【作者】 刘军鹏；

【导师】 吴根友；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 中国哲学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 荀子是先秦儒家最后一位大师,亦是我国先秦时期学术思想的批判者和总结者。《荀子》一书含有丰富的社会管理思想,本文即选择从社会管理的视角对其作全盘梳理及考察,以阐发出荀子这一思想的历史价值和现实意义。本文首章即探讨荀子社会管理思想的哲学基础,并指出其中所蕴涵的管理学意义。从根本上说,荀子的哲学思想为其社会管理思想奠定了理论基础,其社会管理思想在一定意义上即是他的哲学思想在社会管理问题上的表现和拓展。荀子天人相分的思想使社会管理领域的问题真正意义上交给人类自身,社会管理存在的可能性由此也得到说明,他主张的明分理论便表现为社会分工和社会分层两个方面。而对人性问题的看法则关系到荀子对社会管理必要性和现实性的考虑。第二章主要梳理荀子关于国家制度及其管理方法的思想。王道和霸道是荀子社会管理思想在国家机制层面的两种基本方式和表现。王道是社会管理的最高境界,但是以诚信服人的霸道也是维护天下稳定的重要方面。总而言之,荀子的王霸思想是指向秩序性的社会管理状态,它们和礼乐刑政的社会制度是相互贯通的。第三章则对荀子的正名学说进行详细分析,即将荀子正名思想融入到社会管理的范畴下作一考察,揭示出它在管理社会方面的独特作用。本章特别指出,荀子的正名学说不仅在宏观的社会管理问题上具有实践性特征和很强的理论说服力,而且它在社会思想文化的控制方面也有着十分重大的作用。依靠正名学说及其指导精神,荀子对当时不利于社会管理和控制的因素进行批判和肃清,对社会人心的调正和导向进行了行之有效的理论阐释。本文最后一章专门论述荀子的理想社会及在理想社会之管理者的理想人格。荀子对理想社会的设想主要源自于孔孟的相关思想,在此基础上他集中对圣王和君子作了说明。荀子认为理想社会管理之道就在圣王身上,而圣王则通过移风易俗的方式来使社会大众化性成善,最终达到美善相乐的状态。除此之外,君子作为理想社会管理的主体,应当首先把自我管理做好,从而在公共社会领域才能真正起到上行下效的管理效果。荀子的社会管理的意蕴十分丰富,并不是本文所能穷尽的。通过本文的研究,其社会管理的基本内容和理论架构至少变得清晰了。为此本文还对荀子社会管理思想作出评价,以深化其思想的意义和本研究的价值,为现代化的社会管理提供可能的理论资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xunzi is the last master of Confucianism in the pre-qin dynasty, and he is also a critic and summarizer of the academic thoughts in the pre-qin dynasty. From the perspective of social management, this paper selects and investigates Xunzi, which contains rich thoughts of social management, to elucidate Xunzi’s historical value and practical significance.In this paper, the first chapter explores the philosophical foundation of social management thought, and points out the implied meaning of management. Fundamentally, Xunzi’s philosophy thoughts laid a theoretical foundation for its social management thought, and in one sense its social management thoughts are the performance and extension of his philosophy thought on social management. Xunzi’s thoughts of the separation of nature and man give social issues in the field of management to human beings truthfully, from which, the possibility of the existence of social management also receives instructions, and the "Mingfen" thoughts advocated by Xunzi show the two aspects of social labor division and social stratification. And views about human nature problem are related to Xunzi’s consideration for the necessity and feasibility of social management.The second chapter mainly combs Xunzi’s thought about national system and management method. King’s and ruler’s management art are the Xunzi’s basic way and performance in national social management mechanism level. King’s is the highest realm of social management, but at the same time, the ruler’s, that convince human by the good faith, is still the important aspect to maintain the stability of society. All in all, Xunzi’s thoughts of King’s and ruler’s management art refer to the state of social management order, and are mutually connected to the social system of feudal ethical code, music education, Punishment and political.The third chapter analyzes the theory of "Zhengming" in detail, categorizes this theory into social management field, and eventually reveals its unique role in the management of society. This chapter points out that Xunzi’s theory of "Zhengming" not only has practical characteristics and strong theoretical persuasion in the macro social management issues but also has a very significant role in control of society thought and culture. Relying on "Zhengming" theory and its guiding spirit, Xunzi criticized and eliminated the factors which are not beneficial to social management and control, and this gave the effective interpretation to society adjustable with guidanceThe last chapter specifically discusses Xunzi’s ideal society and management state under the ideal society. Mainly deriving from the related thoughts of Confucius, Xunzi’s idea of an ideal society concentrated on the explanation of the king and the gentleman. Xunzi places high hopes on the king on a ideal way of social management, while the king makes human become gentle through the way of transforming social traditions, and finally the good happy state is achieved.In addition, the gentleman, as the body of the ideal of social management should manage themselves in the first place, which can truly play the public social effect that the below follows the behavior of the above in the field of management.Xunzi’s social management connotation is so rich that this paper can not analyze it enough. Through the study of this article, the basic content and theoretical framework of social management become clear at least. This paper also makes evaluation on social management thought to deepen the meaning of the idea and the value of this research, and provides possible theory resources for modern social management.更多还原