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赖山阳的汉学与史学

【作者】 张冬阳

【导师】 徐建新;

【作者基本信息】 中国社会科学院研究生院 , 世界史, 2014, 博士

【摘要】 赖山阳(1780—1832),名襄,字子成,号山阳、三十六峰外史,通称久太郎,是江户时代后期文豪,也是著名的史学家、汉文学家和思想家。他是文苑全才,诗、文、书、画皆绝,“文宗八家而不乘其范围,诗步趋宋元而不坠其圈套,胸罗四库之书”,“为诗为文为史策,奇正万变”,乃至“在京最久,文名岿然,衣被海内”,“隐然执文坛牛耳者数十年,莫敢或争。”赖山阳“文才天授,别开生面”,又勤于著述,在史学、古文学、诗词学、程朱学、书法等领域都能自成一家。其学术以汉学为基础,以史学为中心,是一个有系统的整体。赖山阳的著作以《日本外史》为代表,具有持久广泛的影响力。然而截至目前,国内对赖山阳的认识比较片面,多系仅针对其某方面或某部书的论述,令人难窥其学术思想全貌。本文将赖山阳的学术视为一个整体,以其人生为主线,分为“萌芽”、“初创”、“发展”、“完结”四部分来论述,力求从宏观角度全面、系统地把握赖山阳学术的基本脉络。全文共分七章:第一章是绪论,叙述选题背景、动机和意义,着重介绍了研究史和研究现状,阐明了本文主旨。第二章论述赖山阳所处的时代背景,分为三节。第一节概述当时的政治形势与社会风潮,着眼于田沼意次与松平定信的政治沉浮,以及随之而来的“化政文化”。第二节是江户时代汉学史概述,介绍了儒学与汉诗文的发展情况。第三节介绍江户后期的日本史学,分成国学与水户学两部分来论述。第三章名为“赖山阳学术的萌芽”,介绍21岁脱藩之前赖山阳的主要经历。第四章名为“赖山阳学术的初创”,针对广岛屏居时赖山阳的修学著述情况,分成“汉学悟道”与“屏居修史”两部分论述。本章是本文的中心部分,以“汉学”、“史学”两个视角来切入,先汉学而后史学,着重介绍了《日本外史》与《新策》两部史书的写作过程与主要内容。第五章名为“赖山阳学术的发展”,论述赖山阳从离开广岛自立门户到完成《外史》名满天下的经过,勾勒出壮年山阳的学术与人生轨迹。第六章是“赖山阳学术的完结”,介绍了赖山阳生命最后几年里的治学情况,指出这一时期与他广岛屏居时一样,都是其创作生涯中的高峰。第七章是结论,集中阐述赖山阳学术的主要特点与内涵。为照应主题,本章仍分“汉学”、“史学”两部分,指出赖山阳的汉学有“实”、“独”、“通”三大特点,史学又有“俗”、“隽”、“鉴”三大特点。笔者结合时代,强调研究赖山阳学术的最大意义,是与同期中国之间的横向比较,可以反衬出清代思想学术领域的固步自封。笔者认为,在18世纪末19世纪初的历史转折点上,积极探索、敢于突破、具有启蒙精神的赖山阳,其学术承前启后、继往开来,是新旧时代的分水岭,有力推动了日本国家与社会的进步变革,发挥了“思想发动机”的巨大功效。

【Abstract】 Rai Sanyou (1780-1832),the historian、Sinologist、and thinker in the late Edoperiod,is a monster sacre during his lifetime and after his death in Japanese history.The thing which bring honour to him,exactly is his representative work:<UnofficialHistory of Japan>. As the junior teaching material of Tokugawa shogunate,<Unofficial History of Japan> have the excellent style of writing,won universalpraise at that time,was the best liked history book in19thcentury.<Unofficial Historyof Japan> produced giant effect on the Meiji Reformation.Edo epoch was the heyday of Sinologist in Japanese history. Especially at thelater stage of Edo epoch,some Japanese literati have great attainments on Sinologist,and even never worse than Chinese literati,Rai Sanyou was quite right the one. As themasterpieces of Rai Sanyou,<Unofficial History of Japan> was writed in classicalChinese,its theory is Chinese historiography,stood for the highest achievement ofJapanese Sinology.This thesis focus on the Sinology and historiography of Rai Sanyou, isconstituted by seven chapter:The1stchapter is introduction. Introduce the related situation and the intent ofauthor.The2ndchapter is constituted by three part,introduce the age of Rai Sanyou. The1stpart introduce political situation and social development. The2ndpart discuss theSinology of Edo epoch. The3rdpart introduce the general situation of Japanesehistoriography before Rai Sanyou.The3rdchapter is “the bud of Rai Sanyou’s theory”,introduce the early youthlifetime (until21st)of Rai Sanyou.The4thchapter is “the found of Rai Sanyou’s theory”,constituted by two part:1.“Insight learning of Sinology”;2.“the writing process of Rai Sanyou’s history”. The5thchapter is“the develop of Rai Sanyou’s theory”,introduce themid-life(30ty—50ty)of Rai Sanyou.The6thchapter is “the finish of Rai Sanyou’s theory”,introduce the later years(51st—53rd)of Rai Sanyou.The7thchapter is the last part of this thesis,summarize the main characteristicsof Rai Sanyou’s Sinology and historiography.The chapter Point out:in the kickpointof world-history,Rai Sanyou’s Sinology and historiography bring forth new ideasand made innovations,have epoch-making significance.

  • 【分类号】K313
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】88
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