【作者】 吴函恒；

【导师】 周天华；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 结构工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 发展预制装配式建筑是实现建筑节能减排和建筑产业化的有效途径，钢结构最大优点是可实现预制装配化，其中钢框架的应用最为广泛，但其抗侧刚度小，工程界常通过增设内填式墙体来提高结构的抗侧刚度，传统的抗侧力墙体存在构造复杂、装配化施工不便、维护成本高等缺点。为实现抗侧力墙体的预制装配化，降低墙体的承担竖向荷载，同时考虑楼板钢筋穿越问题和解决建筑开门窗洞口的需求，提出了一种新型钢框架—预制混凝土抗侧力墙装配式结构体系(Steel Frame-Prefabricated Concrete Lateral Resistance Wall FabricatedStructural System)（简称SPW体系），本文通过试验研究和理论分析对SPW体系的受力性能和计算理论进行了系统的研究，主要研究内容如下：（1）研发SPW体系并开展足尺模型试验研究设计和制作了4榀由钢框架与型钢混凝土抗侧力墙、钢筋混凝土抗侧力墙组成的单层单跨足尺模型，对其进行水平低周反复加载试验。对水平荷载作用下结构体系的破坏形式、承载能力、刚度退化、滞回特性、延性及耗能性能进行系统分析，得到墙体的破坏机理、框架与抗侧力墙体的传力路径以及内力分配关系。在试验研究的基础上，对SPW体系的抗震性态水平及性能指标的量化进行探索研究，总结分析结构的破坏顺序和破坏形态，提出五个性能水平的失效判别标准，并给出不同性能水平对应的侧移角限值建议。（2）揭示SPW体系受力性能的影响因素1)分析了抗侧力墙体与框架梁连接界面处的受力特性，对连接界面的抗剪栓钉、锚筋和型钢承担剪力和弯矩作用进行定性、定量分析，得到其分布规律；并对试验模型中的连接件类型提出改进措施，以保证抗侧力墙体与框架梁连接的可靠性。2)从弹性刚度、承载能力、滞回曲线、水平剪力和倾覆弯矩的分配关系、塑性耗能等方面，考察框架柱刚度、约束梁刚度、墙体高宽比、墙体边缘构件的含钢率等因素对结构体系协同受力性能的影响，得到各因素的影响规律。（3）建立SPW体系的计算理论1)建立结构层间抗侧刚度的计算模型，分别推导考虑梁约束效应的墙体和框架柱抗侧刚度计算公式，通过试验数据验证公式的合理性。并将抗侧力墙体简化为“交叉撑杆+竖向杆”的杆系模型，推导刚度等量代换关系，弹性阶段，结构体系可等代为杆系模型进行的内力分析和变形计算。2)基于连续化的方法，建立钢框架、约束梁和抗侧力墙体协同工作微分方程，提出为反映结构侧向刚度的重要参数λ，求解结构体系在三种典型水平荷载下的内力、位移计算方法。3)根据结构体系的破坏形态，提出不同破坏形态的受剪承载力分析模型和计算简图，建立受剪承载力的计算公式，通过试验数据验证公式的可靠性。（4）提出SPW体系合理刚度比的优化设计方法和设计建议1)以反应谱理论为基础，建立以基底地震剪力为目标函数，最大层间位移角为约束条件的数学优化模型，采用MATLAB高级语言编写优化程序，对钢框架、约束梁和抗侧力墙体的合理刚度比进行优化分析；并对刚度参数λ的影响因素进行分析，并以表格的形式给出不同抗震设防烈度下的特征周期Tg、刚重比η与λ最优值的关系，可供设计参考。2)以弹塑性层间位移的控制为基础，设计了45个钢框架、约束梁和抗侧力墙体不同刚度比的数值模型，其弹性抗侧刚度保持一致，采用弹塑性时程分析的方法，统计得出弹塑性层间位移随刚度参数λ的变化规律，研究表明：①当刚度参数λ为定值情况下，框架刚度CF与约束梁刚度CB的比值对各楼层的层间侧移峰值影响不大；②最大弹塑性层间位移δmax与刚度参数λ有关，在2≤λ≤3之间时，δmax存在最小值点，在此基础上提出刚度参数λ最优值的设计建议。本文的研究工作，论证了新型钢框架—预制混凝土抗侧力墙装配式混合结构体系的可行性和合理性，并为实际工程应用提供了试验依据和理论指导。最后，对需进一步研究的课题进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of prefabricated buildings is one of the effective approach to realizing the objectiveof energy saving and emission reduction in the architecture field and architectural industrialization ofChina. The prefabricate assembly is the greatest advantage of steel structure, steel frame among which iswidely used. Because of the smaller lateral stiffness of steel frame, an important method to improve thelateral stiffness is adding the infilled wall in steel frame. However, there are several shortcomings of thecomplicated constructed method, inconvenient prefabricate assembly and higher maintenance cost oftraditional lateral resistance wall.A new type of fabricated structural system with steel frame-prefabricated concrete lateral resistancewall (SPW system) is adopted to realize the prefabricate assembly, reduce the vertical load of lateralresistance wall, insure the traversing of slab reinforcement and set windows and doors hole. Themechanical behavior and computational theory of this fabricated structure are systematically studied byexperimental research and theoretical analysis. The main contents and conclusions are listed as following:Development of new SPW system and experimental study on full scale specimensFour full scale specimens composed of steel frame and steel reinforced concrete or reinforcedconcrete lateral resistance wall are designed and tested with cyclic horizontal load. The failure mode,carrying capacity, rigidity degeneration, hysteretic characteristics, ductility and dissipation capacity of thestructural system are systematically analyzed by cyclic horizontal load, the destruction mechanism oflateral resistance wall, force transferring path and internal force distribution relationship are studied.Based on the experimental research, seismic performance levels and quantitative index of SPWsystem are analyzed, the failure order and failure modes are investigated. Failure criteria and lateral anglelimitation for the five performance levels are suggested.Analysis on effect factors of mechanical behavior for the SPW system1. The mechanical behaviors of joint interface between wall and steel beam are studied by the micronumerical model. the distribution relationships of shear force and bending moment among shear stud,anchor bar and cnnection steel are qalitativelynd quantitatively analyzed. The improvement approaches ofconnection type are put forward, which can ensure the reliability of connection between lateral resistancewall and steel beam.2. The influence factors and influence law of the rigidity of frame column and beam, the height to width ratio and steel content of edge member for lateral resistance wall on cooperative performance for theSPW system are studied through the perspective of elastic stiffness, carrying capacity, hysteretic curve, thedistribution relationships of shear force and bending moment, the plastic development process anddissipation capacity.Establishment of computational theory for the SPW system1. The calculational model of inter-story elastic drift stiffness is presented by analysis of the stiffnesscontribution for structural system, the computational formulas of lateral stiffness considering beamconstrained effect for lateral resistance wall and steel frame are established and the rationality is verifiedby test data. The beam-column simplified model with cross bars and vertical bars for lateral resistance wallis proposed and the generation relationships of stiffness are established, by which the internal force anddisplacement can be conveniently calculated.2. The differential equations for the cooperative working performance among steel frame, restrainedbeam and lateral resistance wall are established by continuous method, stiffness parameter λ of structuralsystem is put forwards. Three sets of the calculation formulas for the lateral displacement and inner forceare obtained by solving the equations.3. The analysis models and calculation diagrams for shear bearing capacity under the differentdamage states are presented based on failure mode of structural system and the rationality is verified bytest data.Optimum design method and design suggestion of reasonable stiffness for new SPW system1. The optimized mathematical model with base shear force as objective function and the largestinter-storey drift angle as constraint conditions is put forward based on the theory of response spectrum,the optimization programs are writed in high-level language by MATLAB, reasonable stiffness of steelframe, restrained beam and lateral resistance wall along with influence factors of parameter λ are analyzed,design tables of the relationship among characteristic period Tg, the ratio of rigidity-to-gravity η andoptimum value of parameter λ under different seismic fortification intensity are presented, which can beused for reference to designers.2. Ninety analytical models with same lateral stiffness and different stiffness ratio among steel frame,restrained beam and lateral resistance wall are designed. The method of elastic-plastic time history analysisis adopted based on the control of elastic-plastic storey displacement, the change laws between parameter λand elastic-plastic storey displacement are obtained by statistical approach, the results show the ratio of frame stiffness CF-restrained beam stiffness CBhas little effect on lateral inter-storey displacement peak asconstant parameter λ value; when parameter λ is between2and3, the lateral inter-storey displacement peakhas the minimum point, and the design suggestion on optimal value for parameter λ is put forward.Generall, it is porved that the new type of fabricated mixed structural system (SPW system) withsteel frame-prefabricated concrete lateral resistance wall is feasible and reasonable, the research resultsprovide the test basis and theoretical guidance for real projects. Finally, some issues that need furtherinvestigations are discussed.更多还原