【作者】 陈劲；

【导师】 段发阶；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 水听器线列阵是海洋探测领域具有广泛应用前景的一种声学传感阵列，可以实现水下声信息的时域与空域等间隔采集，是一种重要的军民两用技术。本文主要研究主动式和被动式水声探测环境的线列阵共性关键技术，包括多通道压电型水听器的信号调理与数据采集、压电型与光纤干涉型水听器的级联型数字基带信道数据传输、船载主控工作站的数据序列文件实时存储与波形回显等技术，设计了专用的主从式全阵列数据采集时钟同步系统，探索应用于级联信道的Turbo编解码技术，并实现了两条不同功能的实用化线列阵拖缆。主要内容和完成的工作如下：1.设计并实现了一种通用型的水听器线列阵数据采集与传输系统，可以同时支持主动式和被动式声学探测。该系统主要包括针对压电型水听器的多通道可变增益信号调理与多通道同步式高分辨率模数转换，水下电路节点的本地数据编帧与级联上传，水下缆内分布式供电网络，基于PCI接口的船载主控工作站数据接口以及主控软件等组成部分。2.提出并实现了一种在IEEE1588精确时钟同步协议基础上简化和改进的主从式数据采集时钟同步方法，建立了全阵列数据采集同步时钟传递模型，通过实验确定了时钟传递误差与补偿方法，实现了全阵列亚微秒级的数据采集时钟同步。3.提出以水听器线列阵的级联型信道为应用目标，研究如何引入Turbo信道编解码体系的问题。通过仿真的方法分析了Turbo码性能，特别是针对水听器线列阵传输信道的特点，研究了Turbo译码端的多级量化，进行了实际的程序设计。4.研究并实现了适用于海洋环境的线列阵命令、数据和同步信号传输的完整协议栈，包括船海通信、包间通信和包内通信三个部分。设计了分层的开放型命令和数据传输协议，以及兼容SEG Y行业标准的存储文件格式。在此基础上，将相关协议栈用于实际的水听器线列阵系统，形成了完整的传输体系。5.针对不同的工作场合，本文先后设计了多款主控软件；实现了基于双层乒乓结构内存映射的长时间不间断实时数据接收与数据文件存储，以及基于MATCOM的波形实时显示等功能。6.先后在不同地区进行了两次外场水域数据获取实验，取得了大量实际数据资料，验证了线列阵数据采集与传输的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrophone linear array is a type of acoustic sensing array which has a broadapplication prospects in the field of ocean exploration, and can be used to achieve thetime and space domain equally acoustic information acquisition underwater, as animportant dual-use technology in marine areas. This paper focused on the commonkey technologies for active and passive underwater acoustic detection modes,including multi-channel piezoelectric hydrophones signal conditioning and dataacquisition, cascaded digital base-band channel data transmission of fiber-opticinterferometric and piezoelectric hydrophones, the real-time data-sequence-filestorage and waveform echo technology in shipboard master workstation. Meanwhile,we designed dedicated distributed array data acquisition clock synchronization system,explored Turbo coding technology used in cascade channel, and two different type ofpractical linear array streamer for really explorations.The main content and completion of the work as follows:1. Designed and implemented a common type hydrophone line array dataacquisition and transmission system, which can support both active and passiveacoustic detection, The system includes variable-gain signal conditioning formulti-channel piezoelectric hydrophones and multi-channel synchronoushigh-resolution analog-to-digital conversions, underwater circuit node’s local dataframing and cascaded uploading, underwater distributed power supply network, theshipboard master workstation data interface based on the PCI interface and mastersoftware component.2. Proposed and implemented a master-slave data acquisition clocksynchronization method based on the simplification and improvement of IEEE1588precision clock synchronization protocol. Established a data acquisitionsynchronization clock transfer model for full array, determined the clock transmissionerror compensation method by experiments, and achieved a full-arraysub-microsecond-level data acquisition clock synchronization.3. Studied the Turbo channel coding and decoding system for the applicationtarget of hydrophone line array cascade channel, analyzed Turbo codes performancethrough computer-aided simulation. Studied multistage quantization problem in the Turbo decoding section, especially for the characteristics of transmission channel inlinear hydrophone array. Designed the real program in underwater circuit nodes.4. Studied and implemented complete protocol stack of linear arraycommands, data and synchronization signals transmission in marine environments,including the ship-sea communications, inter-packet communications andcommunications in packages. Designed a layered open command and data transferprotocol, and a storage file format compatible with the SEG Y industry standardformat. Put the protocol stack in the actual hydrophone linear array, formed a reliabletransmission system.5. For different occasions, this paper designed a variety of master software.Achieved long-term uninterrupted data receiving based on double ping-pong structurememory-mapped data files, the SEG Y underwater acoustic detection standard formatdata file storage, and the real-time displaying based on waveform of the MATCOMand other functions.6. Obtained the real data sets through data acquisition experiments held intwo different regions of outfields. Verified the reliability of the linear array dataacquisition and transmission system.更多还原