【作者】 张光海；

【导师】 康海贵；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 港口海岸及近海工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 我国滨海公路总长度达4万多公里,是连接沿海城市和港口的重要交通枢纽。滨海地区沥青混凝土路面由于经常承受超载集装箱车辆作用,造成路面平整度破坏严重,而路面不平整引起的车辆动荷载又进一步加剧沥青路面的破坏,导致沥青路面使用寿命急剧降低。同时北方滨海地区沥青路面除经常受到海水盐雾侵蚀外,严寒季节还长期经受除冰盐侵蚀及冻融循环耦合作用,造成使用寿命进一步降低。因此,北方滨海地区沥青路面损伤机理及使用寿命是亟待解决的问题。本文在分析总结国内外相关研究成果的基础上,通过理论分析、现场试验与数值模拟的方法,首先研究了不平整度引起的车辆动荷载对沥青路面的破坏机理；然后对沥青路面在氯离子侵蚀及冻融耦合作用下的低温弯曲性能及疲劳特性进行了研究,同时研究了玄武岩纤维的添加对氯离子侵蚀及冻融作用下沥青混合料低温性能及疲劳特性的改善作用；最后建立了沥青路面多目标评估模型。对基于不平整度、氯离子侵蚀及冻融作用下沥青路面使用寿命进行了评估,本文的主要研究内容如下：(1)在对不平整路面引起的动荷载对路面损伤机理研究的基础上,将实际不平整路面转化为对路面结构最不利的正弦波形路面,建立了四分之一车辆模型,研究了一定平整度下路面波长、波幅和行车荷载、行车速度之间的关系。(2)利用ANSYS软件建立了路面结构三维有限元模型,模拟了试验路面的受力情况。系统研究了不平整路面在不同载重、车速情况下各层路面结构的动力响应。通过现场构造不平整路面,在不同深度结构层处埋设相应的位移和应力应变计,通过现场试验研究了不同车速和荷载作用下不同不平整度的路面结构的动力响应,重点研究了路面各层结构应力、应变随深度和车速的变化特征,并对有限元分析模型的准确性进行了验证。(3)针对北方滨海地区沥青路面极端环境下使用条件,通过低温性能试验及疲劳试验研究了氯离子侵蚀及冻融耦合作用对沥青混合料低温性能及疲劳特性的影响。同时研究了玄武岩纤维的掺入对氯离子侵蚀及冻融作用下沥青混合料低温性能及疲劳特性的改善作用。(4)建立了路面多参考指标疲劳评估模型,基于此模型,考虑不平整度引起的动荷载对道路造成的不利影响以及氯离子侵蚀及冻融耦合作用对沥青路面低温特性及疲劳特性的影响,对于典型的北方滨海地区沥青路面的使用寿命进行了评估。更多还原

【Abstract】 The total length of the coastal highway is over40,000kilometers. These highways are the important transport hubs connecting the coastal cities and ports. Frequent role of overload container vehicles has caused serious damage to the road surface evenness at coastal areas of asphalt concrete pavement, then the vehicle dynamic load caused by pavement unevenness will be further exacerbated the destruction of asphalt pavement, causing the asphalt pavement life dramatically reduced. Additionally, being often exposed in salt spray, the service life of the asphalt pavement in northern coastal areas is further reduced under the coupling effect of the deicing salt erossion and cycle of freezing and thawing during the long icing winter. Therefore, the study of estimated service life of asphalt roads based on unevenness and environmental effects of extreme flatness for northern coastal areas is an urging problem to solve.In this paper, the damage mechanism of asphalt pavement under vehicle load caused by road unevenness was studied firstly by theoretical analysis, field experiment and numerical simulations based on the research results at home and abroad. Then the low temperature flexural properties and fatigue characteristics of asphalt road in chloride ion penetration and freeze-thaw action coupling was studied. Finally, the multi-objective prediction model for asphalt pavement was built, based on this model, combined with practical engineering examples, the life of asphalt pavement under the condition of the roughness, chlorideion erosion and freeze-thaw was predicted, the main contents of this paper are as follows:(1) Based on the study of dynamic load caused by the uneven pavement for the pavement damage mechanism, translated the actual uneven pavement structure on the road into most unfavorable sinusoidal surface, and established a quarter vehicle model. Then the relationship between the wavelength, amplitude, and vehicle speed under a certain evenness was researched..(2) The three-dimensional finite element model of pavement structure was established by ANSYS program, based on the model, dynamic response of the pavement structures under the influence of different load and speed was studied. By constructing the pavement uneveness curve, and placing the stress and strain gauge displacement in different depth structure roughness pavement layer buried corresponding, the dynamic responsement of uneven pavement under different driving speeds and traffic loads was studied by the field experiment. Especially, the feature of pavement structure layers vertical stress variation with depth and speed was studied mainly. Finally the verification of accuracy of the finite element analysis model was done.(3) Specially considering the extreme environment using condition of asphalt pavement in the northern coastal areas, the low temperature performance test and fatigue test was performed for studying the effect of chlorideion erosion and freeze-thaw coupling on the performance of asphalt mixture on low temperature and fatigue characteristics, the bettering effect the basalt fiber on chloride ion erosion and freeze thawing effect of asphalt mixture under low temperature performance and fatigue characteristics was also studied.(4) Pavement multiple reference index prediction model was established, based on the prediction model, considering the adverse effects of dynamic load of surface roughness which caused by unevenness as well as the chlorideion corrosion and freeze-thaw coupling effect on the low temperature properties and fatigue characteristics of asphalt pavement, combined with the specific engineering, the service life of asphalt pavement of the typical coastal area of northern China was predicted.更多还原