【作者】 刘亚丽；

【导师】 杜君；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，中国共产党一直非常重视少数民族干部教育，并将其作为事关全党大局的战略性和基础性工作来抓。30多年来，党坚持以马克思主义为指导，围绕改革开放和有中国特色社会主义建设的伟大实践，结合我国少数民族干部实际，不断提出少数民族干部教育的新思路、新举措、新部署，多渠道、多层次、多形式地开展少数民族干部教育，培养了一批批德才兼备的少数民族干部，不仅提高了少数民族干部教育的科学化水平，形成了具有中国特色的少数民族干部教育体系，而且有效地维护了国家稳定和祖国统一，加快了少数民族和民族地区发展，推进了我国小康社会建设进程。马克思恩格斯的干部教育思想和列宁、斯大林的少数民族干部教育思想，为新时期党的少数民族干部教育提供了理论依据。毛泽东的少数民族干部教育思想，为新时期党的少数民族干部教育提供了坚实的理论基础。邓小平、江泽民和胡锦涛在此基础上，对新时期党的少数民族干部教育给予了理论上的指导。新时期，中国共产党少数民族干部教育经历了恢复调整时期、制度化时期、规范化时期。由于各时期少数民族干部教育工作面临的形势任务不同，分别结合实际情况开展了各有侧重的少数民族干部教育工作，起到了积极的历史作用，使党顺利完成了不同阶段的工作任务。在新时期里，中国共产党结合世情、国情、党情的新变化，不断丰富和优化少数民族干部教育内容，注重提升少数民族干部的思想理论水平、专业文化知识水平和执政能力。其主要教育内容包括：政治理论教育、民族理论和民族政策教育、思想道德教育、保持党的先进性和纯洁性实践教育、专业文化知识教育和执政能力培养。这既是对新时期以前党的少数民族干部教育内容的继承，又体现鲜明的时代特色，实现了与时俱进。新时期，中国共产党少数民族干部教育的基本途径是：专职干部培训机构教育、大中专院校教育、干部在职教育和实践锻炼。新时期，中国共产党坚持拓宽少数民族干部教育途径，满足了这个时期大规模培训少数民族干部、大幅度提高少数民族干部素质的需要。30多年来，中国共产党在少数民族干部教育的伟大实践中，呈现出了新的阶段性时代性特征，形成了以下特点：注重从战略上谋划少数民族干部教育，注重培养少数民族干部的执政能力，注重少数民族干部教育模式的创新，注重少数民族干部培训的教材建设，注重完善少数民族干部政策。中国共产党少数民族干部教育的历史经验有：服务党的工作大局是少数民族干部教育的根本要求，马克思主义民族观是少数民族干部教育的重要任务，与时俱进是少数民族干部教育的时代特征，分级分类是少数民族干部教育的基本方法，完善制度是少数民族干部教育的重要手段，拓宽渠道是少数民族干部教育的重要保障。中国共产党少数民族干部教育的现实启示是：把加强党的领导作为少数民族干部教育的根本保证，把三型政党建设作为少数民族干部教育的重要目标，把思想政治教育作为少数民族干部教育的首要任务，把创新路求实效作为少数民族干部教育的根本要求，把科学化的制度作为少数民族干部教育的重要手段，把开放型师资队伍作为少数民族干部教育重要保障。总之，本文从追溯我国少数民族干部教育的理论基础入手，在系统总结新时期中国共产党的少数民族干部教育实践基础上，深入研究了我国少数民族干部教育的主要内容、基本途径、主要特点、历史经验和现实启示等问题，最后对新时期中国共产党少数民族干部教育进行概括和评价，为当前和今后深入推进我国少数民族干部教育工作，提供了有益的参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since reform and opening up，the Communist Party of China has been attachinggreat importance to the education of minority nationality cadres and take it as thestrategic and groundwork concerning the overall situation of the whole Party. For thirtyyears, guided by the Marxism, centering on reform and opening up and the practice ofbuilding socialism with Chinese characteristics, aligning with the reality of minoritynationality cadres, our Party puts forwards new ideas, takes new measures and newdeploys, and carries on the minority nationality cadre education through multi-channel,at multi-level, and in multi-form. Groups of cadres who combine ability with politicalintegrity have been trained. This does not only raise the scientization level and formthe system with Chinese characteristics of the minority nationality cadre education, butalso maintain the national stability and unity effectively, and promote the developmentof economic society of the minority nationality and the territory of nationality, andspeed up the process of building well-off society in an all-around way.The cadre educational thought of Marx and Engels and the minority andnationality cadre educational thought of Lenin, Stalin and Mao Zedong providetheoretical basis for our Party’s minority and nationality cadre education in the newperiod. Based on that, Deng Xiaoping, jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao gave theoreticalguidance on how to educate the minority nationality cadres. In the new period, theeducation of minority nationality cadres goes through three stages. They are therecover and adjustment stage, the institutionalization stage, and the standardizationstage. Be faced with different situation and tasks in different period, our Party carry onthe education of minority nationality cadres with different emphasis at different stages.The minority nationality cadre education plays an active historical function and helps our Party fulfill the tasks of different stages smoothly.In the new period, CCP constantly enriches and optimizes the contents of theminority nationality cadre education along with the new change of the situation of theworld, the nation, and the Party. It lays emphasis on raising the thinking, theoreticaland professional knowledge level of the minority nationality cadres and training theirability to govern. The chief contents of the minority nationality cadre educationinclude education on political theory, ethnic theory and ethnic policy education,ideological and moral education, the practical education of keeping the Party’sprogressiveness and purity, the professional cultural knowledge education and thetraining of the ability to govern. This is the inheritance of the contents of the minoritynationality cadre education before the new period, and incorporates the distinct eracharacteristics by advancing with the times. In the new period, the basic approaches tothe minority nationality cadre education are the education of full-time cadre trainingagency, the education of university and moderate speciality school, in-serviceeducation and practical training. In this new period, CCP adhere to broaden the way ofthe minority nationality cadre education to satisfy the need of training the minoritynationality cadres on a large scale and the need of substantial quality improvement ofthe themFor thirty years, the minority nationality cadre education of CCP is featured bylaying emphasis on the strategic design of it, on the training of the ability to govern, onthe innovation of the education model, on the textbook compilation of it, and on theperfection of the minority nationality cadre policy. The historical experience of theminority nationality cadre education can be summarized as serving the general worksituation of our Party which is the fundamental requirement of the minority nationalitycadres education, carrying the education on the Marxism national viewpoint which isits the important task, advancing with the times which is its time feature, educatingwith hierarchical classification which is its basic method, perfecting the system whichis its important means, and expanding the channels which is its significant guarantee. The realistic enlightment of the minority nationality cadres education is takingstrengthening the leadership of the Party as the fundamental guarantee of the minoritynationality cadre education, taking constructing the three-type Party as its importantgoal, taking carrying on ideological and political education as its primary task, takingestablishing the scientific system as its significant means, taking reinforcing theopen-type teaching staff construction as its important guarantee.In short, starting from the theoretical basis of the minority nationality cadreeducation, on the basis of systematically summarizing the practice of the minoritynationality cadre education in the new period, the author of the thesis made an in-depthstudy of the chief contents, the basic approaches, the chief features, the historicalexperience and the realistic enlightment of the minority nationality cadre education andmade generalization and appraisal on the new period minority nationality cadreeducation of CCP to provide helpful reference for thorough advancement of theminority nationality cadre education at present and in the future.更多还原