【作者】 贾军；

【导师】 张卓；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 目前，业务间协同发展成为多元化企业成功运营和发展的主要动力，也是战略管理和组织设计研究领域的核心议题。然而，自从上个世纪60年代安索夫引入协同概念以来，战略和组织的研究者们直接对业务协同发展的研究并不丰富。多元化企业各项业务协同发展状况以及如何实现业务协同发展等问题依然有待深入探讨。按照Martin的研究，多元化企业运营协同可分为两类，即以提升资源利用效率为核心的效率性协同（范围经济）和通过运营资源间的互补性获得利润增长的增长性协同。本文从效率性协同和增长性协同这两个方面分析多元化企业中的运营协同问题，并对多元化业务协同的度量提出新的方法。在效率性协同方面，主要研究了两个问题。第一，协同成本相关问题研究。首先，采用仿真的方法分析了协同成本对企业绩效的影响。然后，提出了一种新的度量协同成本的方法，并在此基础上分析了协同成本的特性并利用结构突变模型对协同成本数列的突变点进行判断与识别。结果表明，随着多元化企业业务数量的增加，协同成本呈现非线性增长，利用结构突变模型可较好地识别其突变点，可为企业控制协同成本增长提供有效方法，形成控制协同成本增长的预警机制。第二，技术关联对企业绩效影响研究。采用中国高技术上市公司2004-2010年面板数据，实证分析技术关联与企业绩效的关系以及环境包容性和动态性与互补资产对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明，技术关联与企业绩效呈倒U形关系；环境包容性和动态性负向调节技术关联与企业绩效的关系。人力互补资产正向调节技术关联和企业绩效间关系；市场互补资产对技术关联和企业绩效间关系调节作用不显著。在增长性协同方面，从互补资产的角度研究其对企业绩效的影响。一是采用中国高技术上市公司2004-2010年面板数据，实证分析互补资产协同与企业绩效的关系以及技术关联对两者关系的调节作用。二是探讨了互补资产对技术多元化与企业绩效关系的调节作用。结果表明，互补资产协同与企业绩效呈正向相关关系；技术关联对生产制造互补资产与市场互补资产协同和企业绩效的关系存在负向调节作用。技术关联对生产制造互补资产与人力互补资产协同和企业绩效的关系以及市场互补资产与人力互补资产协同和企业绩效关系存在正向调节作用。生产制造互补资产对技术多元化与企业绩效关系的调节作用并未完全得到支持；市场互补资产与人力互补资产对技术多元化与企业绩效关系存在正向调节作用。在多元化企业业务协同测度方面，根据企业整体资产在资本市场的价值，提出一种直接度量业务协同状况的新方法，同时利用面板数据因子分析方法对影响业务协同的因素进行因子分析。以中国化学原料和化学制品制造业上市公司为例，结果发现，该方法能有效的度量企业业务协同状况；根据对公因子的排序和分析可以明确影响企业业务协同的优势因素和短板因素，为提高企业业务协同水平提供依据。然后，基于二象对偶理论和协同论，将企业业务协同系统划分为绩效子系统、资源共享子系统和资源互补子系统并构建了复合系统协同度模型，对高技术企业业务协同系统进行协同度测量及分析。结果表明，我国高技术企业业务协同系统协同发展水平还不高；资源共享-绩效系统协同度不断提升；资源互补-绩效系统协同度较低且不稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cross-business synergies are the prime rationale for the existence of the multi-business firm.Therefore, they are at the core of strategic management and organization design. Nevertheless, eversince Igor Ansoff introduced cross-business synergies into the field in the1960s, research in strategyand organization has largely neglected their direct investigation. The questions of what cross-businesssynergies actually are and how they are realized remain largely unexplored. According to Martin’sstudy, the thesis conceptualizes two new types of cross-business synergies, ie, efficiency-focusedsynergy and growth synergy. The former is efficiency-focused view of synergy in the multi-businessfirm (economies of scope) and the latter generates profitable growth from recombiningcomplementary operative resources across businesses.This dissertation analyzes the cross-business synergies in multi-business enterprises from thesetwo aspects, and puts forward a new method to measure the cross-business synergies. From the aspectof efficiency synergy, two questions are studied. First, the related questions about synergistic costs.The simulation method is used to analyze the impact of synergistic cost on enterprise performance inthe first place. Furthermore, a measurement model of synergistic costs is put forward. Then, the paperanalyzes the characteristics of synergy costs，and identifies the breakpoints of synergy costs using thestructure break model. The results show that with the increase of enterprises business unit, synergycosts present nonlinear growth, and the breakpoints of synergy costs can be identified using thestructure break model. It is a effective method to control the synergy costs and form early warningmechanism. Second, the impact of technological relatedness on corporate performance is researched.By taking china high-tech listed companies from2004-2010panel data as an example, the paperanalyzes the relationship between the technological relatedness and enterprise performance andenvironmental munificence and environmental dynamism and complement assets have moderatingeffects on this relationship. The result shows that technological relatedness has an inverted U-shapedrelationship with performance. Environmental munificence and environmental dynamism havenegatively moderate the relationship between technological relatedness and firm performance. Themore human capital complementary assets are available, the greater the positive impact oftechnological relatedness on enterprise performance. Marketing complementary assets has nomoderating effects on this relationship.From the aspect of growth synergy, the impact of complementary assets on enterpriseperformance is researched. By taking China high-tech listed companies from2004-2010panel data as an example, the paper analyzes the relationship between complementary assets and enterpriseperformance and technological relatedness’ moderating effects on this relationship. In addition, thepaper analyzes complementary assets’ moderating effects of technological diversification onperformance. The results show that the synergy of complementary assets has a positive effect onperformance. The higher the degree of technological relatedness in a firm’s technology portfolio, thegreater the negative impact of the synergy of manufacturing complementary assets and marketingcomplementary assets on enterprise performance. Technological relatedness can moderate the positiverelationship between the synergy of manufacturing complementary assets and human complementaryassets and enterprise performance. Technological relatedness can moderate the positive relationshipbetween the synergy of marketing complementary assets and human complementary assets andenterprise performance. The manufacturing complementary assets’ moderating effect on thisrelationship is not supported completely. Marketing complementary assets and human complementaryassets moderate the positive relationship between technological diversification and performance.The paper puts forward a new method which can direct measure the business synergy usingcapital market performance of the firm as a whole. Then, the paper puts forward the panel data factoranalysis model to analyze the influence factors of business synergy and calculate the general factorsscores. Taking raw chemical materials and chemical products manufacturing listed companies as anexample, the paper proves that the method is valid. According to the enterprises’ common factorsscores and total scores, the strengths and weaknesses of influencing businesses synergy can be foundto improve businesses synergy development level. Based on the Er-Xiang dual theory and Synergetics,enterprise business synergy system can be divided into three subsystems: performance system,resource sharing system and resource complementation system. Based on the theoretical analysis, asystem synergetic degree model is established. By taking china high-tech listed companies from2004-2010data as an example, the paper measures the synergetic degree of China high-tech enterprisebusiness synergy. The results show that enterprise business synergy system of high-tech enterpriseshad a relative low synergetic development level. The synergetic degree of resourcesharing-performance system has been increasing, but the synergetic degree of resourcecomplementation-performance is very low.更多还原