【作者】 李友峰；

【导师】 刘元芳；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 教育管理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 军校研究生教育作为军队高等教育的最高层次,担负着为我军培养“能打仗、打胜仗”的高素质新型军事人才的重任。然而新时期军校研究生教育在发展过程中,逐渐显现出一些不可回避的新问题和新矛盾,比如军队研究生教育游离于干部成长晋升的任职教育体系之外,定位不清晰；各院校研究生教育发展方向和培养目标趋同,特色不鲜明；许多院校贪大求全、追求数量规模的外延式发展模式,发展后劲不足；毕业研究生综合素质和任职能力偏弱,培养质量不高等等。这些问题的存在,促使人们重视并思考新时期军校研究生教育的改革和转型。对此,本文进行了较为系统和深入的探索,运用理论与实践相结合、定性与定量相结合、文本分析与问卷调查相结合的研究方法,完成了以下三个方面的主要工作并得出了相应结论：一是运用SWOT方法全面分析了军校研究生教育所处的内外部环境。对军校研究生教育具有的优势与劣势、面临的机遇与挑战进行系统分析,得出了相应的SWOT矩阵并基于专家打分计算了各因素的影响权重,定量和定性相结合地揭示了新时期对军校研究生教育发展影响最为明显的因素,提出了军校研究生教育定位不清、方向不明、创新能力培养不足、应用能力培养滞后及外部挑战严峻等问题。进而运用SWOT组合战略方法,系统列举了军校研究生教育的各方面发展要求,并分析得出大部分要求需要新时期军校研究生教育体现鲜明特色。这些分析结果直接表明,走特色发展之路,是新时期军校研究生教育发展的一个必然方向,也是最可行和最具潜力的方向。二是论证了军校研究生教育在军队新型院校教育体系中的定位、研究生培养目标的定位及研究生教育特色的定位。针对研究生教育在当前军队院校教育体系中定位不清晰,研究生培养目标单一、不适应新军事变革需要的问题,在综合分析军队学历、任职和研究生教育的特点、作用及历史发展脉络的基础上,提出军校研究生教育应具备高层次学历教育和中高级任职教育的双重属性,主动融入军官任职教育的主流体系,实现研究生教育与任职教育的融合发展,既提升任职教育的层次,又拓展研究生教育的内涵,优势互补、互相促进；在深入分析军队研究生培养目标变迁过程及存在问题的基础上,提出新时期军校研究生教育的培养目标不应局限于培养科研学术型人才或简单应用型人才,而应该定位于培养创新型复合型军事人才,并阐明了创新型复合型军事人才的具体内涵；通过对比地方普通高校研究生教育和传统的军校研究生教育,分析军事人才的本质属性,指出新时期军校研究生教育应坚持和发展鲜明的军事特色、强烈的实践特色和优质的校本特色。三是规划了新时期军校研究生教育特色发展的实现路径。根据新时期军校研究生教育既是高层次学历教育又是中高级任职教育的定位,设计了研究生教育与任职教育融合发展的近期和远期形式；进而根据研究生教育与任职教育融合发展的需要及培养创新型复合型军事人才的培养目标定位,构建了“战学研结合”培养模式,使军校研究生教育的各个环节均能直接面向部队、面向军事斗争准备、面向未来战场；根据新时期军校研究生教育特色的定位,规划了坚持军事特色、强化实践特色和发扬校本特色的方式方法。本文研究成果对提高军校研究生教育质量,对培养适应新军事变革需要的创新型复合型军事人才,以及对军队决策机构和研究生培养单位思考军校研究生教育的改革和转型,在理论上和实践上都具有参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Graduate education in the military academy, as the highest level of military higher education, bears the profound responsibility to produce high-quality new type military personnel for our army who are "competent to fight and fight to win". However, during the development of military graduate education in the new period, there have appeared some inevitable new problems and contradictions. For instance, military graduate education is dissociated with the post-oriented education system for the growth and promotion of officers, and its orientation is not clarified; development directions and training objectives for graduate education in different schools show convergences, and lack distinctive features; many schools take extensional development model pursuing quantity and scale, with insufficient development aftereffect; the all-round quality and post-qualified ability of graduated students are weak, and the training quality is in low level etc. The existence of these problems urges people’s attention to the reform and transformation of military graduate education in the new period. To these problems, this article conducts relatively systematic and in-depth exploration, using methods including combination of theory and practice, qualitative and quantitative analysis, text analysis and questionnaire survey. This thesis has completed main work in the following three aspects and arrived at corresponding conclusions:Firstly, the thesis makes general analysis on the internal and external environment of military graduate education using the SWOT method. Through the systematic analysis on the advantages and disadvantages, and opportunities and threats, the thesis concludes corresponding SWOT matrix and calculates impact weights of these factors based on the expert scoring, and then shows the most influential factor to the development of graduate education in military academy both qualitatively and quantitatively, finally it poses some problems that the orientation is indeterminate and direction is unclear, and the training of innovation ability lacks as well as the cultivation of application ability lags behind, and external challenges are severe. Using SWOT strategic combination method, the thesis further lists requirements for development from all aspects systematically, and most of these requirements focus on distinct characteristics. These results directly indicate that following a unique development road is not only the inevitable direction of military graduate education development in the new period, but also the most possible and promising direction. Secondly, the thesis argues about the position of graduate education in military academy in the new military education system, and the orientation of graduate students training, and the definition of graduate education characteristics. Aimed at the problems that the orientation of graduate education is not clear in the current education system of military schools, and the training objectives are too single to meet the requirements of the new military transformation, this thesis, based on the overall analysis of the features, functions and historical development vein of undergraduate, post-oriented and graduate education in military schools, proposes that the graduate education in the military academy should have dual attributes of both high-level undergraduate education and intermediate and advanced post-oriented education, and proactively integrate into the dominant system of post-oriented education for military officers, and achieve the integrated development of graduate education and post-oriented education, which can not only extend the connotation of the former, but also enhance the level of the latter, and they have complementary advantages and can promote each other. This thesis also, based on in-depth analysis of the changing procedure of military graduate education training objectives and the problems remained, concludes that the training objectives in the new period should not be confined to the training of research-oriented talents or simple application-oriented talents, instead it should be aimed at the cultivation of innovative and inter-disciplinary military talents, whose connotations are clarified as well; through the comparison with traditional military graduate education and graduate education in civilian universities, the thesis presents a general analysis of the three important features of the characteristic development for military graduate education.Thirdly, the thesis projects for the achievement path of characteristic development of graduate education in military academy. According to the orientation of both high-level undergraduate education and intermediate and advanced post-oriented education, the form has been designed of the integrated development of graduate education and post-oriented education for short term as well as long term; and then, on the basis of the requirement of this integrated development and the orientation to the training of innovative and inter-disciplinary military talents, a "War-Study-Research" training mode is built, so that every link of graduate education in the military academy can be directly oriented to the troops, to the preparation for military warfare and to the future battlefield; according to the definition of the characteristics of graduate education in military academy in new period, methods have been planed which require to stick to distinctive military feature, and to strengthen practice feature, and also to develop one’s own characteristics.The findings of the research in this thesis provide both theoretical and practical reference to the improvement of military graduate education quality, to the training of innovative and inter-disciplinary military talents who can meet the requirement of new military transformation and to the decision-making military institutions and graduate students training units in their reflections on the reform and transition of military graduate education.更多还原