【作者】 丁莹莹；

【导师】 李拓晨；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 能源危机是知识经济时代世界各国关注的重要话题。随着石油、煤炭等传统化石能源的不断枯竭，世界各国如美国、加拿大、日本、欧盟都在积极地开发风能、太阳能、海洋能等可再生能源，探索开发新能源是世界各国不容缓慢的艰巨任务。我国是海洋资源大国，海洋能资源开发利用情况虽比世界发达国家相比相对较晚，但呈现势不可挡的势头。社会发展的实践表明，技术创新与科技进步是一国经济持续增长的决定性力量。海洋能产业作为我国战略性新兴产业，政府在“十二五”规划中重点强调要大力发展海洋能产业，以期逐步实现清洁能源代替传统能源的目标。为实现海洋能产业的快速发展，技术创新是产业发展的源动力。因此，构建和深入研究我国海洋能产业技术创新系统具有重要理论价值和实践意义。论文主要包括以下内容：第一部分为国内外海洋能产业发作现状分析及启示。首先，介绍了海洋能及海洋能产业的内涵；然后，分析了我国海洋能产业发展的基本情况、优势条件和存在的主要问题；再者，介绍了国外海洋能产业的发展情况；在此基础上，归纳总结了国外海洋能产业发展的成功经验，为我国海洋能产业发展提供了借鉴价值。第二部分为我国海洋能产业技术创新系统的构建。首先，介绍了我国海洋能产业技术创新系统的内涵和特征；其次，根据我国海洋能产业技术创新系统的特点归纳总结了系统构建原则；再者，根据系统功能，给出了系统构成，即创新主体子系统和创新支撑子系统，并简要介绍了我国海洋能产业技术创新系统的运行机制；最后，构建了我国海洋能产业技术创新系统框架模型，深入阐释了系统内各构成要素之间的相互关系。第三部分为我国海洋能产业技术创新系统的实证评价。主要包括以下内容：（1）我国海洋能产业技术创新系统主体子系统研究。首先，介绍了主体子系统构成要素，包括大学、科研机构和企业；其次，根据三者在产学研创新网络中的功能，阐述了三者之间的相互关系；最后，采用社会网络分析法，通过国家海洋局收集第一手项目资料，整理归纳2010年来所有海洋能基金项目，使用UCINET6.0软件对我国海洋能产业技术创新系统主体子系统进行社会网络图谱评价分析，得出结论：目前大学和科研机构对网络的贡献程度较大，企业的贡献程度还有待进一步提升。（2）我国海洋能产业技术创新系统支撑子系统研究。首先，将支撑子系统划分为硬环境和软环境，硬环境包括基础设施条件和自然环境，软环境包括经济环境、资源环境、服务环境和法律政治环境；其次，对各个环境要素的功能和作用进行了理论分析；最后，使用结构方程模型实证分析环境要素对我国海洋能产业技术创新系统创新活动的影响及贡献程度，结果显示：我国海洋能产业目前的基础设施投入情况并不完善，经济环境对我国海洋能产业技术创新活动的贡献程度最大，其次是服务环境，法律政治环境次之，资源环境贡献程度相对较差。（3）我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行机制研究。首先，介绍了技术创新动力要素，具体包括创新主体的创新意识、创新主体对创新收益的追求、政府政策引导支持、市场需求拉动、产业资源保障、科学技术进步和市场竞争压力，使用结构方程模型实证分析了各技术创新动力要素对我国海洋能产业技术创新系统创新活动的影响大小；接着，阐释了运行机制中的创新扩散机制、信息传导机制、协调机制和保障机制。（4）我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效评价研究。首先，界定了我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效的内涵，技术创新能力是评价运行绩效的关键指标；其次，介绍了运行绩效评价指标体系的构建原则和构建维度；在此基础上，通过专家访谈、实地考察和调查问卷等方式，完成了指标的选取和指标体系的构建，并简要介绍了运行绩效评价指标赋权方法的选择过程；最后，通过现有评价方法的对比分析，确定了在指标权重计算方面采用格栅获取法和模糊Borda数分析法，在运行绩效评价方面选择模糊综合评价法，最终实证结果显示：我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效目前处于中等阶段，产业技术创新能力尚有较大的发展空间。第四部分为提升我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效的对策研究。基于前文的实证分析结果和相关研究，提出了提升我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效的对策，具体包括基于创新主体子系统提升我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效的对策和基于创新支撑子系统提升我国海洋能产业技术创新系统运行绩效的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy crisis is a worldwide hot topic under the knowledge economy era. With thecontinuous depletion of traditional fossil fuels such as oil and coal, the countries in the worldsuch as the United States, Canada, Japan, the European are actively developing wind, solar,ocean energy and other renewable energy. Exploring and developing new energy is a veryurgent task. China is rich in marine resources, ocean energy resource development andutilization is relatively late compared with developed countries in the world, but it presentsthe unstoppable momentum. The practice of social development shows that technologicalinnovation and scientific progress is the decisive force for the sustained economic growth in acountry. Ocean energy industry is the strategic emerging industry in China, and thegovernment emphasis that it should be vigorously developed in the12nd Five-Year Plan witha view to progressively realize clean energy instead of traditional energy. In order to realizethe rapid development of the ocean energy industry, technological innovation is the source forthe development of industry. Therefore, construct the technology innovation system of themarine energy indusry, which has important theoretical and practical significance. The paperincludes the following contents:The first part is the analysis of domestic and international ocean energy industrydevelopment status and revelation. Firstly, the connotation of ocean energy and ocean energyindustry; Then, analyze the basic situation, the advantage conditions and main problems;Furthermore, the foreign ocean energy industry development; On the basis, summarize thesuccessful experience of the foreign marine industrial development, and provide a referencevalue for the development of ocean energy industry in China.The second part is the construction of Chinese ocean energy industry technologyinnovation system. Firstly, the connotation and characteristics of Chinese ocean energyindustry technology innovation system; Secondly, summarize the principle of technologyinnovation system according to Chinese ocean energy industry; Furthermore, refine thesystme structure according to the system functions, namely innovation subject subsystem,innovaiton support subsystem and opertaion mechanism; Finally, establish the technology innovation system framework model of ocean energy industry and deeply interpret therelationships among the three elements of the system.The third part is the evaluation research of technology innovation system for oceanenergy industry. This part is as empirical analysis:(1)Innovation subject subsystem study.Firstly, the subject subsystem elements, including universities, research institutions andenterprises; Secondly, describe the relationships according to the function of the threeresearch innovation network and point out that the three cannot miss in the innovationnetwork and each play their strengths; Finally, use the social network analysis and gather thefirst-hand project information through the State Oceanic Administration, summarize allmarine energy fund projects since2010, use UCINET6.0software to evaluate and analyze theinnovaiton subject subsystem and form the social network map. The results show thatuniversities and research institutions play an important role in the network map, thecontribution degree of enterprises need to be further improved.(2)Innovation supportsubsystem study. Firstly, the support subsystem is divided into hard environment and softenvironment. The hard environment includes infrastructure conditions and the naturalenvironment, the soft environment includes the economic environment, resource environment,service environment, legal and political environment; Then, analyze the functions and roles ofvarious environmental factors; Finally, based on the theory of structural equation model,research on empirical analysis of environmental factors on the impact of ocean energyindustry tehchology innovation system activities and the contribution degree, the results showthat infrastructure investment is not perfect, the economice environment is up to the largestcontribution, followed by the service environment, legal and political environment, theresource environment is relatively poor.(3)Operation mechanism study. Firstly, technologicalinnovation power factor is concluded the sense of innovation, the pursuit of innovaitonsubject, the government policies support, market demand, industry resource protection,science and technology progress, market competition pressure. Through structural equationmodel, the paper analyzes the power factors on the impact of ocean energy industrytehchnology innovaiton system activities using AMOS17.0software. Finally, shown by wayof figure, explain innovation diffusion mechanism, information transmission mechanism,coordination mechanism, safeguard mechanism.(4)Operation performance evaluation study.Firstly, define the concept of operation performance according to industry practical demand, technological innovaiton capability is the key indicator to evaluate operation performance;Secondly, introduce the construction principles and dimensions of operation performanceevaluation indicator system; Then, through expert interviews, site visits and questionnaire,complete the selection of indicators and the construction of indicator system, and simplydescribe the selection process of operation performance evaluation indicator weigh; Finally,through a comparative analysis of existing evaluation methods, determine the Grille Accessand Fuzzy Borda Number Analysis in the indicator weight calculation, and FuzzyComprehensive Evaluation method in the terms of operation performance evaluation. Theresults show that operation performance of ocean energy industry technology innovationsystem is currently in the middle stage and it exists greater development space.The fourth part is to enhance operation performance of ocean energy industry technologyinnovation system study. Based on the foregoing empirical analysis results, the paperproposes countermeasures for operation performance of ocean energy industry technologyinnovation system, specifically including based innovation subject subsystem and innovaitonsupport subsystem to improve the operation performance of ocean energy industry technologyinnovaiton system.更多还原