【作者】 刘世薇；

【导师】 张平宇；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（东北地理与农业生态研究所） ， 人文地理学， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 当今人类社会面临着城市化问题的严峻挑战，可持续城市化已经成为区域可持续发展的必然选择。针对经济全球化和全球环境变化背景下城市化出现的新问题和新趋势，以及我国新型城市化发展战略的现实需求，以东北地区为案例，深入分析东北地区城市化的条件，构建东北地区可持续城市化潜力指标体系，以东北地区36个地级行政单元为对象，定量评价不同城市可持续城市化潜力，揭示东北地区可持续城市化潜力空间分异特征及其影响因素，划分可持续城市化潜力类型，提出可持续城市化的途径与对策。以期在理论上丰富可持续城市化研究的内容，在实践上为东北地区城市的振兴与可持续发展提供决策参考。论文主要内容和研究结论包括以下几个方面：1.在对相关概念进行辨析的基础上，分析了可持续城市化、可持续发展潜力与可持续城市化潜力的内涵，系统总结了可持续性、城市化、城市化潜力的相关理论与方法，为开展东北地区可持续城市化潜力研究奠定理论基础。本文认为可持续城市化是一种健康、有序的城市化模式，它以可持续性的理念逐步推进城市化，在区域城市化水平提高的同时实现了区域可持续性水平的提高。可持续城市化潜力反映的是一个地区未来城市化以可持续发展方式推进的能力，是可持续城市化经济潜力、社会潜力、环境潜力的合力。2.在回顾和分析东北地区城市化的历程及存在的问题基础之上，对东北地区城市化的经济支撑条件、社会支撑条件、资源环境支撑条件进行了系统的分析。结果表明东北地区城市化历程可分为城市化的起步、城市化的大起大落、城市化的稳步发展三个阶段，城市化过程中存在城市化进程缓慢、城市化动力不足、城乡二元结构矛盾突出等问题。城市化的经济支撑条件分析结果显示：作为东北地区优势产业的农业，还没有完全发挥出对区域城市化的推动力；工业化促进了区域城市化进程，但工业发展亟需寻求突破口，以便吸纳更多的就业人口；第三产业转变为城市化的主要推动力。城市化的社会支撑条件分析结果显示：东北地区基础设施建设改善了城市物质环境，优化了区域空间格局，加强了城市群之间的空间联系；东北三省社会保障能力增强，社会保障条件相对较好，为城市发展提供了较为稳定的社会环境；区域科技文化的支撑能力增强，但仍需要加大投入；东北三省在社会政策供给方面取得了很大的进步，但仍不能满足新时期东北三省推进可持续城镇化的需求。城市化的资源环境支撑条件分析表明东北三省丰富的自然资源，良好的生态环境，逐年提高的生态环境保护治理能力为区域城市化提供了良好的支撑条件，但是区域城市环境基础设施建设相对落后，低碳、生态产业发展不足，未来仍需要加强发展。3.根据可持续城市化潜力的科学内涵，构建了东北地区可持续城市化潜力指标体系，并用熵权法对东北地区可持续城市化潜力进行了评价，结果表明：不同地市可持续城市化潜力具有较为明显的分异特征，各地市内部子系统、状态层可持续城市化潜力值的差别也较为明显。综合来看，区域可持续城市化潜力得分差距明显，整体潜力水平不高；城市规模与可持续城市化潜力之间不存在对应关系，城市不是越大可持续城市化潜力越大；人口城市化水平不能反映可持续城市化潜力，人口城市化不是可持续城市化的最终目标；可持续城市化潜力高的城市仍有许多不足，需要进一步完善。东北地区可持续城市化潜力类型划分结果表明：东北地区可持续城市化潜力可划分为五种类型，各潜力类型经济、社会、环境潜力分值以及各状态层指标都呈现不同的特征，未来要根据不同潜力类型的特点，有针对性推进可持续城市化战略。4.基于东北地区城市化条件分析与可持续城市化潜力评价结果，提出了东北地区可持续城市化途径与对策，主要包括：优化区域城市化空间格局，促进城市经济转型与城市功能升级，农业现代化与城乡一体化发展，建设现代化城市化基础设施，强化资源环境的持续支撑能力，提升城市管理和社会公共服务保障能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 It has been increasingly noted that urbanization leads to many problems, such as airand water pollution, depletion of cultivated land due to urban sprawl, global climatechange, and others. These problems present barriers to achieving sustainabledevelopment. So sustainable urbanization is necessary and possible for achievingsustainable development. Following the latest research trends and meeting the need ofthe New-style Urbanization practices in China, this paper takes the Northeast Chinaas a case study area and study the potential of sustainable urbanization. Afteranalyzing the background and conditions of the Northeast old industrial base incarrying out sustainable urbanization practice, this paper measured the potential of theNortheast China, and analyze the spatial differentiation and factors affect the potentialof sustainable urbanization in the study area. Based on the Hierarchical ClusterAnalysis method, this paper identifies different potential sub-regions. After studyingthe main characteristics and common problems of different potential sub-areas, theproject proposed some suggestions for practicing sustainable urbanization. Purpose ofthe project is to enrich theoretical studies in sustainable urbanization and offer someoperating recommendations for sustainable urbanization of the Northeast China. Maincontents of the dissertation are as follows:1. Based on the understanding of related concepts, the thesis analyzed theconnotation of the sustainable urbanization, sustainable development, sustainableurbanization potential, and summarized the theories and methods of sustainability,urbanization and urbanization potential.1. Sustainable urbanization is a healthy,orderly urbanization patterns in this paper, which gradually promote the areaurbanization followed the concept of sustainable and improve the overallsustainability in the process of increasing the area urbanization level. Sustainableurbanization potential reflects the sustainable development ability during areaurbanization in the future. It is a comprehensive capacity of economic potential, socialpotential and environmental potential for sustainable urbanization.2. After reviewing and analyzing the process and problems of urbanization in theNortheast China, this paper systematic analyze the economic support conditions,social support conditions, and environmental support conditions of Northeast Chinaurbanization. Results showed that the urbanization process of Northeast China can bedivided into three stages: the stage of beginning urbanization, the huge dynamics stage of urbanization, and the steady development stage of urbanization. Someproblems, like slow process of urbanization, lack of urbanization motivation andurban and rural prominent structural contradictions, are found during the process ofarea urbanization. Through analyzing the economic support conditions of urbanization,result indicated that agricultural industry, the superiority industry in northeast China,has not fully achieved the driving force for regional urbanization; Industrializationpromoted the urbanization process, but it also need to seek a breakthrough in order toattract more working population; The tertiary industry has gradually become themajor driving force of urbanization. Results of social support conditions ofurbanization revealed that infrastructure developments of northeast China improve theurban physical environment, optimize the regional spatial pattern, and enhance thespatial link between urban agglomerations; The improvement of social protectionability and social protection condition in northeast China provided a more stablesocial environment for urban development; Although the support ability of regionalscientific is increasing, it still need to increase investment; The social policy ofnortheast China has achieved great progress, but it still could not meet the sustainableurbanization needs for northeast China in the new era. Results of environmentalsupport conditions of urbanization showed that abundant natural resources, goodecological environment and gradually increasing of eco-environmental governancecapacity provided a good support conditions for regional urbanization in northeastChina; However, the infrastructure construction of urban environment is relativelybackward, and the low carbon and eco-industrial develop worse. These infrastructuresand industrials still need to strengthen development in the future.3. According to the scientific connotation of sustainable urbanization potential, thispaper constructed index system of sustainable urbanization potential for NortheastChina and evaluated the sustainable urbanization potential of Northeast China usingthe Entropy method. Result showed that: the sustainable urbanization potential ofdifferent cities has obvious differences. The value of sustainable urbanizationpotential for different subsystems and state levels in each city is also obviouslydifferent. Overall, the score difference of regional sustainable urbanization potential issignificantly, and the overall level of potential is not high. There is no correlationrelationship between city size and the sustainable urbanization potential. The big cityis not always having the greater sustainable urbanization potential than the small city.The level of population urbanization could not reflect the potential of sustainableurbanization and the population urbanization is not the ultimate goal of sustainableurbanization. Cities with high potential of sustainable urbanization are still have manyshortages and need to be future improved. The type division results of sustainableurbanization potential in the Northeast China indicated that: There are five types ofsustainable urbanization potential in Northeast China. The potential score ofeconomic, social and environmental and indicators of each state level have different characteristics in every potential type. The strategies of sustainable urbanization istargeted promote according to the characteristics of different potential types in thefuture.4. Based on the analyzing of urbanization conditions and evaluation results ofsustainable urbanization potential in the Northeast China, this paper proposed theways and countermeasures of sustainable urbanization for Northeast China. Theseways and countermeasures mainly included the following aspects: optimizing spatialpattern of regional urbanization, promoting urban economic restructuring andupgrading of urban functions, developing the modernization agriculture and urban andrural integration, building the modern urban infrastructure, strengthen the continuedsupport capacity of resources and environment, and improving urban managementand public service support capability.更多还原