【作者】 屠洪盛；

【导师】 屠世浩；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 采矿工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 针对薄及中厚急倾斜煤层长壁综采工作面角度大、设备稳定性差、工作人员安全保障系数低问题，综合采用现场调研、理论分析、相似模拟、数值模拟、现场实测等研究方法，对急倾斜煤层开采相似实验平台、覆岩运动规律及工作面围岩、设备稳定控制机理等进行了系统研究，主要研究结论如下：（1）自主研制了以模型架、旋转系统、承载系统、控制系统和加载系统为主体结构的可旋转急倾斜相似模拟实验系统及可移动水压伺服加载系统，具有能够智能控制模型旋转参数的优点，克服了急倾斜煤层相似模型难以铺设的技术难题，提高了实验数据的可靠性，得出了不同旋转倾角下不同层位煤岩层铺设所需相似材料质量的计算方法，开发了相似模拟配比计算软件，实现了模型架安全旋转及精确跟踪给定压力、均布加载。（2）理论分析、数值模拟和相似模拟共同揭示了急倾斜工作面煤岩体的非对称性受力和采空区非对称性矸石充填与压实特征，得到了直接顶“耳朵”形承载壳体与老顶破断的倾斜“砌体梁”结构，研究了覆岩结构失稳方式、覆岩受力变形与工作面开采参数之间的相互影响关系、支架-围岩承载特征，确定了急倾斜工作面支架工作阻力、采空区矸石充填带宽度的计算方法，结合急倾斜工作面矿压显现规律验证了其正确性。（3）建立了急倾斜工作面区段煤柱受力模型，得到了区段煤柱的局部片落-整体滑落失稳方式，即：煤柱下端的塑性破坏区先沿倾斜方向向下片落，直至煤柱尺寸不足以支撑上覆岩层时将发生整体滑落。基于急倾斜煤层区段煤柱受力破坏特征，分析了区段煤柱留设尺寸与工作面开采参数的关系，确定了区段煤柱合理尺寸留设方法，揭示了区段煤柱失稳、工作面煤壁片帮、回采巷道变形以及工作面上覆顶板大面积破断的联动失稳机制。（4）构建了以固定下端头支架组、锚固刮板输送机机尾、分组间隔移架等技术措施为主，支架与刮板输送机铰接连接，以支架为着力点、刮板输送机为连接件、机体相互依托的工作面“三机”动态稳定控制技术体系，确定了急倾斜工作面仰伪斜布置参数，制定了急倾斜工作面煤壁片帮、巷道围岩控制方法，研究了工作面机道、人行道挡矸方法，机道人行道隔离方法，确保了急倾斜综采工作面设备稳定与人员安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 The large inclined angle, poor stability of the equipments and low coefficient of safety andsecurity issues for the miners exist in thin and medium thickness steeply inclined fullymechanised longwall mining working face. Thus, a combination of field research, theoreticalanalysis, similar simulation, numerical simulation, field measurement and other researchmethods is carried out to systematically analyse the steep coal seam mining similar experimentalplatform, the overlying strata movement law and the control mechanisms of surrounding rock ofworking face as well as the stability of equipment, the main conclusions are followed:(1) The steeply inclined rotatable similar simulation system and mobile hydraulic servoloading system are developed. This system has the intelligent control advantage of the rotatingparameters of the model, thus the difficult technical problem of similar model creation of thesteeply inclined coal seam is solved, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved. Thematerial ratio calculation software of similar simulation is developed, and the safe rotation of themodel and precise tracking under a certain rotation pressure load and even load distribution areachieved.(2) The coal and rock asymmetric force and asymmetric gangue filling and compactioncharacteristics of goaf in steeply inclined working face is revealed. The “ear” shaped bearingcase of the direct roof and inclined “voussoir beam structure” of the broken main roof areobtained. The instability type of overburden strata structure, the mutual influence relationshipbetween the overburden strata deformation and the mining parameters of the working face aswell as support-surrounding rock bearing characteristics are studied. The calculation methods ofsupport yield load and gangue filling width in the goaf in the steeply inclined working face aredetermined.(3) The force bearing model of the section pillar in the steeply inclined working face isestablished and the coal partially falling-whole sliding instability type of the section pillar isobtained. The section coal pillar size design method is determined, based on the stress failurecharacteristics of the section coal pillar in the steeply inclined coal seam mining. The instabilitymechanism of section pillar, coal rib in coal mining face, roadway deformation, overlying roofabove the working face are analysed.(4) The "three equipments" dynamic stability control technology system is created. Theoblique layout parameters of the working face in the steeply inclined coal seam are determined.Coal rib falling in the working face and roadway surrounding rock control method are developed.The equipment way in the working face, gangue blocking sideway, equipment road and sidewalkisolation arrangement methods are studied. These methods ensure the stability of the equipments and the safety of miners in the steeply inclined coal seam working face.118figures,5tables and166references are involved in this dissertation.更多还原