【作者】 李文华；

【导师】 刘景泉；

【作者基本信息】 南开大学 ， 中共党史， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 能源是支撑人类文明进步与现代社会发展的基本物质保障,既是经济资源,更是战略资源和政治资源。改革开放以来,以邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛为代表的中国共产党人,始终将能源发展确定为经济社会可持续发展的战略重点,并坚持把能源发展战略置于国家发展战略的重要位置。进入21世纪,随着经济全球化进程的不断加快,世界能源供需格局的深刻变化,能源价格持续攀升和地缘政治形势极不稳定等因素,使世界各国对能源发展战略和能源安全保障的重视程度都更为广泛和深入。作为当今世界上人口最多、经济增长最快的发展中国家,我国能源发展历经改革开放以来的不懈努力,取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。然而近年来,随着我国工业化、城镇化进程持续加速,城乡居民消费结构的升级换代,我国传统能源资源的约束瓶颈日益显现,环境与气候变化的压力不断增大,能源消费增长过快与能源结构调整进展缓慢等制约因素,决定了未来能源发展的供需矛盾、结构矛盾将长期存在,我国正面临着改革开放以来最严峻的能源挑战。能源发展的安全、稳定、清洁、高效,事关国家的长治久安与中华民族的伟大复兴。全力保障我国能源资源持续健康发展,既是维护经济社会持续健康发展和全面建成小康社会的必然要求,也是实现我国现代化建设战略目标和全面推进社会主义生态文明建设的必然要求。当前,如何科学认识和全面把握世界能源发展趋势；如何以全球视野和战略思维谋划我国能源发展全局；如何走出一条中国特色新型能源发展道路,以较小的能源资源和环境代价,实现现代化建设的战略目标,是我们党和政府所必须认真思考并积极应对的重大战略课题。本文尝试以哲学的视野、历史的视野、实践的视野以及全球化的视野,坚持中共党史的研究角度,立足中国能源发展所处的具体历史阶段,概要阐述了我国能源资源的蕴藏情况以及能源供需现状和发展趋势；考察了新时期国家能源发展战略转变的历史脉络以及影响其发展的国内外因素；分析了新世纪新阶段我国主要化石能源和可再生能源的利用现状以及存在的难点问题；研究了世界主要国家能源战略的基本特点、发展经验与重点启示；探讨了我国能源可持续发展战略重点与全面建成小康社会之间的辩证关系,重点论述我国能源可持续发展与解决煤炭、石油、天然气发展问题的内在联系。旨在探索我国改革发展关键时期优化能源结构、转变能源供给方式、提高能源利用效率、确保能源安全的目标和途径；文章还针对建立科学的能源资源开发利用机制、完善能源管理体制机制、促进能源发展和管理步入法制化轨道、激发我国能源领域体制创新和技术创新的巨大潜力等方面加以辩证思考,尝试为我国能源事业的发展和进步提出思路和建议。论文通过考察改革开放以来我国能源发展战略的转变轨迹,分析我国能源发展战略不断与时俱进的时代背景,借鉴世界主要国家能源发展战略的基本经验。论文认为在全球能源资源和环境约束不断加剧、国际竞争日趋激烈的形势下,要确保为我国经济社会可持续发展提供强有力的能源保障,就必须坚持以科学发展为主题,以加快转变经济发展方式为主线,坚定不移地继续推进能源体制改革,持续扩大能源领域对外开放,统筹利用好国际国内两种资源和两个市场,努力形成生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展方式,加快建设节约高效、多元发展、清洁环保、科技先行、国际合作的中国特色能源发展道路。在坚持平等互惠、互利共赢的原则下,不断增强与各能源生产国、消费国和国际能源组织的务实合作,共同推动世界能源的可持续发展,这样才能顺利实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy is to support the progress of human civilization and the modern basic material safeguard of social development, energy is not only an economic resources, but also strategic resources and political resources. Since China’s reform and opening up, represented by deng Xiaoping, jiang zemin, and hu jintao energy development of the Chinese communists will always determine the strategic focus of for sustainable economic and social development, and stick to the energy development strategy under the national development strategy important position. Since the21st century, along with the economic globalization process accelerating, the profound change of the pattern of world energy supply and demand, rising energy prices and factors such as unstable geopolitical situation, made from around the world to the energy development strategy and the importance of energy security are more widely and deeply.As the largest population in the world today, the fastest economic growth in developing countries, China’s energy development since the reform and opening through the unremitting efforts, has made remarkable achievements. However in recent years, with China’s sustained and rapid economic and social development, industrialization and urbanization process accelerated, the urban and rural residents’ consumption structure upgrade, the emerging bottleneck restraint of the traditional energy resources, environment and mounting pressure on climate change, energy consumption is growing too fast, slow progress and energy structure adjustment and so on factors determines the future energy development, structural contradiction between supply and demand contradiction will exist for a long time, our country is facing the most serious energy challenges since the reform and opening up.Energy’for the development of safe, stable, clean, efficient, is a matter of national stability and the great revival of the Chinese nation. To ensure sustained and healthy development of energy resources in China, is to maintain social and economic sustainable and healthy development and the necessary request to build a well-off society in an all-round way, and achieve the strategic goals and promoting socialist modernization construction in our country the inevitable requirement of ecological civilization construction. At present, how to scientific understanding and comprehensive grasping the world energy development trends; How to planning and strategic thinking with a global perspective the global energy development; How to come out a new energy development path with Chinese characteristics, with smaller energy resources and environmental costs, to achieve strategic target of modernization construction, Is that we have to think seriously about the party and the government and actively response to the major strategic task.This article try to philosophy view, history view, practice perspective and global vision, adhere to the communist party of China party history research point of view, based on China’s energy development in the specific historical stage, the profile describes the situation of energy resources reserves in China as well as the energy supply and demand present situation and development trend; Examines the national energy development strategy in the new period of the history of evolution and factors affecting its development at home and abroad; Analysis of the new century new stage our country main of fossil energy and renewable energy utilization status and existing difficult problem; Studied the basic characteristics of the world’s major national energy strategy, key development experience and enlightenment; Energy sustainable development strategy in China is explored between focus and build a well-off society in an all-round dialectical relations, elaborated our country energy sustainable development and solve the problem of coal, oil, natural gas development and the inner link of sustainable energy development, aims to explore the reform and development of key period, optimize energy structure, the transformation of the mode of energy supply, improve energy efficiency, ensure energy security goals and ways; Article also to establish scientific mechanism of energy resource development and utilization, improve energy management systems and mechanisms, and promote energy development and management into the legal system, excitation system innovation and technological innovation in the field of China’s energy potential of dialectical thinking, try for the development of China’s energy and improvement ideas and Suggestions are put forward.Thesis by looking at the transition of the energy development strategy in China since reform and opening up track, analysis the time background of China’s energy development strategy constantly advancing with The Times, draw lessons from experience of the world’s major national energy development strategy. Paper believes in rising global energy resources and environmental constraints, the increasingly fierce competition in the international situation, to ensure that for China’s economic and social sustainable development provide strong energy security, we must adhere to scientific development as the theme, to speed up the transformation of the pattern of economic development as the main line, continue to unswervingly promote energy system reform, opening to the outside world, continue to expand energy field as a whole make good use of international and domestic two resources and two markets, efforts to form the production development, life wealthy, ecology good civilization development mode, speed up the construction of saving high efficient, diversified development, clean environmental protection, science and technology leading, international cooperation in energy development road with Chinese characteristics.In insisting on the principle of equality and mutual benefit, mutual benefit and win-win progress, growing with each energy producers, consumers and the international energy agency’s pragmatic cooperation and jointly promote the sustainable development of the world’s energy, so as to achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation to the "China dream".更多还原