【作者】 邹灏；

【导师】 张寿庭； 徐旃章；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 川东南地区重晶石-萤石成矿带是我国重要的重晶石、萤石成矿带之一，在该成矿带上已发现的重晶石-萤石矿床（点）达到134个，重晶石-萤石矿脉已超过310条，分布面积大于1.8万平方公里，具有分布范围广，矿体规模大，延伸长度长和多层位赋矿等特点。本文在对川东南重晶石-萤石矿的成矿控制条件，成矿物质来源和矿床成因研究的基础上，总结了成矿规律，并对该成矿带进行了成矿预测，提出了找矿方向，为研究区及邻区成因类似的矿床进一步的找矿勘探工作提供了重要的理论依据。川东南重晶石-萤石矿受建造和构造双重因素共同控制。研究区及邻区已出露的重晶石-萤石矿床主要赋存于下奥陶统碳酸盐岩地层中，层控矿床特征明显。且严格受NE向褶断带和NW向断裂带所控制，NE向褶断带为导矿断裂系统，重晶石-萤石矿均无一例外的赋存于NW向容矿断裂破碎带中。根据萤石和重晶石的REE配分模式、δEu、δCe和Y/Ho分异特征，推断川东南重晶石-萤石成矿带上不同矿体的成矿物质来源是来自同一成矿热流体场，属同期形成的；但重晶石和萤石的成矿物质分别来自不同的地层。根据Tb/Ca-Tb/La关系图与La/Yb-∑REE关系图，研究区重晶石-萤石矿床为热液成因，成矿物质主要来自沉积岩地层。流体包裹体测温结果表明，研究区矿床为中低温矿床，成矿过程由中低温向低温演化。流体包裹体的氢氧同位素证据显示，成矿流体来源是多源的，主要为建造水、大气降水和海水。根据同位素和微量元素结果显示，寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层均可为成矿提供足够的Ca，Ca的来源应为多源的；下寒武统牛蹄塘组为Ba的主要源层。上震旦统陡山沱组-下寒武统明心寺组地层可为研究区成矿物质F提供物源。成矿物质中的S主要来源于该区的寒武系蒸发岩。根据火石垭矿区的萤石Sm-Nd等时线年龄为104±14Ma，表明研究区成矿时代主要为燕山晚期。根据矿床地质特征、控矿因素和成矿机制等研究表明，川东南地区重晶石-萤石矿床为中低温热液成因-断裂带充填交代型层控矿床。通过研究确定建造、构造、围岩、遥感、地球物理-化学探测等方面的成矿预测标志，圈定了找矿靶区，为川东南重晶石-萤石矿的进一步找矿工作指明了方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The barite-fluorite metallogenic belt of southeast Sichuan is one of the importantmetallogenic belt with barite and fluorite in China. They have134barite-fluoritedeposits and more than310ore bodies been found in this metallogenic, and thedistribution area of more than18000square kilometers. These deposits have a widedistribution, large ore body size, long extension length and many layers of ore. Basingon the study of the mineralization control condition, metallogenic material source andgenesis, this thesis summarizes the metallogenic regularities and puts forwardmetallogenic prediction of the metallogenic belt, in order to provide an importanttheoretical basis for the further exploration work about similar deposits in study areaand its adjacent area.The barite-fluorite deposits of southeast Sichuan controlled by the formation andthe structure. The host rocks of the barite-fluorite deposit are mainly the lowerordovician carbonate strata, and they are obvious stratabound ore deposits. Meanwhile,they controlled by NE fold-fault belts and NW belts strictly, NE fold-fault belts arepassage structures and barite-fluorite are all occurred in NW storage fault zone.REE geochemical analysis, δEu, δCe and Y/Ho results indicate that many oredeposits (points) in barite-fluorite metallogenic belt of southeast Sichuan havecontemporaneous and homologous characteristics, and ore-forming materials offluorite and barite come from different stratums, they formed during the same periodbut came from different sources. Eu and Ce anomaly of ore Prove metallogenicenvironment is high oxygen fugacity open system. According to Tb/Ca-Tb/Larelationship diagram and La/Yb-REE relationship diagram display that barite-fluoritedeposits of the study area are hydrothermal origin, and have no relationship withmagmatic activity, metallogenic materials from sedimentary stratum.Barite and fluorite mineralization in the study area belongs to the middle-lowtemperature ore deposit. The temperature in the ore-forming process is reduced. Fromthe Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data collected, it shows that the source ofhydrothermal fluid in the study area is multi-source, which is mainly from theformation water, meteoric water and sea water.According to the studies of isotope and trace elements, Cambrian-ordoviciancarbonate strata can provide enough Ca for mineralization, the source of the Ca formulti-source. Main source layer of Ba is the lower Cambrian Niutitang group. the upper sinian doushantuo group-the Lower Cambrian Mingxinsi group formation canprovide source for ore-forming materials F in the study area. the ore-forming materialof S is mainly from the Cambrian evaporates. According to the fluorite Sm-Ndisochron age of Huoshiya barite-fluorite deposit is104±14Ma, indicates that themetallogenic era of study area mainly for late yanshanian movement.According to the ore deposit geological characteristics, ore-controlling factorsand metallogenic mechanism study, these deposits belong to low temperaturehydrothermal genesis-fault zone filling metasomatic deposits. Determinedmetallogenic prediction marker by the studes of formation, structure, wall rockalteration, remote sensing, etc, the prospecting target areas are delineated, and pointedout the direction for further ore prospecting the barite-fluorite deposits.更多还原