【作者】 李喆；

【导师】 王仁祥；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 产业经济学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 农村金融发展滞后一直是影响我国农村经济发展、农业产业升级和农民增收致富的重要因素。学术界关于农村金融理论进行了大量研究,政府关于农村金融的改革从未间断,但农村金融发展滞后与农村经济发展需求之间的矛盾没有得到根本解决。本文认为其中一个重要的原因就是没有从城镇化进程这样一个动态视角去研究农村金融与农村经济发展之间的关系。基于此,本文试图从城镇化进程不同于非城镇化和城市化的动态视角出发,分析我国农村金融供需失衡的原因,揭示我国农村金融发展的内在规律,提出与我国城镇化进程相协调的农村金融发展的战略与具体措施。本文以经济增长理论、现代金融发展理论、二元经济结构理论和农村金融发展理论为指导,借鉴发达国家和发展中国家农村金融发展的国际经验,分析我国农村金融发展存在的问题。研究发现,我国城乡二元经济结构格局未变,农村传统经济增长模式不能适应市场经济发展,农村金融抑制、信息不对称、金融有效供给不足等问题严重存在；近年来,我国加大了农村金融改革力度,但依然没有扭转农村金融滞后的局面,农村信用社和农业银行的股份制改造,鼓励村镇银行、合作银行、小额贷款公司的成立,并未形成多种经营主体竞争发展的局面。城镇化进程应该成为农村金融发展需要考虑的重要因素。它是任何一个国家进行现代化建设的必然过程,我国已进入城镇化进程中期,城镇化进程率由新中国成立初期的10%发展到今天的50%。我国农业、农村、农民的情况随之发生了巨大变化,但农村金融发展并没能跟上“三农”的变化节奏。本文基于城镇化进程这个视角,从金融服务功能、所需支出行业和供给主体三个方面分析了我国农村金融的需求和供给情况,采用层次分析法(AHP),构建满意度和支持度评价体系剖析我国农村金融供给缺口。研究发现,我国农村金融出现巨大供给缺口的主要原因在于正规金融积极性低,民间金融法律限制,农村资金严重流失。于是本文采用博弈论分析金融机构与农户之间的博弈行为,研究发现,当农户没有足额财产进行抵押时,博弈均衡很难达到双赢,通过引入第三方-政府,建立三方博弈模型,对农户和农村正规金融机构进行干预,可以使农户的信贷资金需求得到满足。因此,本文在对我国农村金融发展进行SWOT分析的基础上,提出了我国农村金融发展“健全农村金融体系”的短期目标和“缩小城乡差距”的中长期战略目标,并从构建竞争性的市场结构、拓展农村金融资金来源和完善农村金融环境三个方面提出了实施战略目标的具体措施。最终建立一个与我国城镇化进程相协调的农村金融体系,从根本上解决我国农村金融发展滞后的局面,实现农业现代化、农村经济繁荣和农民生活富裕。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rural financial services development lag has been an important factor in developing China’s rural economy, upgrading agricultural industrialization level and enriching farmers. Academia had undertaken extensive research on rural financial theory, government has never stopped on the reform of rural finance, but the contradiction between the development of rural financial services lag and rural economic development has not been solved radically. One of the important reasons this paper believes is the relationship between rural financial services and rural economic development had not studied in a dynamic perspective from the urbanization process. Based on this, it tries to analyze the causes of the imbalance between supply and demand in rural financial services, and to reveal the inherent law of China’s rural financial development in a dynamic perspective, then the corresponding strategy and specific measures will be put forward in consonance with China’s urbanization process which is different from non-urbanization and urbanization of rural financial services development.Under the guidance of the economic growth theory, modern financial development theory, dual economic structure theory and rural finance development theory, the existing problems of China’s rural financial services development is analyzed by learning from international experience of the developed and developing countries’rural financial development. The study found that the pattern of urban-rural dual economic structure in China has not changed, the traditional model of economic growth in rural areas cannot adapt to the market economic development, and a series of the problems still exist in rural financial repression, asymmetric information and lack of financial effective supply seriously. In recent years, China has stepped up efforts to reform the rural finance, but the lagging situation of rural financial services still has not reversed. Although reforming joint-stock of rural credit cooperatives and the Agricultural Bank, encouraging establishment of rural banks, cooperative banks, small loan companies, and the situation of the main competition in the variety of business development still has not been formed.In the development of rural financial services, urbanization becomes an important factor to be considered. It is the inevitable process of modernization of any country. China has entered the middle of the urbanization, the rate ranges from10%of the initial development during the founding of New China to50%today. The situation of our agriculture, rural areas and farmers undergone tremendous changes accordingly, but the development of rural financial services did not able to keep up with the pace of the "three rural". Based on the perspective of urbanization, from the financial services function, the expenditure required to industry and the supply of the main three aspects, the demand and supply situation of China’s rural financial services are analyzed. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to build a satisfaction and support evaluation system, China’s supply gap of financial services in rural areas can be found. The study found that the mainly causes of the huge supply gap of the rural finance in China is that the low enthusiasm in formal financial, the legal restrictions in non-formal financial and serious loss of capital in rural capital. Then the dissertation analyzed the game behavior between financial institutions and farmers based on the game theory, which found that the game equilibrium is difficult to achieve a win-win situation when farmers have not enough property mortgages. Through introducing the third party-government, the dissertation established a tripartite game model. That can satisfy famers’credit fund demand by government’intervention for the behavior of farmers and financial institutions.Therefore, on the basis of a SWOT analysis on the development of rural financial services, short-term goals to improve the rural financial service system and the long-term strategic to close income gap in rural financial development is put forward. Meanwhile, specific measures for implementation of the strategic objectives are come up with to build a competitive market structure, expand rural financial sources of funds and improve the rural financial services environment. Eventually, it establishes a rural financial service system matching with the urbanization process in China to solve the rural financial services development lag situation basically and to realize agricultural modernization, rural economic prosperity and farmers’prosperous lives.更多还原