【作者】 黄慧明；

【导师】 田银生；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 广州是具有2200多年历史的文化名城,旧城区一直以来都是全市的政治、经济、文化中心和具有深厚底蕴的商业名城。悠久的历史与长期的积淀造成了旧城丰富的城市空间形态。随着城市规模的快速扩张与内城的高度集中建设,广州旧城正面临房屋日益危破、公共服务配套落后、设施陈旧、交通拥堵、空间环境恶化等一系列问题。为努力提升广州城市面貌,打造国家中心城市形象,政府就旧城更新改造意愿十分迫切,2007年提出“中调”策略,并陆续出台一系列纲领性文件以及相关配套政策。1949年以来的60多年是广州旧城更新最快的时期,也是现状城市形态形成的主要时期。因此在政府全面启动更新改造之前,更需要客观科学的解析广州旧城在这一时期空间形态演变的客观规律,正确看待目前的历史阶段,明确“所为”与“不所为”,理性分析未来的发展趋势,确定正确的规划与建设引导方式。结合国内外研究成果与城市更新控制引导需求,本文拟定了以下三个主要视角：第一,基于形态分区理念的城市形态演变特征研究。以康泽恩“城镇平面分析”方法为基础,结合中国城市的具体背景,构建了基于“形态单元”的系统分析框架。第二,基于自组织机制的城市形态演变动力机制研究。在形态分区研究基础上,根据系统自组织原理,深入研究城市形态演变的内生动力。第三,基于形态类型学的城市形态设计干预控制研究。科学合理的规划调控是引导城市形态发展演变的重要他组织手段。本文基于形态类型学理念,结合形态演变自组织机制,提出形态设计干预控制的有效手段。论文共分为六章。第一章绪论。是对论文研究的意义、内容、方法和相关概念进行阐述。第二章1949-1978年广州旧城的形态演变特征。重点研究这一时期旧城范围的功能布局与形态格局的演变特征。识别1949年广州旧城的“形态原型”,划定的形态单元与形态区域将作为1978年后旧城形态演变分析的基础。第三章1978年以来广州旧城的形态演变特征。对改革开放以来广州旧城研究范围的功能布局与形态格局进行演变分析。以形态单元与形态区域的演变分析为基础,通过定量与定性相结合的方法分析旧城形态的演变特征。第四章1949年以来广州旧城形态演变的总体规律。从形态格局、形态单元、产权地块三个层面总结1949年以来广州旧城形态演变的一般规律。归纳出城市边缘带、形态框架、形态周期等重要概念。第五章广州旧城形态演变中的自组织机制。运用系统分析的方法,对广州旧城形态演变中的循环演进阶段、竞争协同机制、自相似分形特征、混沌与秩序等重要自组织特征进行研究。第六章广州旧城形态演变中的规划调控机制及优化探讨。从他组织干预角度出发,总结现状广州旧城形态演变现状调控机制及问题。提出构建多元化目标导向体系。在形态类型研究与自组织机制研究基础上,提出各项调控优化策略。本文是首次对解放以来广州旧城形态演进的系统性研究,将弥补目前相关研究专著的不足,对科学指导旧城更新具有重要意义。运用基于“形态单元”的形态分区体系,本文解构了1949年以来的广州旧城的形态演变规律,剖析了其圈层式形态格局的形成过程。通过自组织机制研究,深入阐述了竞争协同机制在经济与社会领域的重要作用,揭示了小规模渐进式更新主导下广州旧城的高度混合式形态演变机制。通过以“形态单元”为基础的更新改造单元划定,可以实现功能、形态与历史保护三重目标的结合,把形态类型学中的设计干预手段有效的应用与规划管控当中。更多还原

【Abstract】 Guangzhou, a city with2,200years history, is known for its cultural appeal. The inner city is a cosmos of diversified political, economic, cultural, and commercial activities that have shaped its variedly spatial forms. In an era of rapid expansion and intensive construction, there are a variety of problems in inner city including dilapidated buildings, poor public services, obsolete facilities, traffic jams, and deteriorative environment. To improve the city images and build up a national urban center, Guangzhou Municipal Governments has formulated a set of development outlines and strategies. Among the varied strategies, the Central Guangzhou Adjustment Strategy adopted in2007has emphasized the renewal of inner city.Guangzhou has entered an unprecedented development era since1949. The existing urban form has been shaped by a variety of planning and development strategies for more than60years. Before launching the overall renewal project, there is a need to explicate the law of changing spatial forms in Guangzhou inner city, to clarify the "do" and "do not" rules, and to analyze the trend of future development in order to provide a set of rational planning and constructive guidelines under such a current historical stage.Combining existing Chinese and English literatures with the actual demand for urban regeneration controls and guidance in current China, this dissertation concentrates on three research purposes. First, to study the changing characteristics of urban morphological transformation in Guangzhou from the foundation of morphological partition, the author defines the "morphological unit" and constructs an analysis framework through employing Conzen’s "Town-Plan Analysis" method. Second, to study the changing dynamic mechanisms of urban morphological transformation in Guangzhou, the author reveals the endogenous motivation of urban forms based on the "self-organization principles" of systems. Third, to study the intervention control design of urban form from the perspective of morphological typology, the author proposes effective means of intervention control on morphological design.There are six chapters. The first chapter is to introduce the research significance, research questions, methods, and concepts. The second chapter focuses on the changing characteristics of urban morphology of Guangzhou inner city from1949to1978by emphasizing the functional layouts and morphological patterns and defining the urban form in1949as the "morphological archetype". The delimiting morphological units and regions set the basis for analyzing later morphological transformations of inner city in Guangzhou since1978. The third chapter examines the post-1978changing characteristics of urban morphology of Guangzhou inner city through combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The forth chapter induces a general law of morphological transformation in Guangzhou inner city through investigating the morphological patterns, morphological units, property-right-land-lots since1949. It also generates significant concepts including urban periphery areas, morphological framework, and morphological cycles. The fifth chapter applies system analysis methods to probe the "self-organization" mechanisms within the process of urban morphological transformation in Guangzhou inner city through inspecting the evolution cycles, competitive-collaborative mechanisms, self-similar fractal characters, chaos and orders in the self-organization system of urban morphology. Chapter Sixth suggests a series of regulatory mechanisms for Guangzhou inner city’s urban morphology from the perspectives of "other-organization". It also proposes a framework to construct a pluralistic goal oriented system and produces different optimizing adjustment plans.The dissertation is the first study focusing on morphological transformation in Guangzhou inner city. It fills up the gaps between existing literatures and increasing demand of urban renewal in current China. Based on the definition of "morphological unit" and the foundation of morphological partition, the dissertation deconstructs the changing morphology of Guangzhou inner city since1949, explicates the process of ring structure establishment. Through adopting self-organization mechanism methods, the author reveals that competitive-collaborative mechanisms play key role in Guangzhou’s economy and society. A hybrid of urban forms has come into being in Guangzhou inner city as a result of implementing a chain of small-scales and gradually renewal strategies for60years. The delimitation of "morphological unit" in the renewal process has virtually combined the three goals of functional, morphological and historical protection and has effectively improved planning regulation and control by employing morphological design intervention measures.更多还原