【作者】 金明艳；

【导师】 柳英绿；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 我们认为，存现句并非汉语独有的句类。“某处所存在某事物”就是大多数国家或民族都需要表达的一种认识，这种认识在各种语言中就表现为存在句式。因此，本文在语料分析的基础上，首先对韩国语存现句的性质、范围、类型等相关内容进行了界定，并建立了韩国语存现句的句式范畴。然后，对韩汉语两种语言的存现句的句法、语义进行了对比研究，试图找出韩汉语存现句之间的相同点和不同点以便能够有效地认识和掌握各自的特点。另外，我们通过大量的例句对韩国语存现句中的存在词“”、“”和辅助谓词“/”的性质进行了界定。文中在把韩汉语存现句共分为6种类型的基础上，即韩国语存现句类型为K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6；汉语存现句类型为C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6,对韩汉语存现句进行了句法、语义两个方面的对比研究。文章共分为九章内容，详细情况如下：第一章，主要介绍选题的价值和意义、选题的范围、使用的理论与方法以及全文的主要内容。第二章，主要介绍韩汉语存现句的研究现状和汉语存现句的性质、范围、分类的依据及其相关问题，并对韩国语存现句的性质、范围、类型及其相关问题进行了界定。第三章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K1、C1中的NP1、VP、NP2、句法结构和句法成分以及句首为惯用型短语的K1和介词短语的C1；第二节，对比K1、C1的语义特征、语义结构、语义成分、语义指向以及句模。第四章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K2、C2中的NP1、VP、NP2、句法结构和句法成分以及句首为惯用型短语的K2和介词短语的C2；第二节，对比K2、C2的语义特征、语义结构、语义成分、语义指向以及句模。第五章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K3、C3中的NP1、VP、NP2、句法结构和句法成分以及句首为惯用型短语的K3和介词短语的C3；第二节，对比K3、C3的语义特征、语义结构、语义成分、语义指向以及句模。第六章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K4、C4中的NP1、VP、NP2、句法结构和句法成分以及句首为惯用型短语的K4和介词短语的C4；第二节，对比K4、C4的语义特征、语义结构、语义成分、语义指向以及句模。第七章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K5、C5中的NP1、VP、NP2、句法结构和句法成分以及句首为惯用型短语的K5和介词短语的C5；第二节，对比K5、C5的语义特征、语义结构、语义成分、语义指向以及句模。第八章，主要分为两节内容。第一节，对比K6、C6中的NP1、VP、NP2以及句首为惯用型短语的K6和介词短语的C6；第二节，对比K6、C6中VP的语义特征，即K6中的趋向动词、“V+趋向性辅助谓词”和C6趋向动词、“V+趋向动词”以及K6、C6中的瞬间动词。第九章，主要介绍了本文的薄弱环节和今后需要补充研究的内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 We consider that existential sentences are not the kind of sentences that particularly appear in Chinese.“something exists somewhere” which is presented as the existential sentence in various kinds of languages, is the recognition that most countriesand nations need to express. Thus，on the basis of corpus analysis, this paper firstly had a comparative study on the nature, scope, classification and related information of existential sentences and established the sentence category of Koreanexistential sentences. Secondly,this paper had a comparative study on the syntax and semantic of existential sentences in Korean and Chinese,trying to find out the nature ofexistential sentences in Korean and Chinese and also the relationship between them. In addition, through a lot of example sentences,we defined the nature of core terms inKorean existential sentences “”、“”and the nature of auxiliary verbs“/”. In this paper, existential sentences in Korean and Chinese is divided into six types.The types of Korean existential sentences are signed as K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6；The types of Chinese existential sentences are signed as C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6.According to that, this paper had a comparative study on existentialsentences in Korean and Chinese. The paper is divided into nine chapters, the details are as follows:The first chapter, mainly introduces the value and significance of topic selection,the scope of the selected topic, the theory and method of the selected topic and the main content of the paper.The second chapter, mainly introduces the research status of existential sentencesin Korean and Chinese and defines the nature, scope, classification and related problem of existential sentences in Korean and Chinese.The third chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K1、C1and has a syntactic a nalysis on K1which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C1which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features, semanticstructure and semantic composition, semantic orientation and sentence model of K1and C1.The forth chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K2、C2and has a syntactic analysis on K2which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C2which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features, semanticstructure and semantic composition, semantic orientation and sentence model of K2and C2.The fifth chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K3、C3and has a syntactic analysis on K3which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C3which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features, semantic structure and semantic composition, semantic orientation and sentence model of K3and C3.The sixth chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K4、C4and has a syntactic analysis on K4which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C4which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features, semantic structure and semantic composition, semantic orientation and sentence model of K4and C4.The seventh chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K5、C5and has a syntactic analysis on K5which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C5which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features, semantic structure and semantic composition, semantic orientation and sentence model of K5and C5.The eighth chapter, is mainly divided into two parts. The first part mainly compares NP1,VP,NP2, syntactic structure, syntax ingredient in K6、C6and has a syntactic analysis on K6which sentence-initial is idiomatic phrases and C6which sentence-initial is prepositional phrase; The second part compares the semantic features of VP inC6and K6,which includes tendency verbs in K6,“V+tendency auxiliary verb”, C6tendency verbs,“V+tendency verbs”and instant verbs in K6and C6.The ninth chapter maily introduces the weak link of this paper and the content that needs to be added in the future.更多还原