【作者】 徐苑苑；

【导师】 张际平；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 自从2001年4月麻省理工学院校长查尔斯·韦斯特在《时代》杂志上宣布正式启动开放课程计划(MIT OCW)以来,许多世界著名的大学纷纷加入这一行列,开放课程已成燎原之势。近年来,开放课程呈现出新的趋势,大规模网络开放课程(MOOC)的兴起使得开放课程的应用摆脱了传统开放课程应用的一些不足,互动与交流成为开放课程的重要内容。与此同时,随着云计算技术的成熟,其具有的灵活性、扩展性、共享性、低成本性和高服务性等特点为开放课程的应用提供新的技术保障。然而,目前开放课程的应用仍然存在一些问题,如：师生互动的不足、学习者间协作的匮乏、学习效果跟踪手段欠缺、传统平台缺乏灵活性,都影响了开放课程深入的应用,造成了许多优质教育资源的闲置与浪费。针对这一现状,本论文将从实践出发,对上述的问题提出观点,并进行平台设计以及案例分析。本论文从开放课程实践应用的视角,分析目前开放课程应用中存在的不足,构建了一个云计算环境下开放课程应用的SECTIONS模式。基于SECTIONS模式设计并实现了一个云计算环境下的大规模实时互动学习系统。论文的主要工作如下：1、分析了云计算环境下开放课程的特点,从师生实时互动、学习效果跟踪评价、异构终端接入等角度探讨了开放课程的应用模式,构建了一个云计算环境下开放课程应用的SECTIONS模式,从学习支持服务(S)、学习效果评价(E)、知识共享(C)、信息技术(T)、交互性(Ⅰ)、开放获取(0)、网络学习共同体(N)、可持续性(S)等八个角度探索了开放课程应用。2、基于SECTIONS模式设计了一个云计算环境下的大规模实时互动学习平台。该平台包含四个针对开放课程的应用模块(开放课程管理模块、实时互动教学管理模块、学习效果评价管理模块、学习进度管理模块)和三个针对开放课程的系统管理模块(用户服务管理模块、学习社区管理模块、运维管理模块),采用了虚拟化、实时迁移、实时互动、智能视频、多媒体检索图像识别等关键技术实现各项功能。3、针对A高校的实际需求,开发并实现了基于云计算环境的开放课程学习平台的原型,并且对该校学生进行开放课程的教学实践。教学的资源既包括学校自行开发、生成的开放课程,也包括利用网络中已有的开放课程资源。最后,通过用例分析、问卷调查、数据统计等多种方式对平台的应用进行了初步的评价。研究表明,基于SECTIONS模式设计的云计算环境下开放课程的应用,可以支持学习者随时随地,以各种终端进行大规模在线点播互动学习；还能对学习效果进行跟踪,为“学分”的需求提供技术保障。平台使学习者“移动化”“碎片化”学习更为便利,更可以因此改变传统教学中教与学的比例,促进学习者自学能力的提高,真正实现以学习者为中心的应用目标。本文的研究具有较强的现实意义和应用价值,它使得开放课程的应用从单纯的资源供给向课程与教学的转变。对于云环境下学习方式、教学模式的改变以及教学平台乃至管理机制改革的研究具有借鉴作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Mr. Charles Vest, President of MIT, declared official launch of MIT Open Course Ware (OCW) in April2001in Time magazine, many world-renowned universities have joined the program in succession and OCW has flared up. In recent years, OCW has unfolded a new momentum. The rise of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) has enabled OCW to overcome the shortcomings of its traditional mode. Interactions and communications have become important elements in OCW. Meanwhile, as the cloud computing technology matures, its features including flexibility, scalability, sharing, low cost and serviceability have rendered new technical supports for the application of OCW.However, there are still some problems in OCW, such as inadequate interactions between teachers and students, lack of collaboration among learners, deficiency of learning effect tracking methods and lack of flexibility of traditional platform, which affect the in-depth application of OCW and cause the idleness and waste of many high-quality educational resources.In response to the situation, the thesis will, based on the practice, put forward viewpoints addressing the abovementioned problems as well as conduct platform designs and case studies.Starting from the status quo of OCW application, this thesis points out the deficiency in the current OCW and designs a learner-oriented Cloud Computing Based Open Course Learning System. The thesis focuses on the design, implementation, case application and evaluation of the system, aiming to allow learners to leverage the OCW system to effectively supplement formal learning through "fragmented" and "mobile" learning, thus empowering happy and liberal learning, which is conducive to the development of lifelong education in the entire society. In summary, the following aspects of work have been done: From the perspective of OCW practice and application, the thesis analyzes the deficiencies in current application of OCW, builds a SECTIONS Model of Cloud Computing Based Open Course Application, and designs and realizes the Cloud Computing Based Massive Real-time Interactive Learning System based on the SECTIONS Model. The main work of the thesis is as follows:1. The thesis analyzes the features of cloud computing based OCW, looking into the OCW application mode in terms of real-time interaction between teachers andstudents, tracking evaluation of learning effect, heterogeneous terminal access and other perspectives, building a SECTIONS Model of Cloud Computing Based OCW, and exploring the application of OCW from eight dimensions including learning support services (S), learning effect evaluation (E), knowledge sharing (C), information technology (T), interaction (I), open access (0), networked learning community (N) and sustainability (S).2. The thesis designs a Cloud Computing Based Massive Real-time Interactive Learning Platform based on the SECTIONS Model. The platform includes four OCW modules (OCW management, real-time interactive teaching management, learning effect evaluation management, and learning schedule management) and three management modules for OCW system (customer service management, learning community management, and operation and maintenance management), using key technologies such as virtualization, live migration, real-time interaction, intelligent video and multimedia retrieval and image recognition to ensure the realization of various functions.3. In the light of the actual needs of University A, the thesis develops and realizes the prototype of Cloud Computing Based OCW Learning Platform, providing OCW teaching to university students, the teaching content including both the OCW developed by the university on its own and the existing OCW resources in the Internet. Finally, the thesis conducts a preliminary evaluation on the application of the platform by means of case studies, questionnaires and statistics of actual usage.The study shows that the application of Cloud Computing Based OCW based on SECTIONS can support learners of large-scale interactive learning on demand online with various terminals at any time and any place; also can track the learning effect and technically guarantee the demand for "credit". The platform facilitates the "mobile" and "fragmented" learning for learners and can even change the proportion of teaching and learning in traditional teaching, promote the improvement on self-learning capabilities of learners and truly realize the goal of learner-centric application.The study in the thesis is of profound practical significance and application value, which transforms OCW application from the simple resource supply to curriculum and teaching, giving reference to the researches on the change of cloud computing based learning and teaching as well as the reform of teaching platform and management mechanism.更多还原