【作者】 刘贵友；

【导师】 齐庆杰；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 双鸭山矿区是我国特大煤炭矿区之一,年产煤炭1360万吨。随着矿井高产高效建设和综采配套设备的工艺创新,工作面单产大幅度提高。综采工作面是煤矿产尘量最大的作业场所,粉尘浓度超过国家卫生标准数十倍甚至上百倍,严重的威胁井下职工的身体健康和生命安全。因此,综采工作面的粉尘防治已成为当前煤矿安全工作的重点和难题之一。本文根据相关标准和要求,对双鸭山矿区东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面的粉尘特性、浓度和分散度进行了现场测试和实验室分析,得到了综采工作面粉尘浓度和分散度沿程分布规律和特征。建立了综采工作面粉尘分布与运移的气固两相流数学模型,给出了数学模型的边界条件和解法,采用FLUENT6.3模拟分析了割煤时粉尘运动和粉尘浓度分布规律,同时分析了工作面风速和煤尘湿润性对粉尘浓度分布的影响。根据东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面尘源特点,提出煤层高压注水减尘联合工作面高压自动喷雾降尘的二级综合降尘技术思路。在煤层高压注水防尘机理分析和东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面综采工作面煤层注水试验的基础上,建立了高压水在煤体中渗流的数学模型,数值模拟分析了高压水在煤体中的流动规律及其对煤体的湿润效果,确定了合理的煤层高压注水压力、注水钻孔间距等工艺参数,提出并实施了煤层高压注水方案,工作面减尘率达到72.1%。分析了高压喷雾降尘的影响因素,阐述了高压喷雾降尘机理；基于单个液滴碰撞截留效率理论,建立了喷雾液滴群总捕尘效率模型；通过模型计算,系统研究了高压喷嘴直径、喷雾压力与降尘效率之间的关系,给出了东荣二矿南二下延十八层七面工作面高压喷雾降尘系统的合理压力和喷嘴直径；针对工作面尘源分布特点,设计并研发了综采工作面高压自动喷雾降尘系统和设备,并应用于现场实际,取得了81.3%的降尘效率。在双鸭山矿区三个综采工作面实施应用了煤层高压注水减尘联合工作面高压自动喷雾降尘的二级综合降尘技术,总降尘率达到了93.3%-94.8%,实现了综采工作面粉尘的有效防治。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shuangyashan mining area is one of the especially large coal mining area in China, where an annual output of13.6million tons of coal. Yield of coal face has improved significantly, with high yield and efficient mine construction and mining equipment technology innovation. Mechanized mining face was the largest of producing dust capacity in coal mine, when it had been working where dust concentration was more dozens of times on even one hundred times than national health standards, which was seriously threat to the underground staffs life safety and health. So dust prevention and control of mechanized top-coal caving face has become one of the currently and difficultly problem on coal mine safety work.According to the relevant standards and requirements, field testing and laboratory analysis on characteristics and concentration and dispersion of dust about Dongron second mine extension under18storey South7of fully mechanized coal face, we had found the along distribution regularity and characteristic of concentration and dispersion of dust at fully mechanized coal face. In order to establishment of dust distribution and migration of mathematical models of gas-solid phase flow at fully mechanized coal face,we gave boundary conditions and the solution of the mathematical model to FLUENT6.3software, using for simulation analysis on distribution and concentration of dust when was working. At the same time, we analysis on the wind speed and wettability of coal face effects on dust concentration distribution. According to the characteristics of Dongron second mine extension under18storey South7of fully mechanized mining face, we have comed up with a secondary comphrehensive dust-settling technology that coal seam high-pressure water injection dustfall combine with fully mechanized coal face in dust suppression by high pressure spraying.Mechanism analysis on high-pressure water injection dust prevention and basis on coal seam water injection test of Dongron second mine extension under18storey South7of fully mechanized coal face, we had been set up the mathematical model of high pressure water seepage in the coal and being nμmerical simulation analysis of the high pressure water flow in the coal law and wetting effect of coal body. We had raised reasonable pressure of coal seam water injection pressure and spacing of water injection drilling process parameters and carried out scheme of coal seam high pressure water injection, which effect of dust removing reduction rete up to65%-75%at working face. Analyzed the influence factors of dust suppression by high pressure spraying and mechanism of dust suppression by high pressure spraying; Based on the single droplet collision intercept efficiency theory, we had been established spray droplets group total efficiency model; By model calculation, studing on the relationship high pressure nozzles diameter and sprary pressure between dust removel efficiency. We had a conclusion that Dongron second mine extension under18storey South7of fully mechanized coal face the reasonably pressure of dust suppression by high pressure spraying system of nozzles diameter of sprary and dust reduction system; According to the distribution characteristics of dust in fully mechanized coal face, designing and develop system and equipment of dust suppression by automatic high pressure spraying. We had carried out the system of dust suppression by automatic high pressure spraying, and analysis and evaluate dust suppression effect.We had carried out the technology of coal seam high-pressure water injection dustfall combine with fully mechanized coal face in dust suppression by high pressure spraying in three fully mechanized coal face of Shuangyashan mining area, which effect of total dust removing reduction rete up to88%-93%at working face. So useing this way that can effectily governance of dust of fully mechanized mining face.更多还原