【作者】 李善勇；

【导师】 董有德；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 思想政治教育学关于灌输论争论的直接原因是它的两个来源学科——马克思主义理论和教育学——对灌输内涵的不同理解。在思想政治教育学的直接来源马克思主义灌输论中，灌输的原意是“带来、引导、充实”等，是指科学社会主义思想与工人阶级“结合”。在思想政治教育学的借鉴学科教育学中，灌输是与教育对立的概念，主要指用强制方法传授固定教条并造成盲信这种灌输式教育方式。所以，从内涵上看，马克思主义灌输论中的“灌输”根本不同于教育学中的“灌输”。思想政治教育学关于灌输论争论的根源在于，随着政治教育扩展为包括道德教育在内的思想政治教育，作为政治教育理论基础的马克思主义灌输论和道德教育所批判的灌输式教育所指称的外延都扩展到了思想政治教育，这样，由于从业人员、思维方法和实践做法各方面的原因，这两个“灌输”被混同起来，争论者常用自己对灌输的一种理解批判他人的另一种理解。所以，解决灌输论的争论也需要界定它指称的外延是政治思想，灌输论是政治思想工作的理论基础，而不能是思想政治教育的理论基础。政治思想灌输论是马克思主义社会意识与意识形态原理的必然结论，是马克思主义科学理论体系的重要组成部分，是工人阶级政党坚持政治思想工作自觉性反对自发论的理论基础。当前，加强党的思想建设和保持党的先进性需要坚持灌输论，实现党的思想领导和促进马克思主义大众化需要坚持灌输论，促进社会主义精神文明和文化建设从而促进中国特色社会主义事业发展需要坚持灌输论。坚持灌输论需要发展灌输论，首先要创新发展多种政治思想灌输方式，探索综合发挥多种方式作用的方法。其次要借鉴传播学、接受论和心理学等学科理论，深化研究政治思想传播中的个人接受心理。再次要积极回应时代发展新特点对政治思想灌输各方面的挑战，促进政治思想灌输论适应时代发展的变化。政治思想灌输的任务是把国家的政治思想灌输给个人，根本矛盾是社会政治思想要求与个人政治思想状况之间的矛盾，完成这个任务解决这个矛盾也要“按规律办事”，政治思想灌输规律就是政治思想灌输工作中各要素、各阶段之间内在的、本质的、必然的联系。对政治思想灌输客观规律的认识形成政治思想灌输的世界观规律，包括政治思想灌输的依据规律和本质规律。应用政治思想灌输的世界观规律指导政治思想灌输工作产生了政治思想灌输的方法论规律，包括政治思想灌输的系统规律和过程规律。社会主义市场经济的发展、中国特色公民社会的萌生、多元思潮思想格局的形成、网络传媒信息传播的扩展深刻地影响了政治思想灌输的内容、主体、环体和载体等系统要素，这些影响既有有利于政治思想灌输的积极的一面，又有不利于政治思想灌输的消极的一面，因此，政治思想灌输应采取针对性措施，利用它们的积极影响，限制它们的消极影响，从而不断增强政治思想灌输的效果，促进政治思想灌输论适应时代发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The controversy on Introduction Theory in Ideological and Political Educationresults directly from the different understanding of the connotations of Introduction in itstwo source disciplines, namely, Marxist theory and Pedagogy. According to MarxistIntroduction theory, which is a direct source of Ideological and Political education, thebasic connotation of " introduce " is to "bring to" or "saturate", and its meaning is to"combine" thought of scientific socialism with the working class. In the Pedagogy, fromwhich Ideological and Political Education derives some theories,“indoctrinate” isopposite to "educate " that is "introduce", and it refers to a mode of education inwhich teachers compulsorily impart fixed dogma to students and accordingly results intheir blind faith. Therefore, the "introduction" of the Marxist theory fundamentallydiffers from "indoctrination" of the pedagogy in terms of its connotations.The root cause of the controversy about Introduction Theory in Ideological andPolitical Education discipline is that, with political education being extended toideological and political education plus the moral education, both the denotation ofMarxist introduction theory which is the theoretical basis for political education and thedenotation of indoctrination mode criticized by moral education are extended to thediscipline of ideological and political education. Consequently, in the process of thinking,teaching and practicing,"introduction" and "indoctrination" are somewhat thought as thesame, and hence the arguments. Therefore, it is necessary to define the denotation of itsalleged political ideology so as to resolve the controversy. The introduction theory is thebasis for political and ideological work, but it cannot be the theoretical basis of theextended Ideological and Political education.Introduction Theory of Political Thought is the inevitable conclusion of Principleof Marxist social consciousness and ideology, the important part of Marxist scientifictheoretical system, and the theoretical basis for the working class party insisting on theconsciousness of work of political thought and being against the spontaneous,. Now, it isvital to adhere to the introduction theory to strengthen the Party’s ideological thought andmaintain the Party’s advanced nature, to achieve the party’s ideological leadership andpromote the popularization of Marxism, and to promote the construction of socialistspiritual civilization and culture so as to promote the development of socialism withChinese characteristics. Adhesion of the introduction theory means to develop it. Firstly,a variety of ways should be created and utilized integrally. Secondly, some relateddisciplines such as Communication, Acceptance and Psychology and so on could beapplied in order to deepen the study of mental acceptance process of individuals in theprocess of spreading political ideology. Thirdly, it is necessary to study how it adapts to the changes of the era and constantly promotes the advancement of Introduction Theorywith times.The task of introduction of political thought is to introduce the state political thoughtto individuals. The basic contradiction of introduction of political thought lies in the onebetween social political requirements and personal political thought level."Accordingto the laws" is also necessary to complete this task and to resolve this contradiction, andthe law of introduction of political thought is the inherent, essential, inevitableconnection of elements and stages of Political and ideological introduction work. Theresult of recognizing objective laws of introduction of Political thought is its laws ofworldviews, including accordance laws and essence laws of introduction of politicalindoctrination. The result of applying the worldviews laws of introduction of politicalthought to the work is the methodology laws of introduction of political thought,including system law and procedure law of introduction of political thought.The rapid development of market economy, civil society, pluralism of thought andnetwork media has a profound impact on the content, the environment, the carrier, thesubject and the object and other elements of the introduction system of political thought.These impacts are not only positive, but also negative, thus the introduction of politicalthought should take targeted measures to take advantage of their positive impact andlimit their negative impact. Only by doing so, can the practical effect of introduction ofpolitical thought be enhanced greatly and can introduction theory be promotedcontinuously.更多还原