【作者】 李瑞华；

【导师】 赵玉林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 产业经济学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 贫困是世界各国无法回避的现实问题,每个国家都致力于通过反贫困摆脱这一现实,但这个过程却极其漫长曲折。中国自改革开放以来,通过有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发,取得了举世瞩目的成就,然而少数民族地区反贫困成绩却不容乐观,今后仍是我国反贫困的重点和难点。内蒙古的反贫困事业起步较晚,虽然目前已与国家步调一致,但反贫困形势依然相当严峻。本文以经济学视角构建内蒙古贫困与反贫困评估指标体系和多级模糊综合评估模型,并对其进行贫困程度与反贫困效果评估,提出深化内蒙古反贫困的对策建议。这一研究对深化和完善贫困与反贫困理论、调整和制定反贫困战略、创新和调整反贫困模式、建立贫困和反贫困监测系统具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文共八章。第一章为绪论。第二章为理论基础,从经济学视角科学地界定贫困与反贫困的内涵,构建由福利经济学、发展经济学、收入分配理论和人力资本理论四个模块构成的贫困与反贫困理论分析框架。第三章选取美、意、日三个发达国家和印度、巴西、孟加拉三个发展中国家进行反贫困经验和启示的总结归纳,回顾中国反贫困的历程及成效并进行经验总结。第四章在贫困与反贫困评估理论的基础上,结合内蒙古贫困的特点构建内蒙古贫困与反贫困评估指标体系。第五章和第六章分别在建立多级模糊综合评估模型的基础上,使用评估指标体系中的指标,对内蒙古反贫困效果和贫困程度进行评估,分析内蒙古的致贫原因及反贫困过程中存在的问题。第七章提出深化内蒙古反贫困的对策建议。第八章总结全文并提出研究展望。研究表明,目前学术界对贫困和反贫困的界定没有揭示出贫困的本质和反贫困的要求,为此,应该赋予贫困和反贫困新的内涵,即以“能力”为核心,强调贫困是因“能力”低导致“缺乏”,从而被“社会排斥”；将反贫困与“减少贫困”、“扶贫”和“根除、消灭贫困”严格区分,突出对贫困群体自身发展能力提高的重视。从经济学视角构建的贫困与反贫困理论分析框架构成本文研究内蒙古贫困与反贫困问题的完整的理论基础,该框架将为深化和完善贫困与反贫困理论提供研究思路。由于内蒙古贫困成因错综复杂,因此,构建的贫困与反贫困评估指标体系是多层次、多因素的综合评价指标体系,相应的评估模型也是多级的、综合的,通过贫困程度和反贫困效果评估揭示出内蒙古贫困的显著差异性与深化反贫困的艰巨性,提出一系列符合内蒙古实际的、科学可行的反贫困对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poverty is the unavoidable problem in reality around the world. Each country is committed to improving it by anti-poverty. But it is well known that the process is a long and winding road. Since reforming and opening, our country obtained the result attract worldwide attention on anti-poverty through the mass of organized poverty alleviation and development plan. However, it is still emphasis and difficulty for the future because anti-poverty achievement is not optimistic in Minority Nationality Areas. Anti-poverty of Inner Mongolia is developed late and laggard with the grim situation while keep the same pace with the national at present. The paper constructs evaluation index system and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of poverty and anti-poverty in the Inner Mongolia based on perspective of economics, meanwhile assess the extent of poverty and effect of anti-poverty, and gives countermeasures and suggestions to future deepen. It has important theoretical and practical significance to deepen and improve the theory of poverty and anti-poverty, adjust strategy formulation, the anti-poverty mode innovation and establish the poverty and anti-poverty monitoring system.This paper includes eight chapters. The first chapter is introduction. The second chapter is the theoretical basis, which gives the scientific definition of poverty and anti-poverty from the view of economics and constructs the theoretical system of poverty and anti-poverty composed of four modules including the content of welfare economics, development economics, income distribution and human capital. The third chapter makes induction and summarization of experience and enlightenment on anti-poverty from selecting developed countries:American, Italy, Japan and developing countries:India, Brazil, and Bangladesh, meanwhile reviews the history and achievements of China’s anti-poverty. Based on the previous chapter, the forth chapter constructs evaluation index system of poverty and anti-poverty combined with the characteristics of poverty in Inner Mongolia. The fifth chapter and the sixth chapter assess poverty level and anti-poverty achievements using indicators based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and analyze the causes of poverty and problems in the process of anti-poverty in the Inner Mongolia. The last second chapter gives the countermeasure and suggestions for deepening anti-poverty in the Inner Mongolia. The eighth chapter summarizes the full text and puts forward the prospect of research.Research shows that the current definitions of the academic circle less reveal the essence of poverty and anti-poverty requirements, which should be endowed with new connotation, which is based on capacity as the core. That emphasizes that poverty is due to low capacity which is the lack of cause social exclusion, and should strictly distinguish the concepts:anti-poverty and poverty reduction, poverty alleviation and eliminating poverty, in order to highlight attention improving self development ability of poverty groups. In this paper, the complete theory system of Inner Mongolia is based on the construction and analyzing of poverty and anti-poverty from the perspective of economics, which will be helpful research approach for deepening and perfecting the theory of poverty and anti-poverty. Because of the causes of poverty perplexing, it is necessary to construct comprehensive evaluation index system of poverty and anti-poverty with multi-level and multi-factor indicators in order to assess and reveal significant differences of poverty and arduousness of deepening anti-poverty, so then put forward to a series of scientific countermeasures and suggestions in line with the actual Inner Mongolia.更多还原