【作者】 林小艳；

【导师】 吕新彪；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学 ， 资源管理工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 矿产资源是各国社会和经济发展的基础原材料。作为我国重要矿产资源基地的黑龙江省,矿业是黑龙江省的支柱产业,是实现黑龙江省“二次创业,富民强省”战略目标的重要保障。黑龙江省非金属矿产资源种类较多,分布较广。多年来,受国际国内众多因素的影响,黑龙江省非金属矿产资源的开发和利用程度存在较大的不平衡性,资源优势并未能很好地转化为经济优势。随着国内外技术和工艺的发展,矿产品的应用领域在不断地拓宽,适时开发黑龙江省非金属矿产资源,整合非金属矿业具有十分重要的意义。通过本论文的系统研究,分析黑龙江省非金属矿产资源潜在水平、相关产业开发利用现状,针对黑龙江省非金属矿产目前开发利用的现状与国内外同种非金属矿开发技术的差距,重点对黑龙江省优势非金属矿产石墨、硅线石、沸石、大理石进行系统的技术测试和经济分析。在此基础上,按照“依靠科技进步推进资源利用方式的根本转变,不断提高资源利用的经济、社会和生态效益,实现资源的永续利用”的指导思想,提出黑龙江省非金属矿产资源开发的合理产业结构、产品结构、技术方向和市场培育战略,促进黑龙江省非金属矿产资源开发的产业升级、产品技术含量和附加值大幅增加,延长产业链。提出黑龙江省优势非金属矿产资源开发利用战略,提升非金属矿产资源产业的竞争力和贡献力。对政府相关政策的制定、招商引资、矿政管理,提高非金属矿产资源勘探开发利用效率等均具有十分重要的理论指导意义和实用价值。论文主要研究内容如下：第一章,对论文选题目的和意义进行了阐述,系统综述了国内外非金属矿产资源领域的学术研究现状、应用现状及其前景,提出了黑龙江省非金属矿产开发利用发展战略,对论文的主要研究思路和框架、野外调研和资料的收集整理、主要的研究方法、核心内容等进行了高度地概括,并提出了论文中的关键创新点。第二章,对黑龙江省非金属矿产形成的地质背景与主要矿种类型特点进行了详细的介绍,并对黑龙江省现有的优势非金属矿产的分布、产出层位、形成条件和成矿作用及主要矿床类型等进行了介绍。第三章,黑龙江省非金属矿产资源及开发利用现状。调研并系统分析了黑龙江省开发利用现状。黑龙江省有近30种非金属矿产的资源储量在全国排序居前十位。其中,水泥原料矿产中,陶粒原料矿产资源丰富,玻璃硅质原料矿产、陶瓷原料矿产缺乏；化肥原料矿产中的磷矿、钾盐矿、硫铁矿短缺：典型优势非金属矿产主要有石墨、硅线石、大理岩等,成矿条件好,资源丰富,而且开发多集中在黑龙江省南部地区和东西部地区。对非金属矿产资源在开发利用过程中存在的主要问题进行了分析;第四章,黑龙江省典型非金属矿石质量评价。对黑龙江省典型非金属矿石质量进行了系统测试和评价。表明鸡西鳞片石墨质量优,有害成分少,适合开发,利用前景良好。黑龙江嫩江沸石可用于沸石烧制的高质量的陶瓷,还可用沸石来做多孔陶瓷。黑龙江省大理岩可用于制备超细方解石(重钙),其性能好,用途广,资源丰富,无污染,产品附加值高。第五章,系统分析了开发利用非金属矿产品市场。通过对国内外、黑龙江省非金属矿产品、供求现状及其趋势分析,结果表明：工业发达国家对进口矿产原料的依赖程度将进一步增大,世界矿物原料的最大需求者是西欧、北美和日本；世界非金属矿供给主要集中在广大发展中国家,并且这种趋势还将继续下去。我国石墨初级产品完全可以满足市场需求,高纯石墨、球形石墨、膨胀石墨、柔性石墨等功能石墨材料需求在稳步增加。而能够满足黑龙江省经济发展需求的非金属矿产有石墨、硅线石、沸石、颜料用黄粘土、水泥用大理岩等；不能满足经济发展需求的非金属矿产磷矿、钾盐、玻璃用石英砂、陶瓷土等。其中绝对优势非金属矿产石墨,近年受国内外市场的影响,价格波动较大,行业受到冲击。但从长远的国际市场分析,有很大的发展前景。第六章,提出了黑龙江省非金属开发利用战略及其政策建议。要使资源优势变为经济优势,必须实施创新战略,包括产业创新、制度创新,依托高校合作研发平台,运用非金属深加工与精加工技术,提高资源的综合利用效率：同时实施非金属产业集群式开发战略和信息化战略,逐步形成鸡西石墨-硅线石开发利用产业集群,哈尔滨大理岩-建材开发利用产业集群,牡丹江特种原料产业园区。通过实施产业集群发展战略,综合市场和各层组织的功能,形成一个以石墨、硅线石、大理石建材等优势非金属矿产品开发利用的稳定、持续、有序的企业生态组织,从而在整合力、竞争力、吸引力和影响力等方面均具有整体竞争优势。战略的实施必须有政策的支持,为此,必须实施产业倾斜政策、区间协调政策。本论文通过现场调查、资料收集等途径,对黑龙江省非金属矿产资源分布及综合利用的现状进行了详细调研,并采用SWOT等理论对该省非金属矿产资源的开发利用战略进行了研究。提出了黑龙江省非金属矿产资源开发中产品结构、产业结构、技术发展、市场培育等方面的建议。同时还对黑龙江省具有优势特色的石墨、沸石、硅线石、大理岩等矿产资源的化学成分、物相结构、综合利用途径等进行了探讨。论文的研究成果对于了解黑龙江省非金属矿产资源现状,确定开发利用战略,制订相关产业政策,促进产业发展具有重要意义。本文主要存在以下创新之处：首次运用资源科学、区域经济学方法,系统分析了黑龙江省非金属矿的资源组合、配置、经济潜力和发展重点,提出了新的思路和发展方向,提出了黑龙江省非金属开发利用战略。1、提出了创新战略。包括产业创新、制度创新,依托高校合作研发平台,运用非金属深加工与精加工技术,提高资源的综合利用效率,使资源优势变为经济优势。2、提出了非金属产业集群式开发战略。由于不同矿床类型的石墨,其物化性能也不同,开发利用战略也不同,针对鸡西、穆棱等区域变质形成的品质鳞片状石墨,应以鸡西柳毛石墨矿为中心,整合原有资源,形成产业集群。针对萝北等地接触变质形成的隐晶质土状石墨,随着隐晶石墨选矿新工艺、新技术的研发和应用,应形成新兴的石墨生产精深加工产业集群,最后逐步形成鸡西石墨-硅线石开发利用产业集群,哈尔滨大理岩-建材开发利用产业集群,牡丹江特种陶瓷原料产业园区。3、提出了信息化发展战略。通过数据库把黑龙江省非金属矿产资源、非金属矿业权设置、开发利用现状、国内外非金属开发工艺技术动态、国内外市场供求的变化、相关政策等集成,既有利于整合资源,又有利于按市场需求的变化生产出适销对路的产品,从而弱化非金属矿山企业之间的内部竞争。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mineral resource is the important basic material of national economic and social development. As an important base of mineral resources, mineral industry of Heilongjiang Province is a pillar industry, and is also an important guarantee for achieving the strategic objectives of the second venture and rich people and strong province. Metalloid mineral resources in province have a large number of styles and a wide distribution. Over the years, affected by many factors at home and abroad, it is very unbalanced of exploiture and use in the metalloid mineral resources, furthermore, the resources advantage does not translate well into to economic advantage. As the development of domestic and foreign technique and technology, the application field of mineral products is expanding constantly. So it is very important for timely developing metalloid mineral resources and integrating its industry in Heilongjiang Province.Through the systematic research, this paper analyzes the potential reserve and the current development and utilization of related industries of the metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjiang Province. According to the current provincial development and utilization of the metalloid mineral resources and development technology gap of the same metalloid mineral at home and abroad, the paper focuses on the technical and economic analysis of graphite, sillimanite, zeolite and marble in Heilongjiang province. On the basis, in accordance with the "relying on scientific and technological progress to promote a fundamental change in the way of resource utilization, improving constantly the economic, social and ecological benefits of resource utilization, realizing The sustainable use of resources", it puts forward the reasonable industrial structure, product structure, technology direction and market development strategy of the metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjiang Province, which can promote the industrial upgrading and the great increase in the product technology and added value, and extend the industrial chain.Giving the development and utilization strategy of the metalloid mineral resources and enhancing the competitiveness of industry and the contribution have important theoretical significance and practical value of the government for the formulation of government policy, investment, mineral government management and, improving the exploration and utilization efficiency. The main contents of thesis is as follows:Chapter1, Introduction. Elaborating the purpose and research meaning and analyzing the current domestic and international research, its present application situation and prospect, it puts forward a metalloid minerals development strategy in Heilongjiang province, and highly summarizes the main research way of thinking, field investigation and data collection, methods and generalized contents and gives the key innovation points in the paper..Chapter2, It gives the detailed introduction of geological background and main mineral types characteristics of the metalloid mineral In Heilongjiang Province, and present advantaged metalloid mineral recourse distribution, output layer, formation conditions and mineralization and the main mineral deposit types.Chapter3, The present exploiture and use condition of the metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjing province. There is nearly thirty kinds of metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjing province which are of the top ten reserve in china. Among them, ceramic raw materials are rich in cement mineral raw materials, but lack another metalloid mineral resources as mineral glass siliceous materials and ceramic raw materials; Moreover, phosphorite,potash mine and pyrite of fertilizer raw materials are also deficient; some metalloid mineral resources like graphite, silicon stone, marble with typical advantages have good minerogenetic condition and abundant resources. And its exploiture is more concentraled in the southern part of Heilongjiang province and east and west area.. The main problems existing in the process of exploiture and utilization of the metalloid mineral resources are analyzed in the paper.Chapter4, Quality evaluation of the typical metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjiang province. The system test and evaluation of the typical metalloid’s quality in Heilongjiang province indicated that Jixi squama graphite has high quality, less harmful components, good decomposition, good prospects, and is suitable for development.Nenjiang zeolite of Heilongjiang can be used to fire high quality zeolite ceramic which has the advantages of low sintering temperature, high whiteness, and low density. It’s also available for making porous ceramic. Marble of Heilongjiang can be used to make super thin calcite (calcium carbonate), which has the advantages of good performance, wide application, rich in resources, no pollution, and high added value of the products.Chapter5, An systemic analysis on the metalloid product market. Throng analyzing the metalloid product, the supply and demand, and its trend of domestic and other countries and in Heilongjiang, its results clear that the developed industrial country especially west Europe and North America and Japan are the most demander, and their dependence on imported raw materials will increase further and further. The main suppler are concentrated in the large developing country, and this trend will continue.The primary graphite product of our country can satisfy the market, and the demand of function graphite material, such as pure graphite, spheroid graphite, inflation graphite, gentle graphite are increased steadily. This metalloid as graphite、sillimanite、zeolite、clay and marble can satisfy the market of Heilongjing, however, lack other metalloid as phosphorite, kainite, quartzite and porcelain clay ect. The metalloid mineral graphite with absolute advantage is influenced by the domestic and foreign market in recent years and its price fluctuated widely. The industry is impacted. But from a long-term analysis of the international market, it has great prospects for development.Chapter6,Many stratefies of metalloid exploiture and the policies suggestion for Heilongjiang province, In order to transform resource advantage to economic advantage, it must put the innovation strategy into practice including industry innovation system innovation, rely on the cooperation development platform of universities, apply metalloid deep processing and fine processing technology, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources. Moreover, industry group strategy and information strategy should be carried out, and gradually form Jixi graphite-sillimanite utilization of industrial cluster and Haerbin marble-building industry group. Through the implementation of the development strategy of industry cluster, comprehensive market and each layer of tissue function, a stable, sustained, and orderly enterprise ecosystem organization for exploiting graphite, sillimanite and marble exploiture is to be constituted. Thus there is a competitive advantage in the integration, competitiveness, attractiveness and influence. The implementation of the strategy must have the support of policies, therefore, industrial policy tilt, and interval coordination policies must to be made practice in Heilongjiang province.Through field investigation, data collection methods, the paper gives a detailed investigation on metalloid resources distribution of Heilongjiang and the current comprehensive utilization situation. And the author uses SWOT theory on analyzing the strategy of the exploiture and use. Much suggestion are raised on some aspects as the product structure, industrial structure, technological development, market cultivation. At the same time, it is studied that chemical composition, phase structure, comprehensive utilization way of some advantaged metalloid resources as graphite, zeolite, sillimanite, marble and other mineral resources. The research results of this paper is of great significance to understand the status of metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjiang, to determine the development and utilization strategy, to formulate relevant industrial policies, and promote the development of industry.The main contents of thesis are as follows:For the first time, combined with the use of resources science, regional economics, this paper systematically analyses combination of resources, allocation, economic potential and development priorities of the metalloid mineral resources in Heilongjiang, and puts forward some ideas, new development directions, and metal development and utilization strategy.1、Putting forward the innovation strategy including the industrial innovation, system innovation. relying on the universities cooperation platform, using metalloid deep processing and fine processing technology to enhance the efficiency of resource use and to turn the resource advantage into economic advantage.2、Putting forward metalloid industry cluster development strategy. Because the different types of deposit of graphite have different physical and chemical properties, their development and utilization strategies are also different. For the Crystalline flake graphite by metamorphism in some areas such as muling and Jixi, Jixi Liu Mao graphite mine should be as the center to integrate existing resources and form industrial clusters. For aphanitic earthy graphite contact metamorphism in some areas like Luobei, with the development and application of new technology of aphianitic graphite beneficiation it should be formed that graphite production’s new intensive processing industry cluster, finally gradually formed graphite-sillimanite utilization of industrial cluster, and Harbin building materials-marble development and utilization industry cluster.3、Putting forward the Information development strategy. Through the database, the paper integrates the metalloid mineral resources, the metalloid mineral rights settings, development and utilization situation, domestic and foreign trends of metalloid development technology, dynamic, changes in market supply and demand at home and abroad, related policies. Which is not only conducive to the integration of resources, but also produce marketable products according to the change of market demands, thereby weaken the internal competition between metalloid mine enterprises.更多还原