【作者】 胡子楠；

【导师】 宋昆；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 建造是建筑学的基本问题。建筑师一方面利用图纸与模型这种建筑学特有的诗哲般的工作方法去接近事物本身；而另一方面他们又要将思考后的建筑语言协同工程师、建造者以及工匠将其实现为具有物理呈现状态的建筑实体。前者指涉我们要去建造什么，而后者则与我们如何去建造相关。面对当代建筑学出现的物体危机及失魅状态，文本突破了以往仅从物质属性或纯技术角度出发研究建造视角，而是从作为人类原初技艺和建造活动核心的建造方式来进行探讨。论文首先解读了作为建筑术的建造所蕴含的“诗意与制作”的内核属性，又从人类行为、实体要素和感知意义三个方面揭示了建造的外延属性。之后，梳理了西方建筑理论史和实践中有关建造问题的研究，在此基础上提出了建造问题中存在的三个维度，即概念维度、操作维度和伦理维度，并以此全面解读了建造之于建筑学的含义，使涉及多学科和多层面的建造问题建筑学化。然后，论文从建造方式的起源、建造方式的作用和建造方式的表达三个方面确立了建造与建造方式之间的关系，通过房屋起源、建造原初动机以及材料置换理论阐释了建造方式之于建造的核心地位，并提出了现代建筑中三种原初类型的建造方式，即体块砌筑、杆系构架和整体塑形。接下来，论文将建造的三个维度与三种现代建筑建造方式的结论相叠加，详细论述了现代建筑中各种建造方式：通过概念维度中聚合与堆积的属性及切合与叠层的构法，操作维度中加筋与借助承重构件、双层砌体和单层饰面以及伦理维度中砌体深度和砌筑精神研究了体块砌筑建造方式；通过概念维度中组合与透明的属性及搭接与支撑的构法，操作维度中水平框架、格构斜拉和空间网架以及伦理维度中重力学法则和构架纪念性阐述了杆系构架建造方式；通过概念维度中转化与整体的属性及制模和成形的构法，操作维度中构件塑造、整体塑造和质感塑造以及伦理维度中再现真实性和塑形中的隐匿与显现探讨了整体塑形建造方式。最后，论文从制作化思维与诗意策略两个方面对现代建筑建造问题进行了反思和总结，并揭示了我们当下应采取的实际步骤和具体策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Construction is the essential issue of architecture. On the one hand, Architectsuse the drawing and model, which are unique operating methods of architecture likepoem and philosophy, to get to the things themself, on the other hand, they convertthought-out architectural language into building entity having physical presence withengineers, builders, and craftsmans. The former refers to what are we to build, and thelatter is related to how can we to build.In the face of crisis of the object and state of disenchantment, this dissertationbreaks through the past reaching perspective about construction, which is only fromphysical nature or pure technology, but is discussed by the modes of construction asprimal human skill and the core of building activitie. At first, the dissertationinterprets the core property of construction as architectonic, which is "poetics andmaking", and the extension property of construction is expounded by human behavior,object elements and perception meaning. And then the researches about constructionissue in history of western architecture theories and practices are combed, on thisbasis, the dissertation put forward thress dimensions in construction issue: conceptdimension, operation dimension and ethic dimension. With this conclusion, themeaning of construction for architecture is explained and construction issue involvingmultiple disciplines and multifaceted aspects is translated into architectural problem.Next, the relation between construction and mode of construction is establishedby its origin, effect and expression. The heart of mode of construction in allconstruction issues is discussed by primitive hut, Original motive of building andmaterial transformation theory and the thress original type mode of construction inmodern architecture is presented, which are stereotomic, tectonic and mould.Further more, the dissertation detailedly analyzes various modes of constructionin modern architecture by overlaping with thress dimensions and three modes ofconstruction：by property of gathering and cumulating and grammar of bonding andlaying in concept dimension, reinforced masonry, supporting with bearing componentpart, double-sided masonry and monolayer cladding in operation dimension, anddepth and expressions of spirituality for masonry in ethic dimension, the thesis studiesstereotomic; with property of assembling and transparency and grammar ofoverlaping and supporting in concept dimension, horizontal frame, girder and latticebeam and Space frames in operation dimension, and gravity rule and monumentality of framework in ethic dimension, the thesis researches tectonic; following property oftransforming and integrating and grammar of moulding and shaping in conceptdimension, of component, whole and texture moulding in operation dimension, andrepresentational authenticity and absence or presence for moulding in ethic dimension,mould is explained.Finally, from two aspects, which are making thinking and poetics strategy, thedissertation rethinks and summarizes lots of construction issues in modernarchitecture and releases practical steps and specific measures.更多还原