【作者】 费菲；

【导师】 戴慎；

【作者基本信息】 南京中医药大学 ， 中医医史文献， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 中医研究生培养作为我国研究生培养的重要组成部分,对祖国传统医学的振兴以及医学卫生事业的整体发展具有重要意义。近年来,在扩招的大背景下,中医研究生的数量日益俱增,但规模的扩张和数量的增多绝不能以质量的下滑为代价。中医研究生教育的核心问题就是提高培养质量。中医研究生培养质量的提高是一个复杂的系统工程,包涵了不同层次和维度的影响因素。只有对研究生培养质量的影响因素进行持续的过程控制和不断的改革,才能保证和不断提高研究生培养质量。本论文在文献研究的基础上,首次明确了中医研究生培养质量的概念及其内涵。通过梳理、总结前人的研究成果,从理论层面提炼出影响中医研究生培养质量的九个潜在变量。选取中医研究生的视角,以全国七所中医高等院校的中医研究生作为研究对象,综合运用量性研究与质性研究对中医研究生培养质量的影响因素进行细致分析。一方面,首先通过对调查问卷中的各个测验项目做逐一的描述性分析及相关的统计检验,以深入了解中医研究生群体对培养质量现状及其影响因素的认识和评价。再借由回归分析,利用统计软件SPSS18.0对发放的调查问卷进行量性分析,对影响中医研究生培养质量的九个因素按照影响程度的高低进行了排序,对当前中医研究生培养质量影响因素的关键维度进行了探究,并在此基础上创新性地构建了以教学、科研和管理三大关键维度为主体,包涵理论课程、临床实践、传统文化、导师指导、科研课题、学术氛围、招生考核、学位论文八个影响因素、23个观测变量的中医研究生培养质量影响因素的概念模型和理论假设。通过对该模型的实证研究,进一步论证了概念模型与理论假设的合理性与正确性,并对中医研究生培养质量影响因素现实模型的结果进行了评价,挖掘出三大关键维度之间的作用关系及对中医研究生培养质量影响程度最高的核心维度。同时,还深入探究了模型中多个变量对中医研究生培养质量的影响路径和作用效应,最终得出量性研究的结论。另一方面,借由扎根理论,进行以小组访谈为主要形式的质性研究,从被访者的角度——中医研究生的视角,直接获取第一手资料,探究当前中医研究生培养质量的效果。对访谈资料进行反复地分析、比较和归纳,在充分了解和理解中医研究生群体对研究生培养质量及其影响因素的态度、想法和观点的基础上,通过逐级编码将现象概念化,最终提炼出反映研究现象的核心类属概念及其意义关系,以期在真实、生动的原始资料基础上深入了解现象背后的原因,寻求原始资料中具有关联性的因素,最终实现了对中医研究生培养质量影响因素的逐层归纳以及各因素之间复杂关系的梳理。通过深入发掘,提炼出中医研究生培养质量的十个影响因素(个人因素作为一个补充因素,被受访研究生补充提及),并对其中的重要影响因素(三个)和直接影响因素(四个)做了细致的区分。此外还对它们各自不同的影响程度以及各因素之间的相互作用关系和不同作用方式进行了探讨,最后得出质性研究的结论。本论文通过整合量性和质性研究,使得研究的量化数据分析与质性描述资料的结果相互补充,这样既克服了量性研究的预设性理论模式对采用资料和所得结论范围的“程式化”局限,同时也尽可能避免了质性研究样本的代表性和普遍的应用性存在的不足,从而扩大了研究的广度和范围,也使得最终的研究成果更真实、全面和丰富。本论文的研究结论,进一步明晰了中医研究生培养质量的影响因素构成及其不同的作用关系和结构路径,从研究生群体需求的角度明确了目前中医研究生培养质量存在的迫切需要解决的问题,并探寻了解决的途径,从而为中医高等院校和研究生管理部门对中医研究生教育的有效探索提供全新的探究视角、科学的理论依据以及真实的数据支持和原始资料佐证。这有助于我们明晰把握中医研究生培养质量的实质,进一步丰富中医研究生教育理论；也有助于我们挖掘和开辟提高中医研究生培养质量的新路径,实现中医研究生教育的规模、质量和效益的协调发展。本研究期望可以弥补目前中医研究生培养质量及其影响因素研究领域里量性研究的不足,以及质性研究的空白。同时也为本人今后对此方向的进一步研究打下扎实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being an important part of national postgraduate cultivation, Chinese Medicine postgraduate education is of great significance to the overall development and revitalization of traditional Chinese Medicine as well as the medical and health undertaking. In recent years, under the background of enrollment expansion in higher education, the number of Chinese Medicine postgraduates has increased rapidly, at the expense of a decline in cultivation quality. As one of the pressing issues in Chinese Medicine postgraduate education, the improvement of cultivation quality of Chinese Medicine postgraduate education is a complex and systematic project that consists of influencing factors at different levels and dimensions. It is only through continuous process control of its influencing factors and various reform measures that the postgraduate cultivation quality can be ensured and improved.Based on literature research, this paper tries to demonstrate the concept and connotation of Chinese Medicine postgraduate cultivation quality, theoretically summarize its9influencing factors. Through selecting postgraduates from7Chinese Medicine universities and colleges from the very perspective of postgraduates, the detailed analysis on the influencing factors of Chinese Medicine postgraduate cultivation quality is given with integrated approach of quantitative and qualitative research.On the one hand, the descriptive analysis and statistical test of data gathered in questionnaires is carried out so as to understand how Chinese Medicine postgraduates perceive and evaluate the cultivation quality. Further quantitative research is conducted by Regression Analysis with the help of SPSS18.0. As such, the9latent variables are sorted in accordance with differenct impact, and a conceptual model and theory hypothesis with teaching, research and administration as the three key dimensions is put forward, demonstrated and then varified, composed of influencing factors of theoretical courses, clinical practice, traditional culture, mentoring, scientific research projects, intellectural atmosphere, admission approaches, and degree papers. Along with that, the interrelationship of three key dimensions and the core dimension is dug up, and the structural paths as well as interaction effects of multiple variables in the model are explored in the process.On the other hand, following the Grounded Theory, group interviews, as one form of qualitative research, are conducted to obtain first-hand information from the perspective of Chinese Medicine postgraduates. All the materials from interviews are analyzed,compared and summarized so that the attitudes and standpoints of postgraduates torwards the cultivation quality, as well as the present situation of the cultivation quality might be understood well. By fact digging and encoding step by step, the core concepts that reflect the phenomenon and its relations of meaning are extracted so that the real reasons behind the phenomenon would be sought out on the basis of the vivid and authentic materials, and different effects and complicated interactions of influencing factors would be explored as well.10influencing factors (personal-related factor is added up by interviewees) of Chinese Medicine postgraduate cultivation quality are extracted in the qualitative research. Moreover, a distinction between three significant factors and four direct factors is made. Likewise, the specific impact and interrelation among influencing factors is probed into in the research.This paper aims to find a link between the results of quantitative analysis and qualitative research through comparing, analyzing and complementing. As such, not only the limitations of data collection and conclusion range brought on by the default theoretical model in quantitative research could be overcome, but also shortcomings of the sample representative and universal applicability in qualitative research could be avoided as much as possible. Thus, it expands the range and scope of the study, and makes a more comprehensive final result. The research attempts to clarify factors influencing the cultivation quality of Chinese Medicine postgraduates and their interplay and respective interaction effects, and to discuss the measures need taking to tackle problems of present Chinese Medicine postgraduate education from the very perspective of postgraduates, thus providing new perspectives, logical proofs, data support and first-hand materials evidence for exploration of TCM universities and colleges. Hopefully, it could make up for the deficiency of the quantitative and qualitative research regarding this issue, which might also lay solid foundation for personal further study.更多还原