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商业银行跨界经营研究:理论、现状、路径及风险控制

A Research on Cross-border Operations of Commercial Banks: the Theory, Situation, Path and Risk Control

【作者】 史俊仙

【导师】 张玉柯;

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 , 世界经济, 2013, 博士

【摘要】 当前,我国商业银行正处于一个重要的变革时期:从经营单一的传统商业银行业务向综合化经营迈进。在此变革时期,商业银行在综合化经营试点的外部推动和自身战略安排的内在要求下,跨界经营活动频繁。在“分业经营、分业监管”的现行体制下,如何从理论、现状、路径及风险防范等方面对商业银行跨界经营问题做系统研究,以期做好商业银行跨界经营活动的内外部风险控制,妥善采取相应风险控制策略,这已成为当前一个理论性和现实性都十分紧迫的研究课题。本文依托当前金融领域最新研究成果,运用功能金融观点、金融演进理论及市场逻辑相关理论,采取比较分析、制度分析、理论与实证分析相结合等方法对当前我国商业银行跨界经营活动进行了多维度、多视角的研究。本文共七章。第一章,就选题背景、意义、研究目标和相关创新点做了概括性描述。第二章,对跨界经营相关概念进行了界定,重点从理论层面介绍了功能金融观点、金融演进理论及市场逻辑相关理论;接着从实践的角度,探讨商业银行跨界经营边界,并深入分析了跨界经营对实体经济、产业结构、市场主体三个层面的影响。第三章,通过国内外商业银行跨界经营的现状比较,提出要解决商业银行跨界过程中存在的问题,必须对我国银行产权制度进行彻底的改革创新,使商业银行成为真正市场意义上的独立主体,进而才能在跨界经营上相机抉择自身的发展模式和组织架构。第四章,介绍了商业银行不同的跨界经营模式,并提出当前商业银行跨界次序安排的合理建议。第五、六两章是本文的重点,其中第五章,针对商业银行跨界经营面临的不同风险,提出商业银行跨界经营风险内部控制措施。围绕跨界经营活动,商业银行的内部风险控制措施主要有建立理财产品内部风险评级体系及完善跨界业务内部流程两个方面。而在内部风险控制体系建设上,商业银行可以通过设置不同性质“防火墙”,将跨界业务风险进行有效隔离阻断。第六章,在借鉴国际经验的基础上,创新性提出我国跨界经营风险外部监管体系演进“三步走”战略。通过“三步走”战略设想的实施,最终建立我国活跃的、有弹性的、全面的外部风险监管体系。本文最后即第七章,就主要结论和创新做了总结归纳。本文的基本结论是:1.商业银行跨界经营是一个动态变迁的过程。单纯从金融经营制度角度,静态分析跨界行为的好坏,无疑具有很大的局限性。2.根据功能金融观点、金融演进理论及市场逻辑推演,在遵循市场逻辑的基础上,充分发挥金融机构作为市场主体的独立性,能够实现金融效率的最优。3.我国商业银行的跨界经营在更大程度上讲是金融机构顺应金融发展趋势的战略性安排,而非当前市场需求诱致。4.我国分业监管体制与当前现实跨界经营活动之间的不协调性日益凸显。而要解决这一问题,则对当前监管体系进行系列改革成为必然之举。5.当前,我国商业银行跨界经营以“业内跨界”为主,“业间跨界”为辅,且商业银行“业内跨界”主要基于“资本”和“契约”两个层次。在不损害金融效率并确保金融安全的前提下,商业银行跨界次序安排上应遵循先易后难的原则,按照“先境内、后境外”、“先业内、后业间”、“先大型、后中小”跨界经营次序有重点、有先后的展开推进。6.商业银行跨界经营风险内部控制是一个系统性的工程。未来,商业银行跨界经营风险内部控制体系建设应该从设置不同性质“防火墙”出发,商业银行内部将跨界业务风险进行有效隔离阻断。7.借鉴国外发达国家经验,本文提出我国跨界经营风险外部监管体系演进“三步走”战略。其具体安排为:第一步是确立金融监管重点,实施重点监管策略,提高我国商业银行跨界经营风险外部监管体系的运行效率;第二步实施彻底的“功能型监管”新理念,从当前的机构分类监管向彻底的“功能型监管”过渡;第三步建立“大部制”下统一的金融监管体制,从分业监管体制向统一监管体制逐渐过渡。以上第5点和第7点结论,也是本文的创新之处。

【Abstract】 At present, China’s commercial banks are at a critical point of the way from separateoperation to integrated operation. In this period, cross-border business activities are frequent.Under the "separate operation, separate supervision" system, how to control the risk isbecoming a very urgent research topic.With above-mentioned background, on the basis of functional perspective、evolutionaryfinance and the logic of market, in the way combined the comparative analysis, systemsanalysis, theoretical analysis and empirical analysis makes a comprehensive analysis and deepresearch on cross-border business activities of commercial banks.The paper includes seven chapters. The first chapter is a summary of the background,significance and innovations of the research. The second chapter defines the related conceptsabout the cross-border business, and introduce the functional perspective、evolutionaryfinance and the logic of market theory, and analyzes the influence of the cross-borderoperations t to real economy. In the third chapter, based on comparison between domestic andforeign commercial banks, a thorough reform and innovation of the domestic banking systemis recommended. The fourth chapter introduces the commercial banks’ different models ofcross-border business, and presents the proper arrangement of cross-border order. The fifthchapter deals with necessity of setting up different "fire wall" to block the cross-borderbusiness risks. The sixth chapter suggests a "three-step" strategy to establish an active,flexible, comprehensive external risk control system. The seven chapter is the conclusion.The fundamental viewpoints include::1. The cross-border business is a dynamic process. It is undoubtedly limited just to makea static analysis about cross-border business.2. The independence of financial institutions makes financial efficiency3. Commercial banks make cross-border operations for development. The marketdemand is the second reason.4. The incompatibility between regulatory regime and the reality is prominent. In orderto solve this problem, the current regulatory system has to be reformed.5. At present, commercial banks operate cross-border business is mainly based on thetwo levels of " capital "and "contract ". 6. The internal risk control is a systematic project. In the future, the internal risk controlsystem should set up different "firewall" to block the risks of cross-border business.7. Learning the experience from developed countries, this paper presents a "three-step"reform strategy.

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 河北大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2014年 09期
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