【作者】 王路珍；

【导师】 陈占清；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 工程力学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 含陷落柱煤层开采时，由于水的溶蚀、冲蚀和磨蚀作用，陷落柱的孔隙度和渗透性参量随时间变化，常常发生水流形态的转变，引发突水灾害。变质量破碎岩体渗流研究成为陷落柱突水灾害防治的基础课题。陷落柱突水前，经历了长时间的质量流失，加速渗透试验是模拟陷落柱质量迁移和流失的有效手段。本文对质量流失过程中破碎岩体的渗透性进行加速试验研究，取得如下研究成果：（1）研制了能够体现溶蚀、冲蚀和磨蚀效应的变质量破碎岩石渗透试验系统，本系统由轴向加载及位移控制子系统、渗透子系统、数据采集与分析子系统和细小颗粒回收子系统构成，可满足泵站式和注射器式两种方式渗透试验的要求，两种渗透方式切换自如。（2）分析了溶蚀、冲蚀、磨蚀作用下破碎岩石的质量变化过程，建立了质量流失率和表观毛密度变化率的表达式，解释了破碎岩石质量迁移和流失的机理。（3）通过变质量破碎泥岩渗透加速试验，建立了质量流失率与孔隙度、时间的函数关系，并构造了函数形状参数的遗传算法；得到了Talbol幂指数和初始孔隙度对质量流失率的影响规律。（4）通过变质量破碎泥岩渗透加速试验，构建了变质量破碎泥岩渗透性参量的遗传算法，得到不同Talbol幂指数和初始孔隙度下渗透率、非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数的变化规律。（5）通过变质量破碎泥岩水流形态转变试验，得到了水流形态转变前质量流失时间、流失总质量与Talbol幂指数、初始孔隙度、压力梯度的关系，建立了水流形态转变条件，运用质量流失的观点解释了破碎泥岩渗流失稳机理。（6）考虑了加速因子对质量流失率的影响，构建了变质量破碎岩体渗流系统动力学模型，设计了系统响应计算方法，模拟了任意Talbol幂指数、任意初始孔隙度和任意压力梯度下破碎岩石质量流失率、孔隙度、渗透率、非Darcy流β因子、加速度系数、压力和渗流速度的时变过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 When coal seams with collapse columns are mined, because of corrosion,washout and abrasive effect, porosity and permeability parameters of collapsecolumns will change with time, and water flow type always changes, which will resultin water inrush. It is now a foundation issue to study seepage of broken rock withmass loss for preventing and curing the disaster of water inrush in collapse columns.Water inrush in collapse columns will happen after a long time process of mass loss,so that the acceleration test is an effective measure to simulate the mass migration andmass loss in collapse columns. Permeability of broken mudstone with mass loss wasstudied by acceleration tests, and the main results are listed as follows.(1) A penetration testing system for broken rock with mass loss was developed,which could embody corrosion, washout and abrasive effect. The penetration testingsystem is constituted by the subsystem of axial loading and displacement controlling,the subsystem of penetration, the subsystem of data collection and analysis and thesubsystem of fine particles recovery, which could satisfied the requirements of bothpump station type and injection syringe type penetration tests, and these twopenetration types could be switched freely.(2) The process of mass changing for broken rock were analyzed under corrosion,washout and abrasive effect, the expressions of the rate of mass loss and rate ofchange of the apparent density were established, and the mechanism of massmigration and mass loss of broken rock was explained.(3) Based on penetration acceleration test for broken mudstone with mass loss,the function relationship among the rate of mass loss, porosity and time wasestablished, and the genetic algorithm was constructed for the shape parameters of thefunction relationship above. The rules of influence on the rate of mass loss fromTalbol power exponents and initial porosities were obtained.(4) Based on penetration acceleration test for broken mudstone with mass loss,the genetic algorithm was constructed for permeability parameters for brokenmudstone with mass loss, and changing rules of influence on permeability parameters(including permeability, non-Darcy flow β factor and acceleration coefficient) fromTalbol power exponents and initial porosities were obtained.(5) Based on the test of water flow type changing for broken rock with mass loss,relationships between duration of mass loss and Talbol power exponents, initial porosities, pressure gradients were obtained, as well as relationships between lostmass and Talbol power exponents, initial porosities, pressure gradients. Theconditions of water flow type changing were established, and the mechanism ofseepage instability of broken mudstone was explained from the viewpoint of massloss.(6) Considering the influence on the rate of mass loss from acceleration factor,the dynamic model of seepage system for broken rock with mass loss was constructed,and computing method of the response of the dynamic system was designed, the timechanging process of the rate of mass loss, porosity, permeability, non-Darcy flow βfactor, acceleration coefficient, pressure and seepage velocity for broken rock underkinds of Talbol power exponents, initial porosities, pressure gradients were simulated.更多还原