【作者】 石树芳；

【导师】 肖瑞峰；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 本文以唐人选唐诗为主要研究对象,深入探讨唐代诗歌繁荣与选本兴盛的社会动力与学术渊源,并以汉书学、文选学、类书为切入点勾勒隋唐之际社会思潮的演变轨迹。全面考察《翰林学士集》、《才调集》、《珠英学士集》、《丹阳集》、《荆扬挺秀集》、《河岳英灵集》、《箧中集》的时代特色与批评价值,试图在总体关照与专题拓展的基础上将唐人选唐诗研究向纵深推进。第一部分探讨唐人选唐诗生成的历史地域因缘。唐人选唐诗的兴起既是文学现象也是社会现象,与选学兴盛、类书涌现、科举改革、创作繁荣的时代氛围密切相关。初唐时期民间研习之风由“汉书学”转向“文选学”,宫廷喜好由修撰史书转向游宴唱和,科举考试诗赋渐占主导,三股力量互相作用共同推动诗歌创作走向兴盛。“文选学”在“汉书学”的基础上萌芽成长,李善的著述教授活动使得“文选学”由学术一途转向文学一途,至此“文选学”与唐诗发展呈现渐趋清晰的联系。初唐《文选》续作的大量涌现为唐人选唐诗的出现奠定基础,《文选》在选录宗旨、文学追求等方面为唐人选唐诗提供范本,优秀的“唐人选唐诗”多以《文选》为逻辑起点。二者的地域因缘表现在“文选学”由扬润到京师,“诗选学”由京师到扬润,传播路线相同,方向相反,都与扬润地区有着不解之缘。类书兼具史学与文学的双重性质,是史学向文学过渡的重要桥梁。抄撮之风的盛行,赋体文学的发展,藏书事业的兴盛是唐代类书高度繁荣的基础,类书促使诗歌创作走上普泛化、技术化的普及之路,并为唐人选唐诗提供构建模式。唐人选唐诗中选择大于抄撮者多受《文选》影响,如《河岳英灵集》、《中兴间气集》,抄撮大于选择者多受类书影响,如《翰林学士集》、《唐写本唐人选唐诗》、《才调集》。第二部分衡定唐人选唐诗在文学史、批评史上的地位与影响。一、唐人选唐诗揭示唐诗的发展历程,由古体——近体,由五言——七言,为文学体裁的内部演变提供佐证。二、唐人选唐诗再现诗歌复古与革新理论的互动与碰撞。唐诗创作在复古与革新的屡次论争中走向高潮,唐人选唐诗亦循此径徘徊前进。三、唐人选唐诗凸显诗歌教化功能与审美功能交替进行的演变历程。四、唐人选唐诗体现诗歌与音乐的密切关系,表明诗、词之间的渗透交融。第三部分为专题研究。以崔融、殷璠、元结编选的六部选本为考察重点。崔融《珠英学士集》在701—706间的任何时段成书皆有可能,斯2717抄写较为规范,基本符合“官班为次”的编排规则,但伯3771重出复见,对《珠英学士集》的体例研究帮助极其有限。《珠英学士集》非唱和集,具有相对明确的编选宗旨,折射崔融数年宦海沉浮与两度从军边塞的个人际遇。悲慨之风是《《珠英学士集》的主要风格,过渡性质是《珠英学士集》的时代特色。《珠英学士集》的选本意义在于：一、表明宫廷文人由元老重臣向中举士子转变,新兴阶层迅速崛起并逐渐占据文坛主流,二、是宫廷官员与底层文士交流碰撞的结晶,两者的汇集改变诗歌创作内容与形式长期分离的局面,边塞、闺怨题材已现盛唐风采。三、逐步展现近体律诗由探索到成熟的发展历程。对于殷璠,生平仕宦需要重新认识。殷璠并非一生困守润州,开元中赴京应举,天宝四载彻底离开,曾在京师担任“文学”一职,因而对盛唐诗坛有全面的认识与精准的把握。以殷瑶生平为出发点,以诗歌审视社会,盛中之变天宝三载已经显现。是年盛唐著名诗人王翰、王湾、孟浩然、王维、高适、王昌龄、王之涣、岑参、杜甫悉数登场,又渐趋消失,部分诗人创作已达高峰,而身居高位的贺知章与平步青云的李白同年离京摧毁众多士人理想,天宝三载文坛已经显露中唐风貌,盛唐诗歌先于“安史之乱”十年走向终结。《丹阳集》并未特意凸显“仕宦不达”,是殷璠于长安在宫廷诗风的影响下编撰的地域选本。《河岳英灵集》初选始于长安,主要确定诗人,复选始于丹阳,主要增补作品,杜甫不被选入是时机问题。《荆扬挺秀集》是介于《《丹阳集》与《河岳英灵集》之间的诗歌选本,以荆、扬二州士人为选录重点,兼及润州,似以追溯《文选》的发展历程为出发点,并为《河岳英灵集》的出现奠定基础。元结《箧中集》是第一部既面对“开元盛世”又面对“安史之乱”的选本,主要表现“复古思想”与“写实精神”。元结对上古文学的过度迷恋导致其诗歌理论脱离时代走向偏执,在极端复古之中未能找到正确出路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The article systematically combs the social power and academic origins for the prosperity of anthology of Tang poems, using a combination of literature and literary studies as a means. It takes the anthology of Tang poetry in the early period of the Tang Dynasty as the main research object, with the Selection of Literary Works and reference books as the starting point. And the article examines the details about the characteristics of the times and the critical value of some elections, such as the Imperial Academy Set, Zhuying Bachelor Set, Danyang Set, Jingyang Tingxiu Collection, the Anthology of Great Poets of Tang Dynasty and Qiezhong Set, trying to push the research for anthology of Tang poems advance in depth, on the basis of the overall care and thematic expansion.The first part of the paper focuses on the prosperity of the Tang poems and the rise of the elections. During the period about one hundred years from late Sui to early Tang, changes in social thought, from history to literature, were the basis for the prosperity of "Study of the Selection of Literary Works". Cao Xian began "Study of the Selection of Literary Works" and Li Shan completed it, which promoted the development of imperial examination, reconstructed the literary pattern and impelled poetry writing to prosperity. During the time, the emphasis of correction and writing also shifted from history to literature. Emperors held the imperial examinations by adding tests and the custom "Xingjuan". Eventually choosing officials through poems became the mainstream. The reference books, which have the dual natures, the historical nature and the literature nature, were an important bridge for the transition. When people in Tang Dynasty chose poems, they were mainly affected by the Selection of Literary Works and reference books.The second part mainly evaluates the status and influence of the Tang Poems Selected in Tang Dynasty in the history of literary criticism. First of all, the works reveals the course of development of Tang poems, from old style to modern style, from a four-line poem with five eharaeters to a four-line poem with seven characters, and provides corroboration for the internal evolution of literary genres. Secondly, the works reappears the interactive collision between restoration and innovation. The restoration and innovation are main ways to promote the internal movement of literary genres. Thirdly, it highlights the alternative evolution of enlightenment function and aesthetic function of poetry. Fourthly, the Tang Poems Selected in Tang Dynasty highlights the close relationship between poetry and music, reflecting the mutual penetration between poetry and classical Chinese poetry.The third part is a special study and mainly discusses Zhuying Bachelor Set, three elections by Yin Pan and Qiezhong Set. The vice of sadness is the main style of Zhuying Bachelor Set and the transitional nature is its characteristics of the times. Its significance lies in two aspects. On one hand, it indicates that the court literati is mainly made up of scholars who have passed the imperial exams at the provincial level other than patriarchs, and emerging class rose quickly and gradually occupied the literary mainstream. On the other hand, the election is the crystallization as a result of exchange and collision between the court officials and underlying scribes. The combination of the two made slight changes on the situation that there was a long separation of the content and form of poetry. The frontier boudoir theme had reflected the elegance of glorious age of Tang Dynasty. Yin Fan was not barricaded in Runzhou all his life. He once had served as a "Literary" in the capital of Tang Dynasty, and thus he had a comprehensive understanding and accurate grasp about Parnassus of glorious age of Tang Dynasty. On this basis, the paper will re-interpret the three elections. Qiezhong Set focused on proving the excerpted poets’life story and socializing creation, explored the creative tendencies and literary ideas of poetry school in Qiezhong Set, combining literary criticism and literary theory, and showed "retro thinking" and "realistic spirit". The article will explore the meaning of Qiezhong Set as origin to determine its position in the history of the development of poetry.更多还原