【作者】 宋晓玲；

【导师】 刘志坚；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 行政管理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 本文针对我国政府公务员行政责任实现方面存在的实现不能、不力等突出的现实问题,以及学界对政府公务员行政责任实现的基本理论问题缺乏研究的实际,为适应国家建立健全公务员行政责任制度的实际需要,综合运用法理学、行政法学、管理学等相关学科的知识和原理,坚持正确的政治方向,理论紧密联系行政管理和行政法制建设的实际,主要运用规范研究、实证研究、系统分析等科学研究方法,研究并构建了政府公务员行政责任实现的理论体系,揭示了政府公务员行政责任实现的机理,并针对政府公务员行政责任实现过程中所存在的突出问题,就如何更加有效地实现政府公务员行政责任提出了相应的对策建议。本文正文的逻辑结构安排及主要研究内容包括以下六个部分：一、政府公务员行政责任实现的理论界定。政府公务员行政责任的实现是指基于多元要素的有机有效作用,经有序控制的正当程序,将政府公务员行政责任正确、及时、合法施加或者不施加于责任主体,从而有效实现既定责任目标与价值的行为过程与状态。政府公务员行政责任实现可以被划分为形式意义上的行政责任实现与实质意义上的行政责任实现、单一行政责任实现与复合行政责任实现、个体行政责任实现与整体行政责任实现、领导职务行政责任实现与非领导职务行政责任实现、内控型行政责任实现与外控型行政责任实现、作为义务行政责任实现与无作为义务行政责任实现等基本类型。政府公务员行政责任实现具有制度推行、义务实现、秩序维护、社会警示、廉政促进等价值。委托代理、权力制约、责任政府、行政法治等理论是政府公务员行政责任实现的理论基础。二、政府公务员行政责任实现存在的问题。政府公务员行政责任实现在实践中存在诸多问题,其中最为突出的问题就是行政责任实现不能、实现错误、实现瑕疵等实现不良问题。以“官本位”为代表的传统思想观念束缚、公务员行政伦理失范的影响、相关的体制性障碍、公务员行政责任本体制度不健全、实现行政责任的监督与救济机制不完善、不良政绩观的阻却、行政能力的限制等是导致政府公务员行政责任实现不良的主要成因。三、政府公务员行政责任实现的原则。政府公务员行政责任实现的原则,是行政责任实现主体在实现公务员行政责任的各个环节必须遵循的基本行为准则。政府公务员行政责任实现应当遵循多层次的原则体系,依法实现、平等对待、协调配合、合理衔接、监督问责是政府公务员行政责任实现的特有原则。四、政府公务员行政责任实现的要素分析。政府公务员行政责任实现的要素,是指政府公务员行政责任实现必须成就的最具基础性的条件或者因素。政府公务员行政责任实现包括行政责任规范的预设、涉责事实的客观存在与责任实现主体的能动作用三个基本构成要素。五、政府公务员行政责任实现的逻辑过程。政府公务员行政责任实现的过程,是指行政责任实现主体实现行政责任的各项活动在时间、空间上的表现与延续,是阶段性与持续性相统一的行为过程与状态。政府公务员行政责任实现逻辑过程可以被划分为涉责事实的发现、涉责事项的立案、涉责事项的议决、问责决定的执行、问责决定的救济五个阶段。六、有效实现政府公务员行政责任的路径选择。针对政府公务员行政责任实现在实践中所存在的突出问题及其成因,主要应当从培育行政伦理、改革相关体制机制、完善行政责任制度、优化问责监督制度、健全责任救济制度等路径入手促进政府公务员行政责任的有效实现。本文的研究,从学术理论意义而言,有助于构建关于政府公务员行政责任实现的理论知识体系,并为深化行政责任实现问题的研究提供必要的理论引导,促进相关理论的更新与发展；从实际应用价值而言,对研究中所涉及的诸多实践性问题作了必要的探讨,提出了富有针对性、可行性的有效实现政府公务员行政责任的具体对策建议,其研究成果对各级各类相关国家机关建立、完善行政责任制度,构建政府公务员行政责任有效实现的制度与机制有积极的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The issues that are unable and ineffective implementation and the lack of the basic theory research for the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility commonly exist in both practice and theory. The knowledge and the principle of the related discipline of Nomology, Administrative Law, and Public Management are applied to analyze the proposed problems. Furthermore, we adhere to the correct political orientation, and make the theory be close to the practical of the public management and the construction of the administrative legal system. This research devotes to constructing a theoretical knowledge system and exploring the general theoretical problem on the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility by introducing some methods such as the normative research, empirical research and system analysis. Moreover, we present the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to effectively implement the administrative responsibility of the civil servants.The logical structure and the contents of this paper are organized as following:(1)The theoretical definition on the implementation of the civil servants’administrative responsibility:The implementation of administrative responsibility is the behavior process and status that, under the interaction of multiple elements and the ordered control of due process, can realize the vested responsibility objective and value effectively by accurately, timely, and legally forcing negative legal consequences to the specific legal subject who is in the provisions of the administrative law. The fundamental implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility is divided into five types, including the implementation of the formal meaning and the material meaning, the signal administrative responsibility and the composite administrative responsibility, individual administrative responsibility and overall administrative responsibility, the implementation of the leadership positions and the implementation of the non-leadership positions, the implementation of the internal control of the administrative responsibility and the implementation of the external control of the administrative responsibility, and the implementation of the obligation and the implementation without obligation. The formal standard and the material standard may be used to evaluate the implementation status of the administrative responsibility. In this paper, we interpret the value problem about implementation of the government civil servants’ administrative responsibility, and clearly show that it is composed by five basic aspects, including the implementation of obligation, the promotion of system, the maintenance of order, the warming of society, and the promotion of integrity. There are many theoretical basics for the implementation of the civil servants’administrative, responsibility, including principal-agent, powers restriction, responsible government, and administrative law.(2)The existing issues of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility:A series of unsound implementation problems of civil servants’ administrative responsibility, such as inoperative implementation, error implementation, and defective implementation. The main reasons that result in the unsound implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility are the bondage of the traditional concept in the name of official rank standard, lacking administrative ethics, bad related system, unsound ontology system of administrative responsibility and imperfect related supervision and relief system, the hinder of the unsound performance concept, and the restriction of the administrative capacity, respectively.(3) The principle of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility: The principle for the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility is the basic conduct that the object of administrative accountability has to follow in each step that the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility. The implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility must follow the multi-level system. The special principle of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility is consisted of five parts, including the implementation obeying laws, fair play, coordination,reasonable cohesion, supervision and accountability.(4)The elements analysis of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility:The elements of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility are the basic conditions or factors that have to be met on the implementation of the administrative responsibility. The preset of the administrative responsibility standard, the objective existence of the responsibility facts and the active role of the main body of the administrative accountability are the basic elements for the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility.(5) The logical process of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility:The process of the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative is the manifestation and the stretch in time and space, and is the process and the state for the unity of periodic and continuous for the object of administrative accountability. The implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility is divided into five steps, including the finding of the fact concerning responsibility, the registering and the resolving of the matter concerning responsibility, the executing and relief of the decision concerning responsibility.(6)The path selection for the effective implementation of the civil servants’administrative responsibility:We present the countermeasures, including cultivating the administrative ethics, reforming the related system, perfecting the administrative responsibility system, optimizing the accountability supervision system, and sounding the responsibility relief system, to promote the effective implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility.Theoretically, this research may help governments to build the theory of knowledge on the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility. Furthermore, this study devotes to providing the necessary theoretical guidance to deepen the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility, and promote the theoretically development. Practically, this research makes the necessary discuss on the practical problem that involves in this study, and proposes the targeted and feasible countermeasure and suggestion on the implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility. The research achievements may provide the valuable reference for governments to establish their state organs at all levels, the perfection of the administrative responsibility system, and the establishment of the system and mechanism of the effectively implementation of the civil servants’ administrative responsibility.更多还原