【作者】 李光春；

【导师】 司玉琢；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 以法的调整对象为主,以法的调整方法为辅,是中国部门法划分的传统标准。经济法是中国特色社会主义法律体系的一个独立的部门法。经济法的调整对象是国家调制本国经济运行过程中发生的特定的经济关系,经济法的主要调整方法是国家运用公权力对市场的适当干预。航运法是随社会经济和航运发展到一定阶段才出现的,是经济基础与上层建筑矛盾运动的产物,是历史的、必然的。基于航运市场在整个航运要素中的核心价值地位,以及我国航运法律体系中航运市场经济立法缺失的客观状况,航运法应当以国家调制航运市场形成的特定经济关系、国家调制航运业内部各要素以及整个航运业与国民经济其他相关行业发生的特定经济关系为调整对象。航运管理机关主要是运用法律赋予的权力,以干预的调整方法,从航运市场宏观调控和航运市场规制两个层面实现对航运市场调制的。因此不论是从航运法的调整对象还是调整方法来看,航运法都具有经济法部门的法律属性。根据经济法学范畴理论的最新研究成果,结合航运市场经济的自身特点,航运法基石范畴应当是“国家整体航运经济利益”。航运法法律制度研究应当采取“主体-行为-责任”基本研究路径。航运法基本范畴体系应当主要包括航运法主体范畴、航运法行为范畴、航运法责任范畴等内容。航运法的基本范畴构成航运法基本制度研究的基本逻辑起点,结合现代经济学关于国家调制市场经济的微观市场规制和宏观市场调控两种基本干预手段的最新理论成果,以及经济法学市场规制法律原理和宏观调控法律原理,航运法的基本法律制度应当主要包括航运法主体法律制度、航运法行为法律制度、航运法责任法律制度等具体内容。通过全面考察和分析中国航运立法现状及其存在的问题,根据本文的研究成果,提出了科学构建中国航运法律体系、制定《航运法》应当确立的主要制度内容、以及完善《航运法(送审稿)》的修改建议,为中国将来制定《航运法》提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional classification standards of Chinese legal department abide by the following practices:the adjustment objects of laws are the main part and the adjustment methods of laws are the subsidiary one. Economic law is an independent department law in the Chinese legal system with characteristics of socialism. The adjustment objects of economic law are the specific economic relations occurring in the process of state’s economy regulation, and the adjustment methods of economic law are the interventions to market economy through which the government exerts public rights. Shipping law does not appear until the development of social economy and shipping industry reach a certain stage. It is the result of the contradictory movement between the economic basis and superstructure and so it is historical and inevitable. According to the following facts that shipping market is the dominating factor in the whole shipping elements and the situation of lack of shipping market economy legislation in the system of shipping law in China, the adjustment objects of shipping law should be the specific economic relations which formulated from the state’s intervention on shipping market and those which are from the results of the state’s coordination among elements of the shipping industry and those which are from the connections between the whole shipping industry and other related industries in national economy. The shipping administrations mainly use the power endowed by the laws to supervise the shipping market on the two levels of the macro-control and regulations of the shipping market. So, shipping law belongs to the department of economic law whether it is judged from the perspective of adjustment objects of shipping law or from the perspective of adjustment methods. According to the latest research results of the theories of economic law categories and the combination of the characteristics of shipping market economy, the footstone categories of shipping law are the interests of the whole national shipping economy. The study of the system of shipping law shall adopt the basic approach of "subjects-behaviors-liabilities". The system of basic categories of shipping law shall include the subject category, behavior category and liability category, which constitute a basic logical starting point of shipping law research. In combination with the latest theories of the two intervening methods of micro and macro markets from the state in market economy and the principles of market regulations of economic laws and laws of macro-control, this paper argues that the basic legal system of shipping law shall include the specific contents of subjects, behaviors and liabilities. With a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the current situations and the existing problems of the shipping law in China, this paper attempts to put forward legislative proposals of how to establish a perfect shipping law system in China and how to formulate the basic contents of "The Shipping Act of the People’s Republic of China" in future.更多还原