【作者】 曹周红；

【导师】 练继建；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 船闸与周围的地基、水组成一个十分复杂的力学系统，并承受重力场、温度场、渗流场、流场等多种场的综合作用。整个力学系统及其受力具有强烈的时变演化特性，其形成是随混凝土的浇筑施工不断变化，承受的各种场作用也是逐步被施加到结构体系上，其强弱不断变化，并与结构的位移场、应力场等产生极其复杂的随时间不断变化的相互关联和耦合关系，而以往的分析方法难以加以考虑。本文采用多场耦合分析方法，考虑船闸结构系统的时变演化过程，对其进行力学分析，主要研究内容如下：（1）对修建在软土地基上的船闸结构按照施工过程及时变演化特性进行重力场、渗流场及应力场的多场耦合分析，分析软土地基上船闸底板混凝土产生裂缝的原因，指出底板自重荷载分析的演化特性考虑不全面，建议计算底板负弯矩时宜不计其自重产生的弯矩。（2）对修建在岩基上的船闸结构按照施工过程及时变演化特性进行温度场、重力场及应力场的多场耦合分析，分析岩基上船闸混凝土产生裂缝的原因，并在此基础上，提出了一种新型的预留宽缝施工方法，这种施工方法既能有效改善结构的受力，又能提高施工质量和施工进度。（3）以往对船闸输泄水系统的阀门流激振动问题多集中在高水头的反向弧形阀门研究上，本文对中低水头船闸的平面阀门-吊杆-支承梁在水流作用下的混凝土损毁问题进行了研究，指出流激引起阀门、吊杆振动导致支承梁长期承受荷载作用而导致疲劳是发生破坏的重要原因，并提出了相应的改善加固措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mechanical system, being consisted of the lock, the surrounding foundationand the water, is very complex because the structure itself is changing inconstruction period and is influenced synthetically by the gravity field, temperaturefield, seepage field, flow field and so on. With the changing of the concrete pouringconstruction, the mechanical system is being changed. And with the changing ofexternal condition, the physical field’s feature is being changed. At the same time,the above change is gradually exerted on the system and on the physical field. So,the displacement field, stress field and etc of the system and the changing fields forma complicated and time-varying correlative and coupling relationship, which lead tothe time-varying evolution characteristics of the system. It is difficult to analysis thecomplex system with the general method. Thus, in this paper, multi-field couplinganalytic method are used to analysis the time-varying evolution progress and thestress of the lock system. The main research contents are as follows. The system andthe load have a strong time-varying evolution characteristic.（1）The cause of longitudinal cracks on the top of the large lock built on softfoundation is discussed by comparing the result of the general method and the resultof the simulation method, considerating the construction process and the couplingeffect of gravity field, seepage field and stress field. And it is explained partly that itis an important one of the reasons because of including the effect of the lock floor’sdeadweigh. So, it is suggested that engineers should exclude the lock floor’sdeadweight when computing the negative moment.（2）The cause of longitudinal cracks on the top of the large lock built on rockfoundation is discussed and explaided by comparing the result of the general methodand the result of the simulation method of considerating the weather, theconstruction process and the coupling effect of temperature field and stress field, etc.Based on the above, the paper proposes a new construction method of setting upconstruction joints on the lock floor that can improve the construction quality andreduce construction time. （3）Researchers generally concentrate on the flow-induced vibration problemsof the high head lock’s valve that is mostly a reverse arc valve. The paper discussesthe flow-induced vibration problem of the low head lock’s valve and supplementsthe results of research in this area. It is pointed out that the damage cause is mostlybecause the supporting beam was being under long-term vibrating load of the lockLose drain system’s boom and gate. Based on the above, this paper put forwardcorrespond measures to reduce valve’s vibration and improve mechanical propertiesof the supporting beam.更多还原