显明出自身的歧义与复杂，矛盾与裂痕。更多还原

【Abstract】 Of socialist political crisis in the late1970s, as well as the turn of the economicand social crisis, and s for survivors of China’s reform, mo should be abundant andche two hunan writers on general "Yin","furong town" two novels passed "reform" ofChina’s early stage: the former is a socialist political response to the crisis level ofpolitical reform urgently; The latter from the perspective of the socialist society crisisface to face with the necessity and urgency of the reform in China, the social crisis inthe "furong town" main characterization for the defeat of traditional customs, so wecan see the title of the novel and then one day is called "fresh air is unfamiliar.In the mid-eighty-s, open to the world in the context of global competition,"everything duck prophet" bear the brunt of the contemporary literature in the "world"of the identity of the crisis and the crisis of literary discourse, in this context, dare tohan shaogong to retreat the pace of roots of contemporary literature of China’s culturalidentity, while cx to follow western modernism literature’s aggressive stance. Twohunan writers respectively with its unique novel creation, trying to build up the spiritof the Chinese contemporary literature and world literature.In mid and late90s, along with the rapid development of socialist marketeconomy at the same time, Chinese contemporary literature and the contemporarysociety fell into deep "rupture" crisis, Wang Yuewen with yan zhen two hunan writerscame out, took the lead. The third chapter will first analysis of the special marketeconomy in China, for China’s socialism market economy do a grasp of the concept.Since the90s since market economy is different from the historical period of therepublic of China’s market economy, also different with the capitalist market economy.Because of the socialist political stipulation is the precondition of China’s marketeconomy. That is, from the political Angle may be we are talking about a feasible pathof China’s market economy. In a sense, it is contemporary Chinese each big momentof society or the "crisis" of literature, as xiang chu culture spirit of highlight providestimely mechanism, grasps ethos connoted and ideal romantic spirit of xiang chu culture of hunan writers, stand up every time is in "crisis", emphasizing thecontemporary literati’s responsibility to bear, actively participate in the reconstructionof contemporary Chinese society and literature.The last chapter in the synchronic level, around the local China and ordinaryChinese to illustrate hunan vernacular narrative the common narrative of the novel. Inrural China hunan landscape, taking "grain mill" and "town" as the discussion object,local characteristics of hunan from rural China. In ordinary Chinese section, mainlyfor any meal and He Liwei two changsha writers, for example, first examine themahjong as the center, trying to clarify China since the90s the existence of such acivic culture space, and then to changsha citizens living as investigation object, drawthe outline of the changsha of ordinary Chinese amorous feelings.In this article, a novel hunan are expressed in connection with the logic ofcontemporary China, the overall problem of horizon, in contemporary China, thecrisis of xiang chu culture consciousness effectively stitching throughout thecountry/echo each other at a distance between social modernity and aestheticmodernity, and at the same time, this article is to literary/aesthetic expression as thefulcrum to complete (novel) in hunan province to "reform and opening up","thesocialist market economy" ideological reflection refactoring () in contemporary China.Aesthetic narrative, in other words, the regional literature in contemporary China’scognitive framework, into a cultural and political significance of "local knowledge",and "contemporary Chinese" political economics, is under the discussion of regionalliterature culture Angle of view, gradually revealed its ambiguity and complex,contradiction and cracks.更多还原